Bibliography
- A. Silke, “The Devil You Know: Continuing Problems in Research on Terrorism.” Terrorism and Political Violence 13, no. 4 (2001): 1–14.
- A. Strobel et al. “Beyond Revenge: Neural and Genetic Bases of Altruistic Punishment.” NeuroImage 54 (2011): 671–680.
- ACLU, The Dangerous Overuse of Solitary Confinement in the United States (2014). https://www.aclu.org/other/stop-solitary-briefing-paper.
- Adrian Cherney, and Emma Belton, “The Evaluation of Case Managed Programs Targeting Individuals at Risk of Radicalisation.” Terrorism and Political Violence 35, no. 4 (2023): 846–865.
- Anand Satiani, Julie Niedermier, Bhagwan Satiani, and Dale P. Svendsen. “Projected Workforce of Psychiatrists in the United States: A Population Analysis.” Psychiatric Services 69, no. 6 (2018): 710–713.
- Aviva Stahl.“Extreme Isolation for U.S. Prisoners Shields ‘Torture’ From Public View and Accountability.” The Intercept. October 23, 2017.
- Bart Schuurman, and Quirine Eijkman. “Moving Terrorism Research Forward: The Crucial Role of Primary Sources.” ICCT 4, no. 2 (2013): 1–11.
- Bart Schuurman, “Research on Terrorism, 2007–2016: A Review of Data, Methods, and Authorship.” Terrorism and Political Violence 32, no. 5 (2020): 1011–1026,
- Bin Hassan, and Ahmad Saiful Rijal, “Denmark’s De-Radicalisation Programme for Returning Foreign Terrorist Fighters.” Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses 11, no. 3 (2019): 13–16. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26617829.
- Brenton Tarrant, “The Great Replacement: Towards a New Society.” March 2019.
- Alyssa W. Chamberlain, Matthew Gricius, Danielle M. Wallace, Diana Borjas, and Vincent M. Ware, “Parolee–Parole Officer Rapport: Does It Impact Recidivism?” International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 11 (2018): 3581–3602.
- Charles R. Robinson, Scott Van Benschoten, Melissa Alexander, and Christopher T. Lowenkamp, “A Random Study of Staff Training Aimed at Reducing Rearrest (STARR): Using Core Correctional Practices in Probation Interactions.” Journal of Crime and Justice 35, no. 2 (2012): 167–188.
- Christopher Coble, “Why Organized Crime Bosses Get Arrested for Tax Evasion.” FindLaw (blog), December 5, 2017. https://www.findlaw.com/legalblogs/criminal-defense/why-organized-crime-bosses-get-arrested-for-tax-evasion/.
- Christopher T. Lowenkamp, Alexander Holsinger, Charles R. Robinson, and Melissa Alexander, “Diminishing or Durable Treatment Effects of STARR? A Research Note on 24-Month Re-Arrest Rates.” Journal of Crime and Justice 37, no. 2 (2014): 275–283.
- Christopher Wright, “An Examination of Jihadi Recidivism Rates in the United States.” CTC Sentinel 12, no. 10 (2019): 26–31, https://ctc.usma.edu/examination-jihadi-recidivism-rates-united-states/.
- Congress.gov, "Text - H.R.4192 - 116th Congress (2019–2020): Confronting the Threat of Domestic Terrorism Act." August 16, 2019. https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/4192/text.
- Congress.gov, “Confronting the Rise in Anti-Semitic Domestic Terrorism, Part II.” July 18, 2022. https://www.congress.gov/event/116th-congress/house-event/LC65477/text?s=1&r=1.
- Craig Haney, “Restricting the Use of Solitary Confinement.” Annual Review of Criminology 1 (2018): 285–310.
- Craig Haney, “The Psychological Effects of Solitary Confinement: A Systematic Critique.” Crime and Justice 47, no. 1 (Chicago, IL, 2018): 365–416.
- Cynthia Miller-Idriss, “The FBI’s 2021 Hate Crime Data is Worse Than Meaningless.” Lawfare (blog). December 16, 2022. https://www.lawfareblog.com/fbis-2021-hate-crime-data-worse-meaningless.
- Daniel Koehler, “Switching Sides: Exploring Violent Extremist Intergroup Migration Across Hostile Ideologies.” Political Psychology 41, no. 3 (2020): 499–515.
- Duane Pohlman, “Can a man turn 180 degrees and renounce fascism?.” WKRC, February 4, 2021. https://local12.com/news/investigates/can-a-man-turn-180-degrees-and-renounce-fascism (accessed January 16, 2023).
- Emily Corner, and Paul Gill, “A False Dichotomy? Mental Illness and Lone-Actor Terrorism.” Law and Human Behavior 39, no. 1 (2015): 23–34.
- Emily Corner, Paul Gill, and Oliver Mason, “Mental Health Disorders and the Terrorist: A Research Note Probing Selection Effects and Disorder Prevalence.” Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 39, no. 6 (2016): 560–568.
- Eric B. Elbogen, and Sally C. Johnson, “The Intricate Link Between Violence and Mental Disorder: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions.” Archives of General Psychiatry 66, no. 2 (2009): 152–161.
- Eric Halliday, and Rachael Hanna, “How the Federal Government Investigates and Prosecutes Terrorism.” Lawfare (blog). February 16, 2021. https://www.lawfareblog.com/how-federal-government-investigates-and-prosecutes-domestic-terrorism.
- Fatos Kaba, Andrew Lewis, Sarah Glowa-Kollisch, James Hadler, David Lee, Howard Alper, Daniel Selling, Ross MacDonald, Angela Solimo, Amanda Parsons, and Homer Venters, “Solitary Confinement and Risk of Self-Harm Among Jail Inmates.” American Journal of Public Health 104, no. 3 (2014): 442–447.
- Federal Bureau of Investigation and US Department of Homeland Security/Strategic Intelligence Assessment and Data on Domestic Terrorism. May 2021. https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/fbi-dhs-domestic-terrorism-strategic-report.pdf/view.
- Federal Bureau of Investigations Counterterrorism Division, “Black identity extremists likely motivated to target law enforcement officers.” (August 3, 2017).
- FindLaw Staff, “Mail Fraud.” FindLaw. December 27, 2021. https://www.findlaw.com/criminal/criminal-charges/mail-fraud.html.
- Gary LaFree, Michael A. Jensen, Patrick A. James, and Aaron Safer-Lichtenstein, “Correlates of Violent Political Extremism in the United States.” Criminology 56, no. 2 (2018): 233–268.
- Hakeem Onapajo, and Kernal Ozden, “Non-Military Approach Against Terrorism in Nigeria: Deradicalization Strategies and Challenges in Countering Boko Haram.” Security Journal 33, no. 1 (2020): 476–492.
- Ivan Sascha Sheehan, “Assessing and Comparing Data Sources for Terrorism Research” In Evidence-Based Counterterrorism Policy (New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011): 13–40.
- J. Kimmel and M. Rowe, “A Behavioral Addiction Model of Revenge, Violence, and Gun Abuse.” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 48, no. S4 (2020): 172–178.
- James Khalil, “A Guide to Interviewing Terrorists and Violent Extremists.” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 42, no. 4 (2019): 429–443.
- Jeff Gruenewald, Steven Chermak, and Joshua D. Freilich, “Distinguishing Loner Attacks from Other Domestic Extremist Violence: A Comparison of Far-Right Homicide Incident and Offender Characteristics.” Criminology & Public Policy 12, no. 1 (2013): 65–91.
- Jeff Victoroff, “The Mind of the Terrorist: A Review and Critique of Psychological Approaches.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 49, no. 1 (2005): 7.
- Jessica Stern, Megan K. McBride, Adam Baker, Marley Carroll, and Elena Savoia, “Practices and Needs in Reintegration Programs for Violent Extremist Offenders in the United States: The Probation Officer Perspective.” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism (advance online publication) (2023).
- John F. Morrison, “Analyzing Interviews with Terrorists.” Researching Violent Extremism Series, RESOLVE Network (2020). https://doi.org/10.37805/rve2020.7.
- John Horgan, “Interviewing the Terrorists: Reflections on Fieldwork and Implications for Psychological Research.” Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Aggression 4, no. 3, (2012): 195–211.
- Josiah D. Rich, Redonna Chandler, Brie A. Williams, Dora Dumont, Emily A. Wang, Faye S. Taxman, Scott A. Allen, Jennifer G. Clarke, Robert B. Greifinger, Christopher Wildeman, Fred C. Osher, Steven Rosenberg, Craig Haney, Marc Mauer, and Bruce Western, “How Health Care Reform Can Transform the Health of Criminal Justice–Involved Individuals.” Health Affairs 33, no. 3 (2014): 462–467.
- Jules Lobel, “Prolonged Solitary Confinement and the Constitution.” Journal of Constitutional Law 11, no. 1 (2008): 115–138.
- Julia Rushchenko, Prison Management of Terrorism-Related Offenders: Is Separation Effective? (Centre for the Response to Radicalisation and Terrorism at The Henry Jackson Society, 2018). https://henryjacksonsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/HJS-Prison-Management-Report.pdf.
- Ken Dilanian, “In letter, ‘American Taliban’ John Walker Lindh said ISIS ‘doing a spectacular job’.” NBC News. May 22, 2019. https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/justice-department/letter-american-taliban-john-walker-lindh-said-isis-doing-spectacular-n1008871.
- Kiran M. Sarma, Sarah L. Carthy, and Katie M. Cox. “Mental Disorder, Psychological Problems and Terrorist Behaviour: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Campbell Systematic Reviews 18, no. 3 (2022).
- Lana De Pelecijn, Stef Decoene, and Wim Hardyns, “‘If I said I trust you, I would be lying.’ Reflections and recommendations for conducting interviews with (violent) extremist prisoners.” Journal for Deradicalization 27, (2021): 284–310.
- Leanne F. Alarid, and Mark Jones, “Perceptions of Offender Satisfaction on Probation and Supervised Release with STARR Skill Sets.” Federal Probation: A Journal of Correctional Philosophy and Practice 82, no 1 (2018): 37–54.
- Leaving Terrorism Behind: Individual and Collective Disengagement. Edited by Tore Bjørgo and John G. Horgan. (New York, NY: Routledge, 2009).
- Liat Tayer, Tomer Einat, and Anat Yaron Antar, “The Long-Term Effects of Solitary Confinement From the Perspective of Inmates.” The Prison Journal 101, no. 6 (Philadelphia, PA: 2021): 652–74.
- Liesbeth Van der Heide, and Bart Schuurman, “Reintegrating Terrorists in the Netherlands: Evaluating the Dutch Approach.” Journal for Deradicalization 17 (2018): 196–239. https://journals.sfu.ca/jd/index.php/jd/article/view/179.
- Marc Sageman, “The Stagnation in Terrorism Research.” Terrorism and Political Violence 26, no. 4 (2014): 565–580.
- Mary Beth Altier, Emma Leonard Boyle, and John G. Horgan, “Returning to the Fight: An Empirical Analysis of Terrorist Reengagement and Recidivism.” Terrorism and Political Violence 33, no. 4 (2019): 836–860,
- Megan K. McBride, Marley Carroll, Jessa Mellea, Diána Hughes, and Elena Savoia, “Evaluating Terrorist and Extremist Reintegration Programming: A Systematic Literature Review.” Journal For Deradicalization, 32 (2022): 35–75.
- Michael J. Williams, and Samuel C. Lindsey, “A Social Psychological Critique of the Saudi Terrorism Risk Reduction Initiative.” Psychology, Crime, & Law 20, no. 2 (2014): 135–151.
- Michael Ollove, “Ex-Felons Are About to Get Health Coverage.” The Pew Charitable Trusts. April 5, 2013. https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2013/04/05/exfelons-are-about-to-get-health-coverage.
- Nathan James, and Emily J. Hanson, “Federal Data on Hate Crimes in the United States.” Congressional Research Service (March 2021).
- Omi Hodwitz, "The Terrorism Recidivism Study (TRS): Examining Recidivism Rates for Post-9/11 Offenders." Perspectives on Terrorism 13 (2019): 54–64.
- Oversight of the Federal Bureau of Investigation: The January 6th Insurrection, Domestic Terrorism, and Other Threats, Before the Committee on the Judiciary. 117th Cong. (2021) (statement of Christopher A. Wray Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation).
- “Parole and Probation.” Justia. Last modified October 2022. https://www.justia.com/criminal/parole-and-probation/.
- Patrick Crusius, “The Inconvenient Truth.” August 2019.
- Patrick J. Kennealy, Jennifer L. Skeem, Sarah M. Manchak, and Jennifer Eno Louden, "Firm, Fair, and Caring Officer-Offender Relationships Protect Against Supervision Failure." Law and Human Behavior 36, no. 6 (2012): 496.
- Paul Gill, John Horgan, and Paige Deckert. “Bombing Alone: Tracing the Motivations and Antecedent Behaviors of Lone-Actor Terrorists.” Journal of Forensic Sciences 59, no. 2 (2014): 425–435.
- R. J. Kelly, and J. Maghan, “Terrorism and Corrections: The Incarcerated Radical,” in International Terrorism: The Decade Ahead, ed. Jane Rae Buckwalter (Chicago, IL: University of Illinois at Chicago, 1989), 29–53.
- Randy Borum, Robert Fein, and Bryan Vossekuil, “A Dimensional Approach to Analyzing Lone Offender Terrorism.” Aggression and Violent Behavior 17, no. 5 (2012): 389–96.
- Robert A. Pape, Keven Ruby, Kyle Larson, and Sabreena Croteau, “American Face of Insurrection.” Chicago Project on Security and Threats (January 5, 2022): 34.
- Robert G. Morris, “Exploring the Effect of Exposure to Short-Term Solitary Confinement Among Violent Prison Inmates.” Journal of Quantitative Criminology 32, no. 1 (2015): 1–22.
- Ronald Kessler, and T. Bedirhan Üstün, The WHO World Mental Health Surveys: Global Perspectives on the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008).
- Ryan Andrew Brown, Rajeev Ramchand, and Todd C. Helmus, “What Prevention and Treatment of Substance Use Disorder Can Tell Us About Addressing Violent Extremism.” (RAND Corporation, January 5, 2022), https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1071-1.html.
- Ryan Andrew Brown, Todd C. Helmus, Rajeev Ramchand, Alina I. Palimaru, Sarah Weilant, Ashley L. Rhoades, Liisa Hiatt, “Violent Extremism in America: Interviews with Former Extremists and Their Families on Radicalization and Deradicalization.” (RAND Corporation, April 1, 2021). https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA1071-1.html.
- S. A. Golden, H. Aleyasin, R. Heins, M. Flanigan, M. Heshmati, A. Takahashi, S. J. Russo, and Y. Shaham, “Persistent Conditioned Place Preference to Aggression Experience in Adult Male Sexually-Experienced CD-1 Mice.” Genes, Brain and Behavior 16, no. 1 (2017): 44–55.
- Sam A. Golden, Conor Heins, Marco Venniro, Daniele Caprioli, Michelle Zhang, David H. Epstein, and Yavin Shaham, “Compulsive Addiction-like Aggressive Behavior in Mice.” Biological Psychiatry, Sociopathy, Impulsivity, Aggression 82, no. 4 (2017): 239–48.
- Sam A. Golden, Michelle Jin, Conor Heins, Marco Venniro, Michael Michaelides, and Yavin Shaham, “Nucleus Accumbens Drd1-Expressing Neurons Control Aggression Self-Administration and Aggression Seeking in Mice.” Journal of Neuroscience 39, no. 13 (2019): 2482–96.
- Sam A. Golden, Mitra Heshmati, Meghan Flanigan, Daniel J. Christoffel, Kevin Guise, Madeline L. Pfau, Hossein Aleyasin, Caroline Menard, Hongzing Zhang, Georgia E. Hodes, Dana Bregman, Lena Khibnik, Jonathan Tai, Nicole Rebusi, Brian Krawitz, Dipesh Chaudhury, Jessica J. Walsh, Ming-Hu Han, Matt L. Shapiro, and Scott J. Russo, “Basal Forebrain Projections to the Lateral Habenula Modulate Aggression Reward.” Nature 534, no. 7609 (2016): 688–92.
- Scott M. Hyman, Helen Fox, Kwang-Ik A. Hong, Cheryl Doebrick, and Rajita Sinha, “Stress and Drug-Cue-Induced Craving in Opioid-Dependent Individuals in Naltrexone Treatment.” Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 15, no. 2 (2007): 134–43.
- Pete Simi, Kathleen Blee, Matthew DeMichele, and Steven Windisch, “Addicted to Hate: Identity Residual among Former White Supremacists.” American Sociological Review 82, no. 6 (December 2017): 1167–87.
- Simon Copeland,. “Telling stories of terrorism: A framework for applying narrative approaches to the study of militant’s self-accounts.” Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression 11, no. 3 (2019): 232–253.
- “Shortage Areas,” Health Resources and Services Administration. January 30, 2022. Accessed January 31, 2022, https://data.hrsa.gov/topics/health-workforce/shortage-areas.
- Sulastri Osman, “Radicalisation, Recidivism and Rehabilitation: Convicted Terrorists and Indonesians Prisons,” in Prisons, Terrorism and Extremism, ed. Andrew Silke (London: Routledge, 2013).
- Thomas Renard, “Overblown: Exploring the Gap Between the Fear of Terrorist Recidivism and the Evidence.” CTC Sentinel 13, no. 4 (2020): 19–29, https://www.ctc.usma.edu/overblown-exploring-the-gap-between-the-fear-of-terrorist-recidivism-and-the-evidence/.
- Tracy Hresko, “In the Cellars of the Hollow Men: Use of Solitary Confinement in U.S. Prisons and Its Implications Under International Laws against Torture.” Pace International Law Review 18, no. 1 (2006): 1–27.
- Trevor Aaronson, “Is ‘Terrorism Recidivism’ Real?” The Intercept, May 27, 2019. https://theintercept.com/2019/05/27/terrorist-recidivism-john-walker-lindh/
- Trevor Aaronson, “The U.S. Has Released 417 Terrorists Since 9/11. The Latest Owned an Islamic Bookstore.” The Intercept, May 30, 2017. https://theintercept.com/2017/05/30/the-u-s-has-released-417-alleged-terrorists-since-911-the-latest-owned-an-islamic-bookstore/.
- “Trial and Terror.” The Intercept. First Look Media, last updated November 14, 2022. https://trial-and-terror.theintercept.com/.
- “United States: Prolonged Solitary Confinement Amounts to Psychological Torture, says UN expert.” OHCHR. February 28, 2020. https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2020/02/united-states-prolonged-solitary-confinement-amounts-psychological-torture.
- United States of America v. John Lindh. 02-37A (E.D. Va.). https://www.justice.gov/archives/ag/plea-agreement.
- UNODC, The United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners. https://www.unodc.org/documents/justice-and-prison-reform/Nelson_Mandela_Rules-E-ebook.pdf.
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Health Workforce, Behavioral Health Workforce Projections, 2016–2030: Psychiatrists (Adult), Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists (2019): 3.
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Health Workforce, National Projections of Supply and Demand for Selected Behavioral Health Practitioners: 2013–2025. (Rockville: National Center for Health Workforce Analysis, 2016): 35.
- US Department of Homeland Security, Homeland Threat Assessment. October 2020. https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/2020_10_06_homeland-threat-assessment.pdf.
- US Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Domestic Terrorism: Definitions, Terminology, and Methodology (November 2020).
- US Office of the Director of National Intelligence, National Counterterrorism Center, “US Homegrown Violent Extremist Recidivism Likely.” National Counterterrorism Center Current (January 24, 2017).
- US Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Domestic Violent Extremism Poses Heightened Threat in 2021. March 1, 2021. https://www.dni.gov/files/ODNI/documents/assessments/UnclassSummaryofDVEAssessment-17MAR21.pdf.
- “Victim Witness Program.” U.S. Parole Commission. Last modified September 29, 2022. https://www.justice.gov/uspc/how-parole-works.
- “What is Mental Health Parity?” National Alliance on Mental Illness. Accessed February 5, 2022. https://www.nami.org/Your-Journey/Individuals-with-Mental-Illness/Understanding-Health-Insurance/What-is-Mental-Health-Parity.
- Zubair Azam, and Syeda Bareeha Fatima, “Mishal: A Case Study of a Deradicalization and Emancipation Program in SWAT Valley, Pakistan.” Journal for Deradicalization 11 (2017): 1–29. https://journals.sfu.ca/jd/index.php/jd/article/view/97.