Exploring the Dimensional Relationships among Image Formation Agents, Destination Image, and Place Attachment from the Perspectives of Pop Star Fans

REFERENCES

• Aaker, D., & Stayman, D. (1990). Measuring audience perception of commercials and relating them to ad impact. Journal of Advertising Research, 30(4), 7–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhemoud, A., & Armstrong, E. (1996). Image of tourism attractions in Kuwait. Journal of Travel Research, 34(4), 76–80. doi:10.1177/004728759603400413
   Google Scholar
• Altman, I., & Low, S. M. (1992). Place attachment (Vol. 12). New York, NY: Plenum Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baloglu, S., & Brinberg, D. (1997). Affective images of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 35, 11–15.
   Google Scholar
• Baloglu, S., & McCleary, K. (1999). A model of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26, 868–897. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00030-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beerli, A., & Martín, J. D. (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657–681. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2004.01.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentler, P. M. (2008). Structural equation modeling with EQS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bigné, J. E., Sánchez, M. I., & Sánchez, J. (2001). Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behaviour: Inter-relationship. Tourism Management, 22(6), 607–616. doi:10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00035-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramwell, B., & Rawding, L. (1996). Tourism marketing images of industrial cities. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(1), 201–221. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(95)00061-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, S., & Stayman, D. (1992). Antecedents and consequences of attitude toward the ad: A meta analysis. The Journal of Consumer Research, 19(1), 34–51. doi:10.1086/209284
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burgess, J. A. (1978). Image and identity. Occasional Papers in Geography, No. 23. University of Hull Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Byon, K. K., & Zhang, J. J. (2010). Development of a scale measuring destination image. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 28(4), 508–532. doi:10.1108/02634501011053595
   Google Scholar
• Byrne, B. (2006). Structural equation modeling with EQS: Basic concepts, applications and programming (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, T. T., Nicholson, J. D., & Kitchen, P. J. (2006). The importance of social bonding and loyalty: An empirical investigation within UK private health clubs. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 14(1), 49–73. doi:10.1300/J150v14n01_04
   Google Scholar
• Cha, F. (2013, April 29). Psy named South Korea tourism ambassador. CNN Travel. Retrieved from http://travel.cnn.com/psy-named-korea-tourism-ambassador-877941
   Google Scholar
• Chen, C. F., & Tsai, D. C. (2007). How destination image and evaluative factors affect behavioral intentions? Tourism Management, 28, 1115–1122. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2006.07.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chon, K. S. (1991). Tourism destination image modification process: Marketing implications. Tourism Management, 12, 68–72. doi:10.1016/0261-5177(91)90030-W
   Google Scholar
• Costello, A. B., & Osborne, J. W. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation, 10(7), Retrieved from http://pareonline.net/pdf/v10n7.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Court, B., & Lupton, R. A. (1997). Customer portfolio development: Modeling destination adopters, inactives, and rejecters. Journal of Travel Research, 36(1), 35–43. doi:10.1177/004728759703600106
   Google Scholar
• Crompton, J. L., & Ankomah, P. K. (1993). Choice set propositions in destination decisions. Annals of Tourism Research, 20(3), 461–476. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(93)90003-L
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crompton, J. L. (1979). An assessment of the image of Mexico as a vacation destination and the influence of geographical location upon that image. Journal of Travel Research, 17(4), 18–23. doi:10.1177/004728757901700404
   Google Scholar
• Custódio, M., & Gouveia, P. M. (2007). Evaluation of the cognitive image of a country/destination by the media during the coverage of mega-events: The case of UEFA EURO 2004TM in Portugal. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9, 285–296. doi:10.1002/jtr.615
   Google Scholar
• Davidoff, P., & Davidoff, D. S. (1983). Sales and marketing for travel and tourism. Rapid City, SD: National Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Eisenhauer, B. W., Krannich, R. S., & Blahna, D. J. (2000). Attachments to special places on public lands: An analysis of activities, reason for attachments, and community connections. Society and Natural Resources, 13, 421–441.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekinci, Y. (2003). From destination image to destination branding: An emerging area of research. E-Review of Tourism Research (eRTR), 1(2), 21–24.
   Google Scholar
• Feeney, J. A. (2004). Transfer of attachment from parents to romantic partners: Effects of individual and relationship variables. Journal of Family Studies, 10(2), 220–238. doi:10.5172/jfs.327.10.2.220
   Google Scholar
• Gartner, W. C. (1989). Tourism image: Attribute measurement of state tourism products using multidimensional scaling techniques. Journal of Travel Research, 28(2), 16–20. doi:10.1177/004728758902800205
   Google Scholar
• Gartner, W. C. (1994). Image formation process. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 2, 191–216. doi:10.1300/J073v02n02_12
   Google Scholar
• Gartner, W. C., & Shen, J. (1992). The impact of Tiananmen square on China’s tourism image. Journal of Travel Research, 30(4), 47–52. doi:10.1177/004728759203000407
   Google Scholar
• Glover, P. (2009). Celebrity endorsement in tourism advertising: Effects on destination image. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 16, 16–23. doi:10.1375/jhtm.16.1.16
   Google Scholar
• Govers, R., Go, F. M., & Kumar, K. (2007). Promoting tourism destination image. Journal of Travel Research, 46, 15–23. doi:10.1177/0047287507302374
   Google Scholar
• Green, A. E., & White, R. J. (2007). Attachment to place, social networks, mobility and prospects of young people. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Gunn, C. (1972). Vacationscape: Designing tourist regions. Austin: Bureau of Business Research, University of Texas.
   Google Scholar
• Hammitt, W. E., Backlund, E. A., & Bixler, R. D. (2006). Place bonding for recreation places: Conceptual and empirical development. Leisure Studies, 25(1), 17–41. doi:10.1080/02614360500098100
   Google Scholar
• Hammitt, W. E., Kyle, G. T., & Oh, C. O. (2009). Comparison of place bonding models in recreation resource management. Journal of Leisure Research, 41(1), 57–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanefors, M., & Mossberg, L. (2002). TV travel shows — A pre-taste of the destination. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 8(3), 235–246. doi:10.1177/135676670200800303
   Google Scholar
• Holbrook, M. B. (1978). Beyond attitude structure: Toward the informational determinants of attitude. Journal of Marketing Research, 15(4), 545–556. doi:10.2307/3150624
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holloway, J., & Robinson, C. (1995). Marketing for tourism (3rd ed.). Harlow: Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Hou, J., Lin, C., & Morais, D. B. (2005). Antecedents of attachment to a cultural tourism destination: The case of Hakka and non-Hakka Taiwanese visitors to Pei-pu, Taiwan. Journal of Travel Research, 44(2), 221–233. doi:10.1177/0047287505278988
   Google Scholar
• Ilbo, D. (2005, January 31). A 40% increase of foreign tourists in ‘Hallyu’ featured destinations in Gangwon Province. Seoul: Korea Tourism Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, O. H. (1999). Understanding and measuring tourist destination images. International Journal of Tourism Research, 1(1), 1–15. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1522-1970(199901/02)1:1<1::AID-JTR143>3.0.CO;2-L
   Google Scholar
• Jorgensen, B. S., & Stedman, R. C. (2001). Sense of place as an attitude: Lakeshore owners’ attitudes toward their properties. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 233–248. doi:10.1006/jevp.2001.0226
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keaveney, S. M., & Hunt, K. A. (1992). Conceptualization and operationalization of retail store image: A case of rival middle-level theories. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 20(2), 165–175. doi:10.1007/BF02723456
   Google Scholar
• Kim, H., & Richardson, S. (2003). Motion picture impacts on destination images. Annals of Tourism Research, 30, 216–237. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00062-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, S., Agrusa, J., Lee, H., & Chon, K. (2007). Effects of Korean television dramas on the flow of Japanese tourists. Tourism Management, 28, 1340–1353. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2007.01.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y. (2011, June 13). K-pop drives Hallyu craze: Survey. The Korea Herald. Retrieved from http://www.koreaherald.com/entertainment/Detail.jsp?newsMLId =20110613000731
   Google Scholar
• Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kotler, P., Haider, D., & Rein, I. (1993). Marketing Asian places: Attracting investment, industry, and tourism to cities, states, and nations. New York, NY: The Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kyle, G., Graefe, A., & Manning, R. (2005). Testing the dimensionality of place attachment in recreational settings. Environment and Behavior, 37(2), 153–177. doi:10.1177/0013916504269654
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyle, G. T., Mowen, A. J., & Tarrant, M. (2004). Linking place preferences with place meaning: An examination of the relationship between place motivation and place attachment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 439–454. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2004.11.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang, A. (1994). Measuring psychological responses to media messages. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, S. (2012). From fandom to tourism: Self-expansion theory (Doctoral dissertation). University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Retrieved from http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2590&context=thesesdissertations
   Google Scholar
• Lee, S., Scott, D., & Kim, H. (2008). Celebrity fan involvement and destination perceptions. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(3), 809–832. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2008.06.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, T. H. (2011). How recreation involvement, place attachment and conservation commitment affect environmentally responsible behavior. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(7), 895–915. doi:10.1080/09669582.2011.570345
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, K. (1960). The image of the city. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
   Google Scholar
• MacKay, K., & Fesenmaier, D. (1997). Pictorial element of destination in image formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 24, 537–565. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00011-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcouyeux, A., & Fleury-Bahi, G. (2011). Place-identity in a school setting: Effects of the place image. Environment and Behavior, 43(3), 344–362. doi:10.1177/0013916509352964
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayo, E. J., & Jarvis, L. P. (1981). The psychology of leisure travel. Boston, MA: CBI.
   Google Scholar
• Mazursky, D., & Jacoby, J. (1986). Exploring the development of store images. Journal of Retailing, 62(2), 145–165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAndrew, F. T. (1998). The measurement of ‘rootedness’ and the prediction of attachment to home-towns in college students. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18(4), 409–417. doi:10.1006/jevp.1998.0078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCracken, G. (1989). Who is the celebrity endorser? Cultural foundations of the endorsement process. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(3), 310–320. doi:10.1086/209217
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milman, A., & Pizam, A. (1995). The role of awareness and familiarity with a destination: The central Florida case. Journal of Travel Research, 33(3), 21–27. doi:10.1177/004728759503300304
   Google Scholar
• Moore, R. L., & Graefe, A. (1994). Attachments to recreation settings: The case of rail‐trail users. Leisure Sciences, 16(1), 17–31. doi:10.1080/01490409409513214
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, R. L., & Scott, D. (2003). Place attachment and context: Comparing a park and a trail within. Forest Science, 49(6), 877–884.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicoletta, R., & Servidio, R. (2012). Tourists’ opinions and their selection of tourism destination images: An affective and motivational evaluation. Tourism Management Perspectives, 4, 19–27. doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2012.04.004
   Google Scholar
• Palacio, A., Meneses, G., & Pérez, P. (2002). The configuration of the university image and its relationship with the satisfaction of students. Journal of Educational Administration, 40, 486–505. doi:10.1108/09578230210440311
   Google Scholar
• Prayag, G., & Ryan, C. (2012). Antecedents of tourists’ loyalty to Mauritius: The role and influence of destination image, place attachment, personal involvement, and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 51(3), 342–356. doi:10.1177/0047287511410321
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Proshansky, H. M. (1978). The city and self-identity. Environment and Behavior, 10(2), 147–169. doi:10.1177/0013916578102002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramkissoon, H., Smith, L. D., & Weiler, B. (2013). Relationships between place attachment, place satisfaction and pro-environmental behaviour in an Australian national park. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(3), 434–457. doi:10.1080/09669582.2012.708042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reibstein, D. J., Lovelock, C. H., & Dobson, R. P. (1980). The direction of causality between perceptions, affect, and behavior: An application to travel behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 6, 370–376. doi:10.1086/208780
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russel, J. A., & Pratt, G. (1980). A description of the affective quality attributed to environments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 311–322. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.38.2.311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russel, J. A., Ward, L. M., & Pratt, G. (1981). Affective quality attributed to environments: A factor analytic study. Environment and Behavior, 13(3), 259–288. doi:10.1177/0013916581133001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2010a). Defining place attachment: A tripartite organizing framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(1), 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.09.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2010b). The relations between natural and civic place attachment and pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 289–297. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schreyer, R., Jacob, G., & White, R. (1981). Environmental meaning as a determinant of spatial behavior in recreation. In J. Frazier, & B. Epstein (Eds.), Proceedings of the applied geography conferences (pp. 294–300). Kent, OH: Kent State University.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, J., Siderelis, C., & Moore, R. (2010). The effect of place attachment, hypothetical site modifications and use levels on recreation behavior. Journal of Leisure Research, 42(4), 621–640.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern, E., & Krakover, S. (1993). The formation of a composite urban image. Geographical Analysis, 25, 130–146. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1993.tb00285.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tasci, A. D., Gartner, W. C., & Cavusgil, S. T. (2007). Conceptualization and operationalization of destination image. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 31(2), 194–223. doi:10.1177/1096348006297290
   Google Scholar
• van der Veen, R. (2008). Analysis of the implementation of celebrity endorsement as a destination marketing instrument. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 24(2–3), 213–222. doi: 10.1080/10548400802092841
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veasna, S., Wu, W. Y., & Huang, C. H. (2013). The impact of destination source credibility on destination satisfaction: The mediating effects of destination attachment and destination image. Tourism Management, 36, 511–526. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walmsley, D., & Young, M. (1998). Evaluative images and tourism: The use of personal constructs to describe the structure of destination images. Journal of Travel Research, 36(3), 65–69. doi:10.1177/004728759803600307
   Google Scholar
• Wang, L. H., Weng, T. S., & Yeh, S. S. (2011). A study of the relationship among experience value, destination image and place attachment. African Journal of Business Management, 5(26), 10869–10877.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, D. R., Anderson, B. S., McDonald, C. D., & Patterson, M.E. (1995). Measuring place attachment: More preliminary results. In V. Freysinger & P. Stokowski (Eds.), Abstract: 1995 Symposium on leisure research (pp. 78–83). Arlington, VA: National Recreation and Park Association.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, D. R., & Vaska, J. J. (2003). The measurement of place attachment: Validity and generalizability of a psychometric approach. Forest Science, 49(6), 830–840.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, J. Y., & Lai, T. C. (2013). Celebrity attachment and behavioral intentions: The mediating role of place attachment. International Journal of Tourism Research, Advanced online publication. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jtr.1974/full
   Google Scholar
• Yen, C. H., & Teng, H. Y. (2013). Celebrity involvement, perceived value, and behavioral intentions in popular media-induced tourism. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 2, 1–20.
   Google Scholar
• Yoon, Y., & Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: A structural model. Tourism Management, 26, 45–56. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young, M. (1999). The social construction of tourist places. Australian Geographer, 30(3), 373–389. doi:10.1080/00049189993648
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar