212
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The genesis of the production code

Pages 5-32 | Published online: 05 Jun 2009

Notes

  • 1929 . The Community and the Motion Picture: Report of National Conference on Motion Pictures held at the Hotel Montclair, New York City, September 24–27,1929 , 17 – 8 . New York : Motion Picture Production and Distributors of America, Inc .
  • Hays , Will . 1929 . speech to MPPDA Board of Directors, New York, October 4, 1929, 1929 Meetings‐Re Don'ts file . October 4 1929 . Archive, New York : Motion Picture Association of America, Inc. . (hereafter MPA).
  • Moley , Raymond . 1945 . The Hays Office , 227 Indianapolis : Bobbs‐Merrill .
  • Hays , Will H. 1955 . The Memoirs of Will H. Hays , Garden City, New York : Doubleday .
  • Hays , Will . The Memoirs of Will H. Hays , 438 – 9 .
  • Lord , Daniel A. 1956 . Played by Ear , 296 Chicago : Loyola University Press .
  • Vaughn , Stephen . 1990 . “Morality and Entertainment: The Origins of the Motion Picture Production Code/’ . Journal of American History, , 77 ( 1 ) : 48 – 56 .
  • Left , Leonard J. and Simmons , Jerrold L. 1990 . The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood, Censorship and the Production Code from the 1920s to the 1960s , 81 New York : Grove Weidenfeld .
  • 1907 . Moving Picture World , 1 August 31 : 401
  • Press release . “Opening Address by Abram F. Myers, Federal Trade Commissioner, Trade Practice Conference of the Motion Picture Industry held in New York City, beginning October 10, 1927,” . 1 – 2 .
  • Stone , Alan . 1977 . Economic Regulation and the Public Interest: The Federal Trade Commission in Theory and Practice , 21 Ithaca, New York : Cornell University Press .
  • Barber , William J. 1985 . Prom New Era to New Deal: Herbert Hoover, the Economists, and American Economic Policy, 1921–1933 , 13 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Peters , Charles C. 1933 . Motion Pictures and Standards of Morality , ii 5 New York : Macmillan .
  • Gomery , Douglas . 1975 . The Coming of Sound to the American Cinema: A History of the Transformation of an Industry , 245 321 333 338 – 9 . University of Wisconsin‐Madison . (PhD Thesis,
  • Vaughn , Stephen . 1988 . “Financiers, Movie Producers and the Church: Economic Origins of the Motion Picture Production Code,” . In Current Researches in Film: Audiences, Economics, and Law , Edited by: Austin , Bruce A. Vol. 4 , 210 Norwood, New Jersey : Ablex .
  • Hampton , Benjamin B. 1970 . History of the American Film Industry From its Beginnings to 1931 , 393 New York : Dover .
  • Himmelberg , Robert E . 1976 . The Origins of the National Recovery Administration: Business, Government and the Trade Association Issue, 1921–1933 , 88 – 145 . New York : Fordham University Press .
  • Walker , Alexander . 1986 . The Shattered Silents: How the Talkies Came to Stay , 173 London : Harrap .
  • Galambos , Louis . 1966 . Competition and Cooperation: The Emergence of a National Trade Association , 106 – 139 . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press .
  • Lord , John . 1929 . O'Brien to Hays . October 8 Hays Papers
  • 1929 . Film Daily , October 28 November 29,
  • Maltby , Richard . 1992 . “ To Prevent the Prevalent Type of Book’: Censorship and Adaptation in Hollywood, 1924–1934,” . American Quarterly, , 44 ( 4 ) December : 554 – 583 .
  • Walsh , Francis R. 1990 . “The Callaghans and the Murphys (MGM, 1927): A Case Study of Irish‐American and Catholic Church Censorship,” . Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television , 10 ( 1 ) : 33 – 45 .
  • Couvares , Francis G. 1992 . “Hollywood, Main Street, and the Church: Trying to Censor the Movies Before the Production Code,” . American Quarterly , 44 ( 4 ) December : 601 – 7 .
  • Maltby , Richard . 1990 . “The King of Kings . Screen , 31 ( 2 ) : 188 – 213 .
  • 1929 . The Churchman , July 6
  • 1930 . “The Federal Council was . The Churchman , April 5
  • Inglis , Ruth . 1947 . Freedom of the Movies: A Report on Self‐Regulation from the Commission on Freedom of the Press , 108 – 11 . Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • 1929 . Christian Register , September 26
  • 1931 . The Public Relations of the Motion Picture Industry 84 – 5 . New York
  • Hays . 1930 . “Reporter's Transcript of the Proceedings at Conference held at the Offices of the Association of Motion Picture Producers, Los Angeles, February 10,1930,” . : 2 AMPP Code file, MPA (hereafter Reporter's Transcript)
  • 1929 . Concerning the Character of Pictures , : 6 MPPDA pamphlet,
  • Vaughn , Stephen . “Financiers, Movie Producers and the Church,” . 213 – 4 .
  • “General Principles,” . Reporter's Transcript , 138 – 9 .
  • MPPDA . 1934 . A Code to Govern the Making of Motion and Talking Pictures, the Reasons Supporting It and the Resolution for Uniform Interpretation , June 13
  • Ramsaye , Terry . “What the Production Code Really Says,” . 10 – 13 .
  • 1930 . Variety , February 19 : 9
  • 1930 . Congressional Record, , March 25 : 6104 6106
  • 1930 . Variety , April 2
  • 1930 . “The Federal Council was . The Churchman , April 5
  • Eastman , Fred . 1930 . “The Menace of the Movies,” . The Christian Century , January 15 : 75 – 8 .
  • 1930 . “The Movies are ‘Converted’ Again!,” . The Christian Century , April 9 : 454
  • 1930 . “Morals for Profit,” . New York World , April 1
  • 1930 . “Morals for Movies,” . Outlook and Independent , July 16 : 612
  • 1930 . “Virtue in Cans,” . The Nation , April 16 : 441
  • 1930 . Variety , April 2
  • 1930 . “This is What They're Saying,” . May 5 1930 “This is What They're Saying” file, MPA
  • Hartford , Connecticut . 1930 . Courant , April 2
  • 1930 . Star , April 3 Washington, DC
  • 1930 . Free Press , April 8 Burlington, VT,
  • 1930 . Citizen , April 3 Ashville, North Carolina,
  • 1930 . “This is What They're Saying,” . April 28 1930 “This is What They're Saying” file, MPA
  • Scranton , Pennsylvania . Sun , April 2
  • 1930 . Tribune , April 15 Chicago
  • 1930 . Tribune , April 15 Chicago
  • 1930 . Washington Post , April 1
  • 1930 . Democrat , April 3 Johnstown, Pennsylvania,
  • 1930 . Evening Bulletin , April 2 Philadelphia
  • Marquette , Michigan . 1930 . Journal , April 5
  • 1930 . Congressional Record, , March 25 : 6105 – 6 .
  • 1930 . “This is What They're Saying,” . June 16

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.