The Nonlinear Effect of Information on Political Attention: Media Storms and U.S. Congressional Hearings

References

• Althaus, S. L., Edy, J. A., & Phalen, P. F. (2001). Using substitutes for full-text news stories in content analysis: Which text is best? American Journal of Political Science, 45(3), 707–723. doi:10.2307/2669247
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, J. R. (2004). Cognitive psychology. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman.
   Google Scholar
• Baltagi, B. H. (2001). Econometric analysis of panel data. Second edition. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Baumgartner, F., Breunig, C., Green-Pedersen, C., Jones, B. D., Mortensen, P. B., Nuytemans, M., & Walgrave, S. (2009). Punctuated equilibrium in comparative perspective. American Journal of Political Science, 53(3), 603–620. doi:10.1111/ajps.2009.53.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgartner, F., De Boef, S. L., & Boydstun, A. E. (2008). The decline of the death penalty and the discovery of innocence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baumgartner, F., & Jones, B. D. (1993). Agendas and instability in American politics. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baumgartner, F., Jones, B., & Leech, B. (1997). Media attention and congressional agendas. In S. Iyengar & R. M. Alvarez (Eds.), Do the media govern? Politicians, voters and reporters in America (pp. 349–363). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Boydstun, A. (2013). Making the news: Politics, the media, and agenda setting. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boydstun, A. E., Bevan, S., and Thomas III, H. F. (2014). The importance of attention diversity and how to measure it. Policy Studies Journal, 42(2), 173–196.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boydstun, A., Hardy, A., & Walgrave, S. (2014). Two faces of media attention: Media storms versus non-storm coverage. Political Communication, 31(4), 509–531. doi:10.1080/10584609.2013.875967
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brosius, H. B., & Eps, P. (1995). Prototyping through key events: News selection in the case of violence against aliens and asylum seekers in Germany. European Journal of Communication, 10(3), 391–412. doi:10.1177/0267323195010003005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brosius, H.-B., & Kepplinger, H.-M. (1992). Linear and nonlinear models of agenda-setting in television. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 36(1), 5–23. doi:10.1080/08838159209364151
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook, F. L., Tyler, T. R., Goetz, E. G., Gordon, M. T., Protess, D., Leff, D. R., & Molotch, H. L. (1983). Media and agenda setting: Effects on the public, interest group leaders, policy makers, and policy. Public Opinion Quarterly, 47(1), 16–35. doi:10.1086/268764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards, G. C., Barrett, A., & Peake, J. S. (1997). The legislative impact of divided government. American Journal of Political Science, 41(2), 545–563. doi:10.2307/2111776
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards, G. C., & Wood, B. D. (1999). Who influences whom? The President, Congress and the media. American Political Science Review, 93(2), 327–344. doi:10.2307/2585399
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmelund-Præstekær, C., & Wien, C. (2008). What’s the fuss about? The interplay of media hypes and politics. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 13(3), 247–266. doi:10.1177/1940161208319292
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granovetter, M. (1978). Threshold models of collective behavior. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1420–1443. doi:10.1086/226707
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green-Pedersen, C., & Stubager, R. (2010). The political conditionality of mass media influence. When do parties follow mass media attention? British Journal of Political Science, 40(3), 663–677. doi:10.1017/S0007123410000037
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbst, S. (1998). Reading public opinion: How political actors view the democratic process. Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Higgins, E. T., & King, G. A. (1981). Accessibility of social constructs: Information-processing consequences of individual and contextual variability. In N. Cantor and J. F. Kihlstrom (Eds.), Personality, cognition and social interaction (pp. 69–121). Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Hood III, M. V., Kidd, Q., & Morris, I. L. (2008). Two sides of the same coin? Employing Granger causality tests in a time series cross-section framework. Political Analysis, 16(3), 324–344.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iyengar, S., & Kinder, D. R. (1987). News that matters: Television and American opinion. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, B. (1994). Reconceiving decision-making in democratic politics. Attention, choice and public policy. Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, B. D., & Baumgartner, F. R. (2005). The politics of attention: How government prioritizes problems. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, B. D., Larsen-Price, H., & Wilkerson, J. (2009). Representation and American governing institutions. The Journal of Politics, 71(1), 277–290. doi:10.1017/S002238160809018X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kepplinger, H. M., & Habermeier, J. (1995). The impact of key events on the presentation of reality. European Journal of Communication, 10(3), 371–390. doi:10.1177/0267323195010003004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kepplinger, H. M., & Zerback, T. (2007). Direct and indirect effects of media coverage: Exploring the effects of presumed media influence on judges, prosecutors, and defendants. Studies in Communication. Media, 1(3–4), 473–492. doi:10.5771/2192-4007-2012-3-473
   Google Scholar
• Kleinnijenhuis, J., & Rietberg, E. (1995). Parties, media, the public and the economy: Patterns of societal agenda-setting. European Journal of Political Research, 28(1), 95–118. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1995.tb00488.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindblom, C. (1959). The science of muddling through. Public Administration Review, 19(2), 79–88. doi:10.2307/973677
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lohmann, S. (1994). The dynamics of informational cascades: The Monday demonstrations in Leipzig, East Germany, 1989–91. World Politics, 47(1), 42–101. doi:10.2307/2950679
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neumann, R. (1990). The threshold of public attention. Public Opinion Quarterly, 54(2), 159–176. doi:10.1086/269194
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Page, B., & Shapiro, R. (1992). The rational public: Fifty years of trends in American’s policy preferences. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pashler, H. E. (1999). The psychology of attention. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pritchard, D. (1992). The news media and public policy agendas. In D. Kennamer (Ed.), Public opinion, the press and public policy (pp. 103–112). Westport, CT: Praeger.
   Google Scholar
• Protess, D., Cook, F., & Doppelt, J. (1991). The journalism of outrage: Investigative reporting and agenda building in America. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Protess, D. L., Cook, F. L., Curtin, T. R., Gordon, M. T., Leff, D. R., McCombs, M. E., & Miller, P. (1987). The impact of investigative reporting on public opinion and policymaking: Targeting roxic waste. Public Opinion Quarterly, 51(2), 166–185. doi:10.1086/269027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sachs, R. C. (2004). Hearings in the U.S. Senate: A guide for preparation and procedure. Congressional Research Service. Washington, DC: The Library of Congress.
   Google Scholar
• Schelling, T. (1978). Micromotives and macrobehavior. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company.
   Google Scholar
• Soroka, S. (2002a). Agenda-setting dynamics in Canada. Vancouver, Canada: UBC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Soroka, S. (2002b). Issue attributes and agenda-setting by media, the public, and policymakers in Canada. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 14(3), 264–285. doi:10.1093/ijpor/14.3.264
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thesen, G. (2010). When bad news is good: Government responsibilities and opposition possibilities in political agenda-setting. European Journal of Political Research, 52(3), 364–389. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2012.02075.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trumbo, C. (1995). Longitudinal modeling of public issues: An application of the agenda-setting process to the issue of global warming. Journalism & Mass Communication Monographs, 152, 1–57.
   Google Scholar
• Van Belle, D. (2003). Bureaucratic responsiveness to the news media: Comparing the influence of New York Times and network television news coverage on U.S. foreign aid allocations. Political Communication, 20(3), 263–285. doi:10.1080/10584600390218896
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Noije, L. (2007). The democratic deficit closer to home. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Vrije Universiteit.
   Google Scholar
• Van Noije, L., Kleinnijenhuis, J., & Oegema, D. (2008). Loss of parliamentary control due to mediatization and Europeanization: A longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of agenda building in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. British Journal of Political Science, 38(3), 455–478. doi:10.1017/S0007123408000239
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasterman, P. (2005). Media-hype. Self-reinforcing news waves, journalistic standards and the construction of social problems. European Journal of Communication, 20(4), 508–530. doi:10.1177/0267323105058254
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vliegenthart, R., & Walgrave, S. (2011). Content matters. The dynamics of parliamentary questioning in Belgium and Denmark. Comparative Political Studies, 44(8), 1031–1059. doi:10.1177/0010414011405168
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vliegenthart, R., Walgrave, S., & Zicha, B. (2013). How preferences, information and institutions interactively drive agenda-setting: Questions in the Belgian parliament, 1993–2000. European Journal of Political Research, 52(3), 390–418. doi:10.1111/ejpr.2013.52.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walgrave, S., Soroka, S., & Nuytemans, M. (2008). The mass media’s political agenda-setting power: A longitudinal analysis of media, parliament and government in Belgium (1993–2000). Comparative Political Studies, 41(6), 814–836. doi:10.1177/0010414006299098
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walgrave, S., & Van Aelst, P. (2006). The contingency of the mass media’s political agenda setting power: Towards a preliminary theory. Journal of Communication, 56(1), 88–109. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00005.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walgrave, S., & Vliegenthart, R. (2010). Why are policy agendas punctuated? Friction and cascading in parliament and mass media in Belgium. Journal for European Public Policy, 17(8), 1145–1168. doi:10.1080/13501763.2010.513562
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker, J. (1977). Setting the agenda in the U.S. Senate: A theory of problem selection. British Journal of Political Science, 7(4), 423–445. doi:10.1017/S0007123400001101
   Google Scholar
• Wanta, W., & Foote, J. (1994). The president-news media relationship: A time series analysis of agenda-setting. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 38(4), 437–451. doi:10.1080/08838159409364277
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wien, C., & Elmelund-Praesteker, C. (2009). An anatomy of media hypes: Developing a model for the dynamics and structure of intense media coverage of single issues. European Journal of Communication, 24(2), 183–201. doi:10.1177/0267323108101831
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe, M. (2012). Putting on the brakes or pressing on the gas? Media attention and the speed of policymaking. Policy Studies Journal, 40(1), 109–126. doi:10.1111/psj.2012.40.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfsfeld, G., & Sheafer, T. (2006). Competing actors and the construction of political news: The contest over waves in Israel. Political Communication, 23(3), 333–354. doi:10.1080/10584600600808927
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, B. D., and Doan, A. (2003). The politics of problem definition: Applying and testing threshold models. American Journal of Political Science, 47 (4): 640–653.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, D., & Peake, J. (1998). The dynamics of foreign policy agenda setting. American Political Science Review, 92(1), 173–183. doi:10.2307/2585936
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar