REFERENCES
- French M T, Martin R F. The costs of drug abuse consequences: a summary of research findings. J Subst Abuse Treat 1996; 13: 453–466
- DAWN, http://dawninfo.samhsa.gov/pubs/.2005
- SAMHSA, http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/.2002
- United Nations. 2003, http://www.unodc.org/pdf/trends2003_www_E.pdf
- Rudnick G, Clark J. From synapse to vesicle: the reuptake and storage of biogenic amine neurotransmitters. Biochim Biophys Acta 1993; 1144: 249–263
- Sulzer D, Sonders M S, Poulsen N W, Galli A. Mechanisms of neurotransmitter release by amphetamines: a review. Prog Neurobiol 2005; 75: 406–433
- Schindler C W, Zheng J W, Tella S R, Goldberg S R. Pharmacological mechanisms in the cardiovascular effects of methamphetamine in conscious squirrel monkeys. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1992; 42: 791–796
- Clinical Textbook of Addictive disorders. 3rd ed, R J Frances, S I Miller, A H Mack. Guilford Press, New York 2005; 684
- Newton T F, De La Garza R, II, Kalechstein A D, Nestor L. Cocaine and methamphetamine produce different patterns of subjective and cardiovascular effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2005; 82: 90–97
- Albertson T E, Derlet R W, Van Hoozen B E. Methamphetamine and the expanding complications of amphetamines. West J Med 1999; 170: 214–219
- Varner K J, Ogden B A, Delcarpio J, Meleg-Smith S. Cardiovascular responses elicited by the “binge” administration of methamphetamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 301: 152–159
- Turnipseed S D, Richards J R, Kirk J D, Diercks D B, Amsterdam E A. Frequency of acute coronary syndrome in patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain after methamphetamine use. J Emerg Med 2003; 24: 369–373
- Karch S B, Stephens B G, Ho C H. Methamphetamine-related deaths in San Francisco: demographic, pathologic, and toxicologic profiles. J Forensic Sci 1999; 44: 359–368
- Yeo K K, Wijetunga M, Ito H, et al. The association of methamphetamine use and cardiomyopathy in young patients. Am J Med 2007; 120: 165–171
- Johnson B A, Wells L T, Roache J D, Wallace C, Ait-Daoud N, Wang Y. Isradipine decreases the hemodynamic response of cocaine and methamphetamine results from two human laboratory studies: results from two human laboratory studies. Am J Hypertens 2005; 18: 813–822
- Wagner G C, Tekirian T L, Cheo C T. Sexual differences in sensitivity to methamphetamine toxicity. Journal of Neural Transmission 1993; 93: 67–70
- Dluzen D E, McDermott J L. Estrogen, testosterone, and methamphetamine toxicity. Ann NY Acad Sci 2006; 1074: 282–294
- Munro C A, McCaul M E, Wong D F, et al. Sex differences in striatal dopamine release in healthy adults. Biol Psychiatry 2006; 59: 966–974
- Bae S C, Lyoo I K, Sung Y H, et al. Increased white matter hyperintensities in male methamphetamine abusers. Drug Alcohol Depend 2006; 81: 83–88
- Brecht M L, O'Brien A, von Mayrhauser C, Anglin M D. Methamphetamine use behaviors and gender differences. Addict Behav 2004; 29: 89–106
- Kosten T R, Kosten T A, McDougle C J, et al. Gender differences in response to intranasal cocaine administration to humans. Biol Psychiatry 1996; 39: 147–148
- Sofuoglu M, Nelson D, Dudish-Paulsen S, Lexau B, Pentel P R, Hatsukami D K. Predictors of cardiovascular response to smoked cocaine in humans. Drug Alcohol Depend 2000; 57: 239–245
- Hong R, Matsuyama E, Nur K. Cardiomyopathy associated with the smoking of crystal methamphetamine. JAMA 1991; 265: 1152–1154
- Wijetunga M, Seto T, Lindsay J, Schatz I. Crystal methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy: tip of the iceberg?. Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicolgy 2003; 41: 981–986
- Yu Q, Montes S, Larson D F, Watson R R. Effects of chronic methamphetamine exposure on heart function in uninfected and retrovirus-infected mice. Life Sci 2002; 71: 953–965
- Mendelson J, Jones R T, Upton R, Jacob P, III. Methamphetamine and ethanol interactions in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995; 57: 559–568
- Ghuran A, Nolan J. Recreational drug misuse: issues for the cardiologist. Heart 2000; 83: 627–633
- Matsumoto T, Kamijo A, Miyakawa T, et al. Methamphetamine in Japan: the consequences of methamphetamine abuse as a function of route of administration. Addiction 2002; 97: 809–817
- Newton T F, Roache J D, De La Garza R, II, et al. Bupropion reduces methamphetamine-induced subjective effects and cue-induced craving. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006; 31: 1537–1544
- Drevets W C, Gautier C, Price J C, et al. Amphetamine-induced dopamine release in human ventral striatum correlates with euphoria. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 49: 81–96
- Laruelle M, Abi-Dargham A, van Dyck C H, et al. SPECT imaging of striatal dopamine release after amphetamine challenge. J Nucl Med 1995; 36: 1182–1190
- Reckelhoff J F. Gender differences in the regulation of blood pressure. Hypertension 2001; 37: 1199–1208
- Guyenet P G. The sympathetic control of blood pressure. Nat Rev Neurosci 2006; 7: 335–346
- Souza Neto E P, Neidecker J, Lehot J J. [To understand blood pressure and heart rate variability]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2003; 22: 425–452
- Tuncel M, Wang Z, Arbique D, Fadel P J, Victor R G, Vongpatanasin W. Mechanism of the blood pressure-raising effect of cocaine in humans. Circulation 2002; 105: 1054–1059
- Perez-Reyes M, White W R, McDonald S A, et al. Clinical effects of daily methamphetamine administration. Clin Neuropharmacol 1991; 14: 352–358
- Benowitz N L, Jones R T. Cardiovascular effects of prolonged delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol ingestion. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1975; 18: 287–297
- Sidney S. Cardiovascular consequences of marijuana use. J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 42(11 Suppl)64S–70S
- Jones R T. Cardiovascular system effects of marijuana. J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 42(11 Suppl)58S–63S
- Newlin D B, Wong C J, Stapleton J M, London E D. Intravenous cocaine decreases cardiac vagal tone, vagal index (derived in lorenz space), and heart period complexity (approximate entropy) in cocaine abusers. Neuropsychopharmacology 2000; 23: 560–568
- Vongpatanasin W, Taylor J A, Victor R G. Effects of cocaine on heart rate variability in healthy subjects. Am J Cardiol 2004; 93: 385–388
- Thayer J F, Lane R D. The role of vagal function in the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Biol Psychol 2007; 74: 224–242