References
- Abdullah, A., & Pedersen, P. B. (2003). Understanding multicultural Malaysia: Delights, puzzles, & irritations. Pearson Prentice Hall.
- Adamis, D., Petmeza, I., McCarthy, G., & Tsamparli, A. (2016). Psychometric evaluation of the Greek version of Mc Master Family Assessment Device (FAD). European Psychiatry, 33(S1), S236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.591
- Adams, D. M., Overholser, J. C., & Lehnert, K. L. (1994). Perceived family functioning and adolescent suicidal behavior. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(4), 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199405000-00008
- Arbuckle, J. (2003). Amos 5.0 update to the Amos user’s guide. Marketing Department, SPSS Incorporated.
- Commissioner of Law Revision. (2010). Federal constitution. http://www.agc.gov.my/agcportal/uploads/files/Publications/FC/FEDERAL%20CONSTITUTION%20ULANG%20CETAK%202016.pdf
- Barroilhet, S., Cano-Prous, A., Cervera-Enguix, S., Forjaz, M. J., & Guillén-Grima, F. (2009). A Spanish version of the family assessment device. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44(12), 1051–1065. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-009-0022-8
- Bartlett, M. (1950). Tests of significance in factor analysis. British Journal of Statistical Psychology, 3(2), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8317.1950.tb00285.x
- Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 588. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588
- Bitter, J. R. (2013). Theory and practice of family therapy and counseling. Brooks/Cole,Cengage Learning.
- Bogels, S. M., & Brechman-Toussaint, M. L. (2006). Family issues in child anxiety: Attachment, family functioning, parental rearing and beliefs. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(7), 834–856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.08.001
- Bowen, M. (1993). Family therapy in clinical practice. Jason Aronson.
- Chang, A. M., Chau, J. P., & Holroyd, E. (1999). Translation of questionnaire and issues of equivalence. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 29(2), 316–322. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.00891.x
- Chen, J., Kennedy, C., Kools, S., Slaughter, R. E., Franck, L., Kong, S. K. F., & Wong, T. K. S. (2003). Culturally appropriate family assessment: Analysis of the family assessment device in the pediatric Chinese population. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 11(1), 41–60. https://doi.org/10.1891/jnum.11.1.41.52063
- Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2017, April 28). Labor force survey report malaysia 2016 [Report]. https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/ cthemeByCat&cat=126&bul_id=aEdIelhlVTBtOHhjOUxqcXhyc2pCUT09&menu_id=U3VPMldoYUxzVzFaYmNkWXZteGduZz09
- Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2018a, December 17). Labor force survey report Malaysia 2018 [Report]. https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/
- Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2018b, April 27). Labor force survey report Malaysia 2017 [Report]. https://dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/ cthemeByCat&cat=126&bul_id=ekU0SG1yQk1wcExKUDhvN2RHTlhjZz09&menu_id=U3VPMldoYUxzVzFaYmNkWXZteGduZz09
- Desa, A., Yusooff, F., Ahmad Zamani, Z., Abdul Kadir, N. B., & Mohamed Sani, M. N. (2015). Kemahiran Keibubapaan Kefungsian Keluarga Dan Kesejahteraan Psikologi dalam Kalangan Ibubapa. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 29(2), 32–42. http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10068/1/156-581-1-PB.pdf
- Epstein, N. B., Ryan, C. E., Bishop, D. S., Miller, I. W., & Keitner, G. I. (2003). The McMaster Model: A view of healthy family functioning. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes. Growing diversity and complexity (3rd ed., pp. 581–607). Guildford.
- Figley, C. R., & Nelson, T. S. (1990). Basic family therapy skills, II: Structural family therapy. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 16(3), 225–239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.1990.tb00845.x
- Ghani, S. A., Ahmad Zamani, Z., Ab Rahman, R. M., Zainal, A., & Wan Sulaiman, W. S. (2008). Family functioning and its relation with self-esteem among drug addicts. Malaysian Anti-Drugs Journal (Jurnal Antidadah Malaysia), 3(1), 91–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(75)90498-2
- Gladding, S. (2015). Family therapy: History, theory, and practice (6th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
- Grimm, L. G., & Yarnold, P. R. (1995). Reading and understanding multivariate statistics. American Psychological Association.
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Pearson.
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
- Hew, C. S. (2003). The impact of urbanization on family structure: The experience of Sarawak, Malaysia. Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia, 18(1), 89–109. https://doi.org/10.1355/SJ18-1C
- Hohashi, N., & Honda, J. (2011). Development of the Concentric Sphere Family Environment Model and CompanionTools for Culturally Congruent Family Assessment. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 22(4),350–361. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659611414200
- Hohashi, N., & Honda, J. (2012). Development and testing of the Survey of Family Environment (SFE): A novel instrument to measure family functioning and needs for family support. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 20(3), 212–229. https://doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.20.3.212
- Honda, J., Hohashi, N., & Leung, S. K. (2016). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Survey of Family Environment (SFE). Open Journal of Nursing, 6(9), 820–832. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojn.2016.69081
- Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
- Jalal, F. H. (2005). Family functioning and adolescent delinquency in Malaysia [Doctoral dissertation]. Iowa State University.
- Jalal, F. H. (2005). Family functioning and adolescent delinquency in Malaysia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Iowa State University. 1742. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/1742.
- Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
- Keitner, G. I., & Miller, I. W. (1990). Family functioning and major depression: An overview. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 147(9), 1128–1137. https://doi:10.1176/ajp.147.9.1128.
- Kennedy, C., Kools, S., Kong, S. K. F., Chen, J. L., Franck, L., & Wong, T. K. S. (2004). Behavioural, emotional and family functioning of hospitalized children in China and Hong Kong. International Nursing Review, 51(1), 34–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2003.00204.x
- Kim, H. S., & Kim, H. S. (2007). Development of a family dynamic environment scale for Korean adolescents. Public Health Nursing, 24(4), 372–381. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2007.00646.x
- Kline, T. (2005). Psychological testing: A practical approach to design and evaluation. Sage Publications, Inc.
- Kling, Z. (1995). The Malay family: Beliefs and realities. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 26(1), 43–66. https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.26.1.43
- Lewandowski, A. S., Palermo, T. M., Stinson, J., Handley, S., & Chambers, C. T. (2010). Systematic review of family functioning in families of children and adolescents with chronic pain. The Journal of Pain, 11(11), 1027–1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2010.04.005
- Laghezza, L., Delvecchio, E., Pazzagli, C., & Mazzeschi, C. (2014). The Family Assessment Measure III (FAM III) in an Italian sample. BPA-Applied Psychology Bulletin (Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata), 62(269), 17–28. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262116337_The_family_assessment_measure_III_FAM_III_in_an_Italian_sample
- Madanes, C. (1981). Strategic family therapy. Jossey Bass.
- Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11(3), 320–341. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1103_2
- Md Khalid, N. (2016). Kesan kefungsian keluarga asal, pembezaan kendiri, dan sikap terhadap peranan gender ke atas kualiti perkahwinan [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Malaya. http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/6300/2/PHB100006_-_ALL.pdf
- Mind Garden, Inc. (2019). Family environment scale. Menlo Park, CA: Mind Garden, Inc. https://www.mindgarden.com/96-family-environment-scale#horizontalTab4
- Minuchin, S. (1974). Families and family therapy. Harvard University Press.
- Ng, K. S. (1998). Family therapy in Malaysia: An update. Contemporary Family Therapy, 20(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025036600703
- Nichols, M. P. (2016). Family therapy: Concepts and methods (11th ed.). Pearson Education.
- Omar, K., Musa, R., Hanif, J., Muhammad, N. A., Bujang, A., & Fadhlullah, F. M. (2010). Reliability of Bahasa Malaysia version of Family Environment Scale (FES) and its measurement issues. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 11(1), 44–55. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/541e/4aced55d963633ca0158218671dd98af9b2c.pdf
- Onwuka, C. C., & Nwosuji, E. (2015). The implication of working mothers on the wellbeing of the children. Nsukka Journal of the Humanities, 23(2), 118–130. http://www.oer.unn.edu.ng/read/nsukka-journal-of-the-humanitiesvol-23-no2-the-implication-of-working-mothers-on-the-wellbeing-ofthe-children?rdr=1
- Pallant, J. F. (2007). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS (3rd ed.). Open University Press.
- Pellerone, M., Ramaci, T., Parrello, S., Guariglia, P., & Giaimo, F. (2017). Psychometric properties and validation of the Italian version of the family assessment measure third edition–short version–in a nonclinical sample. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 10, 69–77. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S128313
- Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
- Pritchett, R., Kemp, J., Wilson, P., Minnis, H., Bryce, G., & Gillberg, C. (2011). Quick, simple measures of family relationships for use in clinical practice and research. A systematic review. Family Practice, 28(2), 172–187. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmq080
- Reiter, M. D., & Green, S. (2014). Milan systemic family therapy. Pearson.
- Roncone, R., Rossi, L., Muiere, E., Impallomeni, M., Matteucci, M., Giacomelli, R., Tonietti, G., & Casacchia, M. (1998). The Italian version of the family assessment device. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 33(9), 451–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001270050079
- Salkin, N. J. (2007). Encyclopedia of measurement and statistics. SAGE Publications, Inc.
- Satir, V. M. (1972). People making. Science and Behavior.
- Seponski, D. M., Bermudez, J. M., & Lewis, D. C. (2013). Creating culturally responsive family therapy models and research: Introducing the use of responsive evaluation as a method. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 39(1), 28–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2011.00282.x
- Shek, D. T. L. (1997). The relation of family functioning to adolescent psychological well-being, school adjustment, and problem behavior. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 158(4), 467–479. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221329709596683
- Shek, D. T. L. (1998). A longitudinal study of the relationship between family functioning and adolescent psychological well-being. Journal of Youth Studies, 1(2), 195–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.1998.10593006
- Shek, D. T. L. (2002a). Assessment of family functioning in Chinese adolescents: The Chinese family assessment instrument. International Perception on Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 20, 297–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1874-5911(02)80013-6
- Shek, D. T. L. (2002b). Assessment of family functioning in Chinese adolescents: The Chinese version of the family assessment device. Research on Social Work Practice, 12(4), 502–524. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731502012004003
- Shek, D. T. L. (2005). A longitudinal study of perceived family functioning and adolescent adjustment in Chinese adolescents with economic disadvantage. Journal of Family Issues, 26(4), 518–543. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X04272618
- Siu, A. M., & Shek, D. T. (2005). Psychometric properties of the Chinese familly assessment instrument in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. Adolescence, 40(160), 817–830. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16468674/
- Speranza, M., Guénolé, F., Revah-Levy, A., Egler, P. J., Negadi, F., Falissard, B., & Baleyte, J. M. (2012). The French version of the family assessment device. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 57(9), 570–577. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674371205700908
- Sumari, M. (2006). Family functioning and career decision-making self-efficacy: A study of first year Malaysian undergraduate students [Doctoral dissertation]. Western Michigan University.
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2014). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson.
- Unit Pusat Universiti. (2019, December 17). Syarat am UPU program lepasan SPM/STPM & Setaraf (UPU general requirement for SPM/STPM & equivalent). Putrajaya: Minsitry of Higher Education. https://www.infoupu.com/syarat-am-upu-program-lepasan-spm-stpm/
- Van Campen, K. S., & Russell, S. T. (2010). Cultural differences in parenting practices: What Asian American families can teach us. Frances McClelland Institute for Children, Youth, and Families Research Link, 2(1), 1-4. https://mcclellandinstitute.arizona.edu/sites/ mcclellandinsti tute.arizona.edu/files/ResearchLink_2 (1), 1-4. Russell_AsianFam.pdf
- Walsh, F. (2003). Changing families in a changing world: Reconstructing family normality. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes. Growing diversity and complexity (3rd ed., pp. 3–26). Guildford.
- Wan Zulkifli, W. N., Ishak, N. A., & Mat Saad, Z. (2017). The reliability of McMaster Family Assessment Device (Fad) instruments among delinquent teenagers. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 22(7), 5. www.iosrjounals.org
- Wo, S. W., Lai, P. S. M., Ong, L. C., Low, W. Y., Wu, D. B. C., Nathan, A. M., & Wong, C. P. (2018). Factorial validation of the Chinese General Functioning subscale (Gf-12) of the family assessment device in Malaysia. Journal of Health and Translational Medicine (JUMMEC), 21(2), 23-30. https://jummec.um.edu.my/article/view/15433