A model of voltage-dependent dielectric losses for ferroelectric MMIC devices

References

• Scott , J. F. , Melnick , B. M. , Paz de Araujo , C. A. and McMillan , L. D. 1993 . Integrated Ferroelectrics , 3 : 248
   Google Scholar
• Scott , J. F. , Azuma , M. , Paz de Araujo , C. A. , McMillan , L. D. , Scott , M. C. and Roberts , T. 1994 . Integrated Ferroelectrics , January E. Fujii, Y. Uemoto, S. Hayashi, T. Nasu, Y. Shimada, A. Matsuda, M. Kibe, M. Azuma, T. Otsuki, G. Kano, M. Scott, L. D. McMillan, and C. A. Paz de Araujo, IEDM Conf., 14 Dec 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Galt , J. , Price , J. C. , Beall , J. A. and Ono , R. H. 1993 . Appl. Phys. Lett. , in press, IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Digest, p.1421 (1993)
   Google Scholar
• Missert , N. , Reintsema , C. D. , Beall , J. A. , Harvey , T. E. , Ono , R. H. , Rudman , D. A. , Galt , D. and Price , J. C. 1993 . IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. , 3 : 1741
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , Charles M. 1993 . Integrated Ferroelectrics, Proc. ISIF , in press
   Google Scholar
• Varadan , V. K. , Ghodgaonkar , D. K. , Varadan , V. V. , Kelly , J. F. , Glikerdas , P. and Microwave , J. 1992 . 35 : 116
   Google Scholar
• Scott , J. F. , Paz de Araujo , C. A. , McMillan , L. D. , Yoshimori , H. , Watanabe , H. , Mihara , T. , Azuma , M. , Ueda , Toshiyuki , Ueda , Tetsuko , Ueda , D. and Kano , G. 1992 . Ferroelectrics , 133 : 47
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyraud , L. , Gonnard , P. and Troccaz , M. 1989 . Ferroelectrics , 93 : 127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurevich , V. I. and Tagantsev , A. K. 1991 . Adv. Phys. , 40 : 719 in the particular case of strontium titanate the intrinsic anharmonic damping mechanism has been confirmed via hyper-Raman studies of frequency-dependent loss: V. N. Denisov, B. N. Mavrin, V. B. Podobedov, and J. F. Scott, J. Raman Spectr. 14, 276 (1983).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurevich , V. I. and Tagantsev , A. K. 1986 . Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. , 91 : 245
   Google Scholar
• Gurevich , V. I. and Tagantsev , A. K. 1985 . Ferroelectrics , 64 : 107
   Google Scholar
• Tagantsev , A. K. 1984 . Sov. Phys. JETP , 59 : 1290
   Google Scholar
• Gurevich , V. L. 1986 . Transport in Phonon Systems Amsterdam, , North Holland
   Google Scholar
• Sandvold , E. and Courtens , E. 1984 . Ferroelectrics , 55 : 971
   Google Scholar
• Neumann , H. and Hofmann , G. 1993 . Ferroelectrics , 134 : 202
   Google Scholar
• Coombs , G. J. and Cowley , R. A. 1973 . J. Phys. , C6 : 121
   Google Scholar
• Coombs , G. J. and Cowley , R. A. 1973 . Ibid. , : 143
   Google Scholar
• Cowley , R. A. 1966 . “ Phonons in Perfect Lattices and in Lattices with Point Imperfections ” . Edited by: Stevenson , R. W. H. 170 – 207 . New York : Plenum . The most comprehensive discussion of the three- and four-phonon anharmonic self-energies in perfect crystals is in
   Google Scholar
• Cowley , R. A. 1963 . Adv. Phys. , 12 : 421
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowley , R. A. 1965 . Phil. Mag. , 11 : 673
   Google Scholar
• Matsubara , T. 1955 . Prog. Theor. Phys. , 14 : 351
   Google Scholar
• Abriksov , A. A. , Gorkov , L. P. and Dzyaloshinski , I. E. 1963 . Methods of Quantum Field Theory in Statistical Physics , New York : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Scott , J. F. and Sanjurjo , J. A. 1986 . Sol. St. Commun. , 58 : 687
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tagantsev , A. K. 1993 . Ferroelectric Ceramics , Edited by: Setter , N. and Colla , E. L. 127 Basel : Birkhausen Verlag . Under some circumstances in perovskite oxides, due to the detailed shape of phonon dispersion curves through the Brillouin zone, the dependence of tan δ on susceptibility may be to the 5/2 power, rather than 3/2.
   Google Scholar
• Truell , R. , Elbaum , C. and Chick , B. B. 1969 . Ultrasonic Methods in Solid State Physics , New York : Academic Press . The work of Gurevich and Tagantsev emphasizes dielectric loss; for a comprehensive review of the complementary topic of ultrasonic attenuation in dielectric crystals, see
   Google Scholar
• Scott , J. F. Azuma , M. Proc. ISAF . Sept 1 1992 , Greenville, SC. Edited by: Liu , S. T. Piscataway, NJ : IEEE .
   Google Scholar
• Matsubara , S. , Miyazaki , S. , Sakuma , T. and Miyasaka , Y. 1992 . Ferroelectric Thin Films II , Edited by: Kingon , A. I. , Myers , E. R. and Tuttle , B. 281 Pittsburgh : Materials Research Society . The leakage current dependence upon field for BST films in the latter study is also verified for pure strontium titanate by
   Google Scholar
• Yamamichi , S. , Sakuma , T. , Hase , T. and Miyasaka , Y. Ibid. , 297 See also
   Google Scholar
• Waser , R. and Klee , M. 1992 . Integ. Ferroelec. , 2 : 23 The onset of additional conduction mechanisms in pure strontium titanate films above 200 kV/cm is also confirmed by
   Google Scholar
• Kanzig , W. 1955 . Phys. Rev. , 98 : 549 The role of oxygen vacancies and resulting Schottky barriers is developed by, and by S. Triebwasser, Phys. Rev. 118, 100 (1960).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prisedsky , V. V. , Shishkovsky , V. I. and Klimov , V. V. 1978 . Ferroelectrics , 17 : 465 For the role of ionic vacancies in perovskites see also, and also K. Carl and K.-H. Hardtl, Ferroelectrics 17, 473 (1978).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott , J. F. , Kammerdiner , L. , Parris , M. , Traynor , S. , Ottenbacher , V. , Shawabkeh , A. and Oliver , W. F. 1988 . J. Appl. Phys. , 64 : 787
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramesh , R. , Inam , A. , Wilkens , B. , Chan , W. K. , Hart , D. L. , Luther , K. and Tarascon , J. M. 1991 . Science , 252 : 944
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott , J. F. 1988 . J. Appl. Phys. , 64 : 787
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Gool , W. 1973 . Fast Ion Transport in Solids Amsterdam, , North-Holland
   Google Scholar
• Kleitz , M. and Dupuy , J. 1975 . Proc. NATO Advanced Study Inst. , Boston : Reidel .
   Google Scholar
• Hagenmuller , P. and Van Gool , W. 1978 . Solid Electrolytes , New York : Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Mahan , G. D. and Roth , W. L. 1976 . Superionic Conductors , New York : Plenum .
   Google Scholar
• Habbal , F. , Zvirgzds , J. A. and Scott , J. F. 1978 . J. Chem. Phys. , 69 : 4984
   Google Scholar
• Scott , J. F. , Araujo , C. A. , Melnick , B. M. , McMillan , L. D. and Zuleeg , R. 1991 . J. Appl. Phys. , 70 : 382
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li-Jie and Dransfeld , K. 1989 . Ferroelectrics , 93 : 259
   Google Scholar
• Rovenblum , B. , Braunlich , P. and Carrico , J. P. 1974 . Appl. Phys. Lett. , 25 : 17
   Google Scholar
• Gonnard , P. and Briot , R. 1989 . Ferroelectrics , 93 : 117
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mochizuki , Yohsuke and Microdevices , Nikkei . 1993 . March : 82 – 5 . Issue #3
   Google Scholar
• Chen , X. , Kingon , A. I. and Auciello , O. 1993 . Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Appl. Ferroelec. , Edited by: Liu , S. 229 New York : IEEE .
   Google Scholar
• Chen , X. , Kingon , A. I. , Bellur , K. , Auciello , O. and AI-Shareef , H. 1994 . Integ. Ferroelec. , Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Integ. Ferroelec. . in press
   Google Scholar
• Baiatu , T. , Waser , R. and Hardtl , K.-H. 1990 . J. Am. Ceram. Soc. , 73 : 1663
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1993 . Proc. Int. Conf. Ultrasonic Attenuation and Internal Friction, Rome , August See, for example
   Google Scholar
• Petzelt , J. , Pacesova , S. , Fousek , J. , Kamba , S. , Zeleny , V. , Koukal , V. , Schwarzbach , J. , Gorshunov , B. P. , Kozlov , G. V. and Volkov , A. A. 1989 . Ferroelectrics , 93 : 77
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wakino , K. , Murata , M. and Tamura , H. 1986 . J. Am. Ceram. Soc. , 69 : 34
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverman , B. D. 1962 . Phys. Rev. , 125 : 1921
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rupprecht , G. and Bell , R. O. 1962 . Phys. Rev. , 125 : 1915
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wakino , K. Proc. Int. Symp. Applic. Ferroelectrics (ISAF '86) . Bethlehem, PA. pp. 97 Piscataway, NJ : IEEE . H. Ouchi and S. Kawashima, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 24, Suppl. 24–2, 60 (1985).
   Google Scholar