Dynamics of a Forest Submitted to Logging in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

References

• Amaral, M. R., Lima, A. J., Higuchi, F. G., Dos Santos, J., & Higuchi, N. (2019). Dynamics of tropical forest twenty-five years after experimental logging in central amazon mature forest. Forests, 10(2), 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/f10020089
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asner, G. P., Keller, M., Lentini, M., Merry, F., & Souza, C., Jr. (2009). Selective logging and its relation to deforestation. In M. Keller, M. Bustamante, J. Gash, & O. S. Dias (Eds.), Amazonia and Global Change (pp. 25–42). American Geophysical Union.
   Google Scholar
• Baker, T. R., Phillips, O. L., Laurance, W. F., Pitman, N. C., Almeida, S., Arroyo, L., Laurance, S. G., Erwin, T., Higuchi, N., Killeen, T. J., Laurance, S. G., Nascimento, H., Monteagudo, A., Neill, D. A., Silva, J. N. M., Malhi, Y., López Gonzalez, G., Peacock, J., Quesada, C. A., … Lloyd, J. (2009). Do species traits determine patterns of wood production in Amazonian forests? Biogeosciences, 6(2), 297–307. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-297-2009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beisner, B. E., Haydon, D. T., & Cuddinton, K. (2003). Alternative stable states in ecology. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 1(7), 376–382. https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2003)001[0376:ASSIE]2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bicknell, J. E., Struebig, M. J., & Davies, Z. G. (2015). Reconciling timber extraction with biodiversity conservation in tropical forests using reduced‐impact logging. Journal of Applied Ecology, 52(2), 379–388. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12391
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bicknell, J. E., Struebig, M. J., Edwards, D. P., & Davies, Z. G. (2014). Improved timber harvest techniques maintain biodiversity in tropical forests. Current Biology, 24(23), R1119–R1120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.10.067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borner, J., Baylis, K., Corbera, E., Ezzine-de-blas, D., Ferraro, P. J., Honey-Rosés, J., Wunder, S., Persson, U. M., & Wunder, S. (2016). Emerging evidence on the effectiveness of tropical forest conservation. PloS one, 11(11), 11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brancalion, P. H., De Almeida, D. R., Vidal, E., Molin, P. G., Sontag, V. E., Souza, S. E., & Schulze, M. D. (2018). Fake legal logging in the Brazilian Amazon. Science Advances, 4(8), eaat1192. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat1192
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braz, E. M., Schneider, P. R., De Mattos, P. P., Selle, G. L., Thaines, F., Ribas, L. A., & Vuaden, E. (2012). Taxa de corte sustentável para manejo das florestas tropicais. Ciência Florestal, 22(1), 137–145. https://www.scielo.br/j/cflo/a/LXNGyH3NwWgrmRxRkwtw99R/?format=pdf&lang=pt
   Google Scholar
• Carvalho, J. D., Silva, J. N. M., & Lopes, J. C. A. (2004). Crescimento de uma floresta de terra firme na Amazônia brasileira em um período de oito anos após a exploração florestal. Acta Amazônica, 34(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672004000200009
   Google Scholar
• Chazdon, R. (2012). Regeneração de florestas tropicais Tropical forest regeneration. Boletim Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi de Ciencias Naturais, 7(3), 195–218. https://doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v7i3.587
   Google Scholar
• Darrigo, M. R., Venticinque, E. M., & Dos Santos, F. A. M. (2016). Effects of reduced impact logging on the forest regeneration in the central Amazonia. Forest Ecology and Management, 360, 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.10.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Avila, A. L., Araujo, M. M., Gasparin, E., & Longhi, S. J. (2013). Mecanismos de regeneração natural em remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista, RS, Brasil. Cerne, 19(4), 621–628. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-77602013000400012
   Google Scholar
• Dionisio, L. F. S., Schwartz, G., Do Carmo, L. J., & De Assis Oliveira, F. (2018). Growth, mortality, and recruitment of tree species in an Amazonian rainforest over 13 years of reduced impact logging. Forest Ecology and Management, 430, 150–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.08.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dionisio, L. F. S., Schwartz, G., Mazzei, L., Do Carmo, L. J., Dos Santos, G. G. A., & De Assis Oliveira, F. (2017). Mortality of stocking commercial trees after reduced impact logging in eastern Amazonia. Forest Ecology and Management, 401, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.06.060
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards, D. P., Tobias, J. A., Sheil, D., Meijaard, E., & Laurance, W. F. (2014). Maintaining ecosystem function and services in logged tropical forests. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 29(9), 511–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2014.07.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EMBRAPA (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária). (2008). Zoneamento ecológico-econômico da área de influência da rodovia BR-163 (Cuiabá-Santarém). https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/91293/1/Fd422.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Fearnside, P. M. (2017). Deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia. In E. Wohl (Ed.), Oxford Bibliographies in environmental science. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199363445-0064
   Google Scholar
• Fontes, C. G., Chambers, J. Q., & Higuchi, N. (2018). Revealing the causes and temporal distribution of tree mortality in Central Amazonia. Forest Ecology and Management, 424, 177–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.05.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francez, L. M. D. B., Carvalho, J. O. P. D., Jardim, F. C. D. S., Quanz, B., & Pinheiro, K. A. O. (2009). Efeito de duas intensidades de colheita de madeira na estrutura de uma floresta natural na região de Paragominas, Pará. Acta Amazônica, 39(4), 851–863. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672009000400014
   Google Scholar
• Fredericksen, T. S., & Pariona, W. (2002). Effect of skidder disturbance on commercial tree regeneration in logging gaps in a Bolivian tropical forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 171(3), 223–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00767-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Fernandez, C., Ruiz-Perez, M., & Wunder, S. (2008). Is multiple-use forest management widely implementable in the tropics? Forest Ecology and Management, 256(7), 1468–1476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.04.029
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson, L., Lee, T. M., Koh, L. P., Brook, B. W., Gardner, T. A., Barlow, J., Sodhi, N. S., Bradshaw, C. J. A., Laurance, W. F., Lovejoy, T. E., & Sodhi, N. S. (2011). Primary forests are irreplaceable for sustaining tropical biodiversity. Nature, 478(7369), 378. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomes, C. V. A., Vadjunec, J. M., & Perz, S. G. (2012). Rubber tapper identities: Political-economic dynamics, livelihood shifts, and environmental implications in a changing Amazon. Geoforum, 43(2), 260–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2011.09.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gourlet-Fleury, S., Mortier, F., Fayolle, A., Baya, F., Ouédraogo, D., Bénédet, F., & Picard, N. (2013). Tropical forest recovery from logging: A 24-year silvicultural experiment from Central Africa. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 368(1625), 20120302. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guariguata, M. R., Sist, P., & Nasi, R. (2012). Reprint of: Multiple use management of tropical production forests: How can we move from concept to reality? Forest Ecology and Management, 268, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.12.047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hecht, S. B. (2013). The scramble for the Amazon and the “Lost Paradise” of Euclides da Cunha. The University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hirai, E. H., Carvalho, C. J. R., Silva, J. N. M., Carvalho, J. O. P., & Queiroz, W. T. (2012). Efeito da exploração florestal de impacto reduzido sobre a regeneração natural em uma floresta densa de terra firme no município de Paragominas na Amazônia brasileira. Scientia Forestalis, 40(95), 306–315. https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/bitstream/doc/1124650/1/cap01.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245
   Google Scholar
• Hurst, J. M., Allen, R. B., Coomes, D. A., & Duncan, R. P. (2011). Size-specific tree mortality varies with neighbourhood crowding and disturbance in a montane Nothofagus forest. PloS One, 6(10), 10. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0026670
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística). (2012). Manual técnico da vegetação brasileira (segund. ed ed.). Rio de Janeiro.
   Google Scholar
• Itto, F. A. O. (2011). The state of forests in the Amazon Basin, Congo Basin and Southeast Asia. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and International Tropical Timber Organization, 1–83. https://www.fao.org/3/i2247e/i2247e00.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Jardim, F. C. S. (2015). Natural regeneration in tropical forests. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, Amazonian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 58(1), 105–113. http://btcc.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/article/view/1676/603
   Google Scholar
• Jardim, F. C. S., Sena, J. R. C., & Miranda, I. S. (2008). Dinâmica e estrutura da vegetação com DAP≥ 5 cm em torno de clareiras da exploração florestal seletiva, em Moju Pará. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, Belém, 49(1), 41–52. http://200.129.150.26/index.php/ajaes/article/view/223/102
   Google Scholar
• Köppen, W., & Geiger, R. (1936). Classificação climática de Köppen.
   Google Scholar
• Kuswandi, R. (2014). The effect of silvicultural treatment on stand growth of logged-over forest in South Papua. Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 1(2), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2014.1.2.117-126
   Google Scholar
• Larson, A. J., & Franklin, J. F. (2010). The tree mortality regime in temperate old-growth coniferous forests: The role of physical damage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 40(11), 2091–2103. https://doi.org/10.1139/X10-149
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lima, B. A., De Almeida, B. R. S., De Sousa, E. A. B., Da Silva, C. G., Melo, M. B., De Oliveira, M. L., & Dos Santos, M. F. (2018). Estrutura e dinâmica florestal sob efeito do manejo madeireiro na FLONA Tapajós. Advances in Forestry Science, 5(4), 437–443 https://periodicoscientificos.ufmt.br/ojs/index.php/afor/article/view/5984.
   Google Scholar
• Lopes, E., Soares-Filho, B., Souza, F., Rajão, R., Merry, F., & Ribeiro, S. C. (2019). Mapping the socio-ecology of Non Timber Forest Products (NTFP) extraction in the Brazilian Amazon: The case of açaí (Euterpe precatoria Mart) in Acre. Landscape and Urban Planning, 188, 110–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MDIC (Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior). (2019). 20 Jan. 2020. Disponível em: http://www.mdic.gov.br/comercio-exterior/estatisticas-de-comercio-exterior/comex-vis/frame-uf-produto?uf=paAcessoem
   Google Scholar
• Medjibe, V. P., & Putz, F. E. (2012). Cost comparisons of reduced‐impact and conventional logging in the tropics. Journal of Forest Economics, 18(3), 242–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfe.2012.05.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miron, A. C., Bezerra, T. G., Nascimento, R. G. M., Emmert, F., Pereira, R. S., & Higuchi, N. (2021). Spatial distribution of six managed tree species is influenced by topography conditions in the Central Amazon. Journal of Environmental Management, 281, 111835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molino, J. F., & Sabatier, D. (2001). Tree diversity in tropical rain forests: A validation of the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Science, 294(5547), 1702–1704. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1060284
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montero-Flores, W., Hernández-Ruz, E. J., Alves-Santos, G. G., De Souza-Miranda, I., & Sánchez-Toruño, H. (2020). Mortalidad y reclutamiento de árboles en un bosque con manejo de impacto reducido en la región oriental de la Amazonia brasileña. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 91. https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2020.91.3053
   Google Scholar
• Moraes, G. C., Schorr, L. P. B., Melo, L. O., Aguiar, J. T., Cuchi, T., Silveira, A. C., Rodrigues, B. L., Bezerra, T. G., Nascimento, E. M., Vendrusculo, E., & Pereira, H. M. L. (2017). Increment, ingrowth and mortality after A forest management activity in the amazon rainforest. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 11(12), 25–31. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55783434/25-31-libre.pdf?1518450924=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DIncrement_Ingrowth_And_Mortality_After_A.pdf&Expires=1645993477&Signature=E2QiE81E7~n~beB7dbhcgltZHOgznIJq9aaHTT4pBeZi2lAjCS~i1Z-Eereu1wTRM3w5NSjDB2wAX5olIi7XFN6LIK9u8DISed7aoj0Ye88pxPWddn0wkmJZW6TN0waIfxTc7enhu6pbQDBBsKmNrSr4OAwDs79PpH3IXlG3-CrjPflwvus4-XwBHpzv~vhHnpJTwXHHNopZQ5j~WXhE37HpXkElqUQQOjsyxw9EBKesixgrHt-ISEb2HOOZIjgMxCyAFpzRwZNpud44puobWIS83l~JP4ez67F~yIRKhUF77oH7tjp8Wl8NobXkt9fuGURKz8GCYPF20bp7RYmV-g__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA
   Google Scholar
• Mueller-Dombois, D., & Ellenberg, H. (1974). Aims and methods of vegetation ecology. Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Oliveira, M. D., Oliveira, L. C., Acuña, M. H. A., & Braz, E. M. (2017). Twenty years monitoring growth dynamics of a logged tropical forest in Western Amazon. Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira, 37(92), 493–502. https://doi.org/10.4336/2017.pfb.37.92.1398
   Google Scholar
• Peña-Claros, M., Fredericksen, T. S., Alarcón, A., Blate, G. M., Choque, U., Leaño, C., Licona, J. C., Mostacedo, B., Pariona, W., Villegas, Z., & Putz, F. E. (2008). Beyond reduced-impact logging: Silvicultural treatments to increase growth rates of tropical trees. Forest Ecology and Management, 256(7), 1458–1467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips, O. L., & Lewis, S. L. (2014). Recent changes in tropical forest biomass and dynamics. Forests and global change. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pinard, M. A., & Putz, F. E. (1996). Retaining forest biomass by reducing logging damage. Biotropica, 28(3), 278–295. https://doi.org/10.2307/2389193
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piponiot, C., Rödig, E., Putz, F. E., Rutishauser, E., Sist, P., Ascarrunz, N., & Coronado, E. H. (2019). Can timber provision from Amazonian production forests be sustainable? Environmental Research Letters, 14(6), 064014. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab195e
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poudyal, B. H., Maraseni, T., & Cockfield, G. (2018). Evolutionary dynamics of selective logging in the tropics: A systematic review of impact studies and their effectiveness in sustainable forest management. Forest Ecology and Management, 430, 166–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.08.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putz, F. E., Sist, P., Fredericksen, T., & Dykstra, D. (2008). Reduced-impact logging: Challenges and opportunities. Forest Ecology and Management, 256(7), 1427–1433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.03.036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putz, F. E., Zuidema, P. A., Synnott, T., Peña‐Claros, M., Pinard, M. A., Sheil, D., Palmer, J., Sist, P., Gourlet-Fleury, S., Griscom, B., Palmer, J., & Zagt, R. (2012). Sustaining conservation values in selectively logged tropical forests: The attained and the attainable. Conservation Letters, 5(4), 296–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-263X.2012.00242.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R Development Core Team., (2018). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria https://www.r-project.org/
   Google Scholar
• Reis, L. P., Dos Reis, P. C. M., Ruschel, A. R., Silva, J. N. M., De Carvalho, J. O. P., De Souza, A. L., Miyahara, R. K. N., & Ninokata Miyahara, R. K. (2015). Forest dynamics in the eastern Amazon with special reference to Sapotaceae species. Floresta, 45(3), 567–576. https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v45i3.35947
   Google Scholar
• Reis, L. P., Ruschel, A. R., Coelho, A. A., Da Luz, A. S., & Martins-da-silva, R. C. V. (2010). Avaliação do potencial madeireiro na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós após 28 anos da exploração florestal. Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira, 30(64), 265. https://doi.org/10.4336/2010.pfb.30.64.265
   Google Scholar
• Reis, L. P., Silva, J. N. M., Dos Reis, P. C. M., De Carvalho, J. O. P., De Queiroz, W. T., & Ruschel, A. R. (2013). Efeito da exploração de impacto reduzido em algumas espécies de Sapotaceae no leste da Amazônia. Floresta, 43(3), 395–406. https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v43i3.30808
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, V. A., Peres, C. A., & Zia, A. (2016). Temporal decay in timber species composition and value in Amazonian logging concessions. PloS One, 11(7), e0159035. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowland, L., Da Costa, A. C. L., Galbraith, D. R., Oliveira, R. S., Binks, O. J., Oliveira, A. A. R., Ferreira, L. V., Doughty, C. E., Metcalfe, D. B., Vasconcelos, S. S., Ferreira, L. V., Malhi, Y., Grace, J., Mencuccini, M., & Meir, P. (2015). Death from drought in tropical forests is triggered by hydraulics not carbon starvation. Nature, 528(7580), 119–122. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawczuk, A. R., Figueiredo Filho, A., Dias, A. N., Watzlawick, L. F., & Stepka, T. F. (2014). Alterações na estrutura horizontal, no período de 2002-2008, em Floresta Ombrófila Mista no centro-sul do estado do Paraná. Ciência florestal, 24(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509813332
   Google Scholar
• Shenkin, A., Bolker, B., Peña-Claros, M., Licona, J. C., & Putz, F. E. (2015). Fates of trees damaged by logging in Amazonian Bolivia. Forest Ecology and Management, 357, 50–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.08.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, J. N. M., Lopes, J., De Oliveira, L. C., Da Silva, S. M. A., De Carvalho, J. O. P., Costa, D. H. M., & Tavares, M. J. M. (2005). Diretrizes para instalação e medição de parcelas permanentes em florestas naturais da Amazônia brasileira. Embrapa/ITTO.
   Google Scholar
• Silva, K. E., Souza, C. R., Azevedo, C. P., & Rossi, L. M. B. (2015). Dinâmica florestal, estoque de carbono e fitossociologia de uma floresta densa de terra-firme na Amazônia Central. Scientia Forestalis, 43(105), 193–201. https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/bitstream/doc/1016281/1/cap19.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Souza, M. A. S., Azevedo, C. P., Souza, C. R., França, M., & Vasconcelos Neto, E. L. (2017). Dinâmica e produção de uma floresta sob regime de manejo sustentável na Amazônia central. Floresta, 47(1), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v47i1.43312
   Google Scholar
• Souza, D. V., De Carvalho, J. O. P., Da Silva, M. F., De Oliveira, M. L., Silva, J. N. M., & Da Silva, J. F. C. (2014). Growth of Manilkara huberi and Manilkara paraensis after logging and silvicultural treatments in the municipality of Paragominas, Pará, Brazil. Floresta, 44(3), 485–496. https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v44i3.29423
   Google Scholar
• Swaine, M. D., Lieberman, D., & Putz, F. E. (1987). The dynamics of tree populations in tropical forest: A review. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 3(4), 359–366. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467400002339
   Google Scholar
• Taffarel, M., Carvalho, J. O. P. D., Melo, L. D. O., Silva, M. G. D., Gomes, J. M., & Ferreira, J. E. R. (2014). EFEITO DA SILVICULTURA PÓS-COLHEITA NA POPULAÇÃO DE Lecythis lurida (Miers) Mori EM UMA FLORESTA DE TERRA FIRME NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA. Ciência Florestal, 24(4), 889–898. https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509816601
   Google Scholar
• Toledo, J. J., Magnusson, W. E., Castilho, C. V., & Nascimento, H. E. (2011). How much variation in tree mortality is predicted by soil and topography in Central Amazonia? Forest Ecology and Management, 262(3), 331–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.03.039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Townsend, C. R., Scarsbrook, M. R., & Dolédec, S. (1997). The intermediate disturbance hypothesis, refugia, and biodiversity in streams. Limnology and Oceanography, 42(5), 938–949. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1997.42.5.0938
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Werf, E., Indrajaya, Y., Mohren, F., & Van Ierland, E. C. (2019). Logging damage and injured tree mortality in tropical forest management. Natural Resource Modeling, 32(4), e12210. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nrm.12210
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vásquez-Grandón, A., Donoso, P. J., & Gerding, V. (2018). Forest degradation: When Is a forest degraded? Forests, 9(11), 726. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9110726
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vatraz, S., De Carvalho, J. O. P., Silva, J. N. M., & Castro, T. D. C. (2016). Effect of the reduced impact exploration on growth dynamics of a natural forest. Scientia Forestalis, 44(109), 261–271. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20163197369
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vinhote, E. G., Freitas, F. C. D., Azevedo, C. P. D., & Souza, C. R. D. (2020). Diversity and similarity of species of natural regeneration after logging in commercially managed forest in Central Amazon. Ciência Florestal, 30(4), 1116–1129. https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509841881
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The World Bank. (2006). Cambodia - forest concession management and control pilot project. Inspection Panel Investigation Report. Investigation Report. Report. 35556. Acesso em 09 Jan. 2020. Disponível em: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/pt/206011468231848248/Cambodia-Forest-Concession-Management-and-Control-Pilot-Project-Inspection-Panel-Investigation-Report
   Google Scholar
• Wright, S. J., Kitajima, K., Kraft, N. J., Reich, P. B., Wright, I. J., Bunker, D. E., Engelbrecht, B. M., Dalling, J. W., Davies, S. J., Díaz, S., Engelbrecht, B. M. J., Harms, K. E., Hubbell, S. P., Marks, C. O., Ruiz-Jaen, M. C., Salvador, C. M., & Zanne, A. E. (2010). Functional traits and the growth–mortality trade‐off in tropical trees. Ecology, 91(12), 3664–3674. https://doi.org/10.1890/09-2335.1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, H., Franklin, S. B., Liu, J., & Lu, Z. (2017). Relative importance of density dependence and topography on tree mortality in a subtropical mountain forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 384, 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.049
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarin, D. J., Schulze, M. D., Vidal, E., & Lentini, M. (2007). Beyond reaping the first harvest: Management objectives for timber production in the Brazilian Amazon. Conservation Biology, 21(4), 916–925. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00670.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman, B. L., & Kormos, C. F. (2012). Prospects for sustainable logging in tropical forests. BioScience, 62(5), 479–487. https://watermark.silverchair.com/62-5-479.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAtMwggLPBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggLAMIICvAIBADCCArUGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQM3Yjw7u9owamCxDcSAgEQgIIChhRzlINjbWGlCjSo74ubwe0j8TNzMaR7FHhpAKxdu4bgDc4jvSdyl7NTE--Bk-Hucg8UXKeOEfOAnrwef64i9wm4HFnJWX1ZsY1X-lQ4kInwNGs73LM2_qOwCsyk3UjZAvfcrNHkdtMRqxz4g2lypm8yTCEGdQHSUz-uGxHI4pknBq1BxXwSX6rImHcG5ebVCJ7yum1rHvRLod5jui1q_np_RbZtu6EPoSBbwBXmtK0VHd-g3bsP5RJ_50N8q7XqPsXadn6BG8Grv36rG73NrC4E4E5__LXhXg56rhV-M08fIcn2UIiKrnBXl27bR1piLj0jpxSCVtH4J8hK30u18TNrzKQEvh5Pp3y7XNvvPS28FgibQ9hAUwXyxWzowA0bymMGhMwvXuwAepITde29h3zCnl9TrSXba-k57v-KYa20GlDuYwLRU7C_lmUPIKLVClmx6GpI2iKFg5IHv1eQgBGDL15p2e4xZLw6IXDVYeOr55td6NeadVp-ENjL8PxpetkXQUlgftgJNII6VrPfc3HERczimVmipRtpvaMDP_R63UcFL8MoMatORlwFGczqEDO_j90tDxTiu-FeQSorqoTSJ0kMtTuOgFQwHLShuwV7YV5vGwFchYjYXwwo48Wwf8STQxxqP9-GMyId2qszv4k9_xSoMS-Ehvv5enyUL6LIp8MqU8Y8d1oP7SOOGgn2yDfyAoB7R97JdsuSrcDAz_PREphpi_ZWLPaZJem1eysEb-UDlm4zxFxFEFbGz2nCukM0DRcwQR5zEd9jrOcWnZjRc_m0Xlx0nd4A1U1dbkEPRCy49mNUw1YhV7vnUuPOGCu6dv6yk4sSZ5m0gajPfcTuN3EQEf8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar