986
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric

References

  • Aiken, L. A., & West, S. G. (1991). Testing and interpreting interactions in multiple regressions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Allan, S., & Zelizer, B. (2004). Reporting war: Journalism in wartime. London, England: Routledge.
  • Arpan, L., Rhodes, N., & Roskos-Ewoldsen, D. R. (2007). Attitude accessibility: Theory, methods, and future directions. In D. R. Roskos-Ewoldsen & J. Monahan (Eds.), Communication and social cognition: Theories and methods, 351–376. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Barber, B. K. (2013). Annual research review: The experience of youth with political conflict—Challenging notions of resilience and encouraging research refinement. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(4), 461–473. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12056
  • Barenbaum, J., Ruchkin, V., & Schwab Stone, M. (2004). The psychosocial aspects of children exposed to war: Practice and policy initiatives. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(1), 41–62. doi:10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00304.x
  • Barrett, M., & Oppenheimer, L. (2011). Findings, theories and methods in the study of children’s national identifications and national attitudes. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 8(1), 5–24. doi:10.1080/17405629.2010.533955
  • Bar-Tal, D. (1996). Development of social categories and stereotypes in early childhood: The case of “the Arab” concept formation, stereotype and attitudes by Jewish children in Israel. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 20(3), 341–370.
  • Bauer, D. J., & Curran, P. J. (2005). Probing interactions in fixed and multilevel regression: Inferential and graphical techniques. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 40(3), 373–400.
  • Beber, B., Roessler, P., & Scacco, A. (2012). Who supports partition? Violence and political attitudes in a dividing Sudan. Manuscript submitted for publication.
  • Berrebi, C., & Klor, E. F. (2006). On terrorism and electoral outcomes: Theory and evidence from the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 50(6), 899–925.
  • Berrebi, C., & Klor, E. F. (2008). Are voters sensitive to terrorism? Direct evidence from the Israeli electorate. American Political Science Review, 102(3), 279–301.
  • Birnbaum, D., Deeb, I., Segall, G., Ben-Eliyahu, A., & Diesendruck, G. (2010). The development of social essentialism: The case of Israeli children’s inferences about Jews and Arabs. Child Development, 81(3), 757–777. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01432.x
  • Bohner, G., & Dickel, N. (2011). Attitudes and attitude change. Annual Review of Psychology, 62, 391–417. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.121208.131609
  • Buijzen, M., Walma van der Molen, J. H., & Sondij, P. (2007). Parental mediation of children’s emotional responses to a violent news event. Communication Research, 34(2), 212–230. doi:10.1177/0093650206298070
  • Bushman, B. J. (1998). Priming effects of media violence on the accessibility of aggressive constructs in memory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 537–545.
  • Bushman, B. J., & Huesmann, L. R. (2006). Short-term and long-term effects of violent media on aggression in children and adults. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 160(4), 348–352.
  • Cairns, E., & Dawes, A. (1996). Children: Ethnic and political violence—A commentary. Child Development, 67(1), 129–138. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01724.x
  • Canetti-Nisim, D., Halperin, E., Sharvit, K., & Hobfoll, S. E. (2009). A new stress-based model of political extremism: Personal exposure to terrorism, psychological distress, and exclusionist political attitudes. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 53(3), 363–389. doi:10.1177/0022002709333296
  • Carnagey, N. L., & Anderson, C. A. (2007). Changes in attitudes towards war and violence after September 11, 2001. Aggressive Behavior, 33(2), 118–129.
  • Castelli, L., Zogmaister, C., & Tomelleri, S. (2009). Supplemental material for “The transmission of racial attitudes within the family”. Developmental Psychology, 45(2), 586–591. doi:10.1037/a0014619.supp
  • Condra, L. N., & Shapiro, J. N. (2012). Who takes the blame? The strategic effects of collateral damage. American Journal of Political Science, 56(1), 167–187.
  • Das, E., Bushman, B. J., Bezemer, M. D., Kerkhof, P., & Vermeulen, I. E. (2009). How terrorism news reports increase prejudice against outgroups: A terror management account. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45(3), 453–459. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2008.12.001
  • Dixon, T. L., & Azocar, C. L. (2007). Priming crime and activating blackness: Understanding the psychological impact of the overrepresentation of Blacks as lawbreakers on television news. Journal of Communication, 57(2), 229–253.
  • Dubow, E. F., Huesmann, L. R., & Boxer, P. (2009). A social-cognitive-ecological framework for understanding the impact of exposure to persistent ethnic–political violence on children’s psychosocial adjustment. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 12(2), 113–126. doi:10.1007/s10567-009-0050-7
  • Dvir Gvirsman, S., Huesmann, L. R., Dubow, E. F., Landau, S. F., Shikaki, K., & Boxer, P. (2014). The effects of mediated exposure to ethnic-political violence on Middle East youth’s subsequent post-traumatic stress symptoms and aggressive behavior. Communication Research, 41(7).
  • Eidelson, R. J., & Eidelson, J. I. (2003). Dangerous ideas: Five beliefs that propel groups toward conflict. American Psychologist, 58(3), 182–192. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.3.182
  • Enders, C. K. (2010). Applied missing data analysis. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Eveland, W. P., & Cooper, K. E. (2013). An integrated model of communication influence on beliefs. PNAS, 110(3), 14088–14095. doi:10.1073/pnas.1212742110
  • Gartner, S. S. (2004). Making the international local: The terrorist attack on the USS Cole, local casualties, and media coverage. Political Communication, 21(2), 139–159. doi:10.1080/10584600490443859
  • Hammack, P. L. (2008). Narrative and the cultural psychology of identity. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12(3), 222–247. doi:10.1177/1088868308316892
  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Hobfoll, S. E., Canetti-Nisim, D., & Johnson, R. J. (2006). Exposure to terrorism, stress-related mental health symptoms, and defensive coping among Jews and Arabs in Israel. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(2), 207–218. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.74.2.207
  • Huesmann, L. R., Dubow, E. F., Boxer, P., Souweidane, V., & Ginges, J. (2012). Foreign wars and domestic prejudice: How media exposure to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict predicts ethnic stereotyping by Jewish and Arab American adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 22(3), 556–570. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2012.00785.x
  • Huesmann, L. R., & Guerra, N. G. (1997). Children’s normative beliefs about aggression and aggressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(2), 408–419. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.2.408
  • Huesmann, L. R., & Kirwil, L. (2007). Why observing violence increases the risk of violent behavior in the observer. In D. J. Flannery, A. T. Vazsonyi, & I. D. Waldman (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of violent behavior and aggression (pp. 545–570). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Huesmann, L. R., & Taylor, L. D. (2006). Media effects in middle childhood. In A. C. Huston & M. N. Ripke (Eds.), Developmental contexts in middle childhood: Bridges to adolescence and adulthood (pp. 303–326). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Jaeger, D. A., Klor, E. F., Miaari, S. H., & Paserman, M. D. (2008). The struggle for Palestinian hearts and minds: Violence and public opinion in the Second Intifada. Journal of Public Economics, 96(3–4), 354–368.
  • Knobloch‐Westerwick, S. (2012). Selective exposure and reinforcement of attitudes and partisanship before a presidential election. Journal of Communication, 62(4), 628–642.
  • Kuo, M., Mohler, B., Raudenbush, S. L., & Earls, F. J. (2000). Assessing exposure to violence using multiple informants: Application of hierarchical linear model. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41(8), 1049–1056. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00692
  • Lavi, I., Canetti, D., Sharvit, K., Bar-Tal, D., & Hobfoll, S. E. (2012). Protected by ethos in a protracted conflict? A comparative study among Israelis and Palestinians in the West Bank, Gaza, and East Jerusalem. Journal of Conflict Resolution. doi:10.1177/0022002712459711
  • Lee, S. T., & Maslog, C. C. (2005). War or peace journalism? Asian newspaper coverage of conflicts. Journal of Communication, 55(2), 311–329. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb02674.x
  • Lett, M. D., DiPietro, A. L., & Johnson, D. I. (2004). Examining effects of television news violence on college students through cultivation theory. Communication Research Reports, 21(1), 39–46. doi:10.1080/08824090409359965
  • Little, T. D., Card, N. A., Preacher, K. J., & McConnell, E. (2009). Modeling longitudinal data from research on adolescence. In R. M. Lerner & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (3rd ed., pp. 15–54). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  • Lyall, J., Blair, G., & Imai, K. (2013). Explaining support for combatants during wartime: A survey experiment in Afghanistan. American Political Science Review, 107(04), 679–705.
  • Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. (2008, August). Census final results in the West Bank: Summary (population and housing). Ramallah, Author. Retrieved from http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_PCBS/Downloads/book1487.pdf
  • Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2009). Adolescents’ exposure to sexually explicit Internet material and notions of women as sex objects: Assessing causality and underlying processes. Journal of Communication, 59(3), 407–433. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01422.x
  • Punamäki, R. L. (1996). Can ideological commitment protect children’s psychosocial well‐being in situations of political violence? Child Development, 67(1), 55–69. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01719.x
  • Saleem, M., & Anderson, C. A. (2013). Arabs as terrorists: Effects of stereotypes within violent contexts on attitudes, perceptions, and affect. Psychology of Violence, 3(1), 84–99. doi:10.1037/a0030038
  • Saylor, C. F., Cowart, B. L., Lipovsky, J. A., Jackson, C., & Finch A. J., Jr. (2003). Media exposure to September 11: Elementary school students’ experiences and posttraumatic symptoms. Communication Research, 46(12), 1622–1642. doi:10.1177/0002764203254619
  • Shamir, J., & Shikaki, K. (2002). Self-serving perceptions of terrorism among Israelis and Palestinians. Political Psychology, 23(3), 537–557. doi:10.1111/0162-895X.00297
  • Slater, M. D. (2004). Vulnerable teens, vulnerable times: How sensation seeking, alienation, and victimization moderate the violent media content-aggressiveness relation. Communication Research, 31(6), 642–668. doi:10.1177/0093650204269265
  • Slater, M. D. (2007). Reinforcing spirals: The mutual influence of media selectivity and media effects and their impact on individual behavior and social identity. Communication Theory, 17(3), 281–303. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2007.00296.x
  • Slater, M. D. (2014). Reinforcing spirals model: Conceptualizing the relationship between media content exposure and the development and maintenance of attitudes. Media Psychology, 1–26. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/15213269.2014.897236
  • Slater, M. D., Hayes, A. F., & Ford, V. L. (2007). Examining the moderating and mediating roles of news exposure and attention on adolescent judgments of alcohol-related risks. Communication Research, 34(4), 355–381. doi:10.1177/0093650207302783
  • Slattery, K., Doremus, M., & Marcus, L. (2001). Shifts in public affairs reporting on the network evening news: A move toward the sensational. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 45(2), 290–302. doi:10.1207/s15506878jobem4502_6
  • Slone, M., Lobel, T., & Gilat, I. (1999). Dimensions of the political environment affecting children’s mental health. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 43(1), 78–91. doi:10.1177/0022002799043001005
  • Stoolmiller, M., Gerrard, M., Sargent, J. D., Worth, K. A., & Gibbons, F. X. (2009). R-rated movie viewing, growth in sensation seeking and alcohol initiation: Reciprocal and moderation effects. Prevention Science, 11(1), 1–13. doi:10.1007/s11121-009-0143-z
  • Todorov, A., & Bargh, J. A. (2002). Automatic sources of aggression. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(1), 53–68.
  • Valentino, N. A., Traugott, M. W., & Hutchings, V. L. (2002). Group cues and ideological constraint: A replication of political advertising effects studies in the lab and in the field. Political Communication, 19(1), 29–48.
  • Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2013). The differential susceptibility to media effects model. Journal of Communication, 63(2), 221–243. doi:10.1111/jcom.12024
  • Walma van der Molen, J. H. (2004). Violence and suffering in television news: Toward a broader conception of harmful television content for children. Pediatrics, 113(6), 1771–1775. doi:10.1542/peds.113.6.1771

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.