International Perspectives on Psychosocial Working Conditions, Mental Health, and Stress of Dairy Farm Operators

REFERENCES

• Merchant , J and Reynolds , S. 2008 . “ Work in agriculture ” . In Epidemiology of Work Related Diseases , 2nd , Edited by: McDonald , C . 309 – 329 . Hoboken , NJ : BMJ Books .
   Google Scholar
• Greer , A. 2008 . “ Agricultural policy ” . In New Labour's Countryside: Rural Policy in Britain Since 1997 , Edited by: Woods , M . 149 – 166 . Bristol , , UK : The Policy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Schelhaas H. The dairy industry in a changing world. In: Falvey L, Chantalakhana C, eds. Smallholder Dairying in the Tropics. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute; 1999:1–17. http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/InfoServ/Webpub/fulldocs/SmHDairy/chap1.html (http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/InfoServ/Webpub/fulldocs/SmHDairy/chap1.html) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Beldman A, Daatselaar C, Galama P, Prins B. Trends and challenges in world dairy farming: impressions from the 2009 Global Dairy Farms congress in China. Global Dairy Farmers. 2010. http://www.lei.dlo.nl/publicaties/PDF/2010/2010-015.pdf (http://www.lei.dlo.nl/publicaties/PDF/2010/2010-015.pdf) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Webster , J. 2011 . “ Husbandry and animal welfare ” . In Management and Welfare of Farm Animals. UFAW Farm Handbook , 5th , Edited by: Webster , J . 1 – 30 . West Sussex , , UK : Wiley-Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Kallioniemi , MK and Kymäläinen , HR . 2012 . Women on Finnish dairy farms: hard work in the midst of traditions and changes . Rural Soc. , 22 : 1815 – 1830 .
   Google Scholar
• Brumby , S , Willder , S and Martin , J . 2010 . Milking their health for all its worth? Improving the health of farming families through facilitated learning . Exten Farm Syst J. , 6 : 1 – 10 .
   Google Scholar
• Elger , U , Wonneberger , E , Lasch , V , Fuhr , D and Heinzel , W . 1995 . Belastungen und gesundheitliche Risiken von Bäuerinnen . Soz Praventivmed. , 40 : 146 – 156 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Uthardt L. Jordbrukaren mellan tradition och förnyelse [doctoral thesis] [in Swedish]. Åbo, Finland: Åbo Akademis förlag; 2009. http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/50690/UthardtLorenz.pdf?sequence=3 (http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/50690/UthardtLorenz.pdf?sequence=3) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Leskinen , J. 2004 . Saloseudulta EU-isännäksi—lypsykarjayrittäjät muutosmurroksessa. Seurantatutkimus 1997–2001 [Dairy farmers in a period of transition. A follow-up study 1997–2001] [doctoral thesis] [in Finnish] , Helsinki , , Finland : Finnish Institute of Occupational Health .
   Google Scholar
• González-García , E , Gourdine , J , Alexandre , G , Archimède , H and Vaarst , M . 2011 . The complex nature of mixed farming systems requires multidimensional actions supported by integrative research and development efforts . Animals. , 6 : 763 – 777 .
   Google Scholar
• Lunner Kolstrup , C . 2012 . What factors attract and motivate dairy farm employees in their daily work? . Work J Prev Assess Rehab. , 41 ( Suppl 1 ) : 5311 – 5216 .
   Google Scholar
• Bletzer , KV and Weatherby , NL . 2009 . Variation in drug and alcohol use among agricultural laborers: watermelon men in the rural South . Human Org. , 68 : 115 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duke , MR and Gómez Carpinteiro , FJ . 2009 . The effects of problem drinking and sexual risk among Mexican migrant workers on their community of origin . Human Org. , 68 : 328 – 339 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Labour Organization. Psychosocial Factors at Work: Recognition and Control. Report of the Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health Ninth Session Geneva, 18–24 September 1984. Occupational Safety and Health Series No. 56. Geneva: International Labour Organization, International Labour Office; 1986. http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/agriculture/agrivf01.htm (http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/agriculture/agrivf01.htm) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Centre for Alternative Social Analysis. Under åben himmel [Under open sky] [in Danish]. Copenhagen: CASA, Centre for Alternative Social Analysis; 2005. http://casa-analyse.dk/files/under_aaben_himmel.pdf (http://casa-analyse.dk/files/under_aaben_himmel.pdf) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Melberg , K . 2003 . Farming, stress and psychological well-being: the case of Norwegian farm spouses . Sociol Rural. , 43 : 56 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolstrup , C , Lundqvist , P and Pinzke , S . 2008 . Psychosocial work environment among employed Swedish dairy and pig farmworkers . J Agromedicine. , 13 : 23 – 36 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saarni , SI , Saarni , ES and Saarni , H . 2008 . Quality of life, work ability, and self employment: a population survey of entrepreneurs, farmers, and salary earners . Occup Environ Med. , 65 : 98 – 103 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raussi , S . 2003 . Human–cattle interactions in group housing . Appl Anim Behav Sci. , 80 : 245 – 262 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kallioniemi , MK , Simola , AJK , Kymäläinen , HR , Vesala , HT and Louhelainen , JK . 2009 . Mental symptoms among Finnish farm entrepreneurs . Ann Agric Environ Med. , 16 : 159 – 168 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallis , A and Dollard , MF . 2008 . Local and global factors in work stress: the Australian dairy farming examplar . Scand J Work Environ Health Suppl. , 34 ( 6 ) : 66 – 74 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karasek , R . 1979 . Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: implications for job redesign . J Admin Sci Q. , 24 : 285 – 308 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alpass , F , Flett , R , Humphries , S , Massey , C , Morriss , S and Long , N . 2004 . Stress in dairy farming and the adoption of new technology . Int J Stress Manage. , 11 : 270 – 281 .
   Google Scholar
• Deary , IJ , Willock , J and McGregor , M . 1997 . Stress in farming . Stress Med. , 13 : 131 – 136 .
   Google Scholar
• Fraser , CE , Smith , KB , Judd , F , Humphreys , JS , Fragar , LJ and Henderson , A . 2005 . Farming and mental health problems and mental illness . Int J Soc Psychiatry. , 51 : 340 – 349 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker JF. Mental Health in the Rural Sector—A Review. Report. Feilding: Farm Safe New Zealand; 2012. http://farmsafe.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Final-Report-Mental-Health-in-the-Rural-Sector.pdf (http://farmsafe.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Final-Report-Mental-Health-in-the-Rural-Sector.pdf) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Lundqvist , P. 1988 . “ Psychosocial factors in the working environment of young Swedish farmers with milk production ” . In Working Environment in Farm Buildings. Results of Studies in Livestock Buildings and Greenhouses [doctoral thesis] , 187 – 222 . Lund , , Sweden : Department of Farm Buildings, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences .
   Google Scholar
• Holmberg , S , Thelin , A , Stiernström , EL and Svärdsudd , K . 2004 . Psychosocial factors and low back pain, consultations, and sick leave among farmers and rural referents: a population-based study . J Occup Environ Med. , 46 : 993 – 998 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lunner Kolstrup , C and Hultgren , J . 2011 . Perceived physical and psychosocial exposure and health symptoms of dairy farm staff and possible associations with dairy cow health . J Agric Saf Health. , 17 : 111 – 125 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cox , T , Griffiths , A and Rial-González , E . 2000 . “ Research on work related stress ” . In European Agency for Safety and Health at Work , 55 – 72 . Luxembourg : Office for Official Publications of the European Communities .
   Google Scholar
• Milczarek M, Scneider E, González ER. OSH in Figures: Stress at Work—Facts and Figures. European Risk Observatory. Report 9. Luxembourg, European Communities: European Agency for Safety and Health at Work; 2009. http://https://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/TE-81-08-478-EN-C_OSH_in_figures_stress_at_work (http://https://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/TE-81-08-478-EN-C_OSH_in_figures_stress_at_work) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Sonnentag , S. and Frese , M. 2003 . “ Stress in organizations ” . In Comprehensive Handbook of Psychology. Volume 12: Industrial and Organizational Psychology , Edited by: Borman , WC , Ilgen , DR and Klimoski , RJ . Vol. 2012 , 453 – 491 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Stress at work. Cincinnati: Publications Dissemination, EID, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; 1999. Report No. 96–115. http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/99-101/pdfs/99-101.pdf (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/99-101/pdfs/99-101.pdf) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Elliott , M , Heaney , CA , Wilkins , JR , Mitchell , GL and Bean , T . 1995 . Depression and perceived stress among cash grain farmers in Ohio . J Agric Saf Health. , 1 : 177 – 184 .
   Google Scholar
• Gunderson , P , Donner , D , Nashold , R , Salkowicz , L , Sperry , S and Wittman , B . 1993 . The epidemiology of suicide among farm residents or workers in five north-central states, 1980–1988 . Am J Prev Med. , 9 ( Suppl 1 ) : 26 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Walker , LS and Walker , JL . 1987 . Stressors and symptoms predictive of distress in farmers . Fam Relat. , 36 : 374 – 378 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ang , HBA , Lamm , F and Tipples , R . 2008 . The impact of stressors on the psychological wellbeing of New Zealand farmers and the development of an explanatory conceptual model . Policy Pract Health Saf. , 6 : 79 – 96 .
   Google Scholar
• Kallioniemi , MK , Simola , A , Kinnunen , B and Kymäläinen , H-R. 2011 . “ Stress in farm entrepreneurs ” . In Handbook of Stress in the Occupations , Edited by: Langan-Fox , J and Cooper , CL . 385 – 406 . Cheltenham , , UK, and Northampton, MA : Edward Elgar .
   Google Scholar
• Simkin , S , Hawton , K , Fagg , J and Malmberg , A . 1998 . Stress in farmers: a survey of farmers in England and Wales . Occup Environ Med. , 55 : 729 – 734 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkowitz , AD and Perkins , HW . 1985 . Correlates of psychosomatic stress symptoms among farm women: a research note on farm and family functioning . J Human Stress. , 11 : 76 – 81 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Haaften , EH , Olff , M and Kersten , PH . 2004 . The psychological impact of the foot and mouth disease crisis on Dutch dairy farmers . NJAS Wageningen J Life Sci. , 51 : 339 – 349 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simola , A. 2006 . “ Henkinen hyvinvointi [Mental well-being] ” . In Työterveys ja maatalous Suomessa vuonna 2004 [Occupational Health and Agriculture in Finland in Year 2004] [in Finnish] , Edited by: Rissanen , P . 58 – 72 . Kuopio , , Finland : Finnish Institute of Occupational Health .
   Google Scholar
• Kallioniemi , MK , Simola , AJK , Kymäläinen , HR , Vesala , H and Louhelainen , J . 2008 . Stress among Finnish farm entrepreneurs . Ann Agric Environ Med. , 15 : 243 – 249 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charlton , J . 1995 . Trends and patterns in suicide in England and Wales . Int J Epidemiol. , 24 ( 1 ) : S45 – S52 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gallagher , LM , Kliem , C , Beautrais , AL and Stallones , L . 2008 . Suicide and occupation in New Zealand, 2001–2005 . Int J Occup Environ Health. , 14 : 45 – 50 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kposowa , AJ . 1999 . Suicide mortality in the United States: differentials by industrial and occupational groups . Am J Ind Med. , 36 : 645 – 652 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickett , W , King , WD , Lees , REM , Bienefeld , M , Morrison , HI and Brison , RJ . 1998 . Suicide mortality and pesticide use among Canadian farmers . Am J Ind Med. , 34 : 364 – 372 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stallones , L . 1990 . Suicide mortality among Kentucky farmers, 1979–1985 . Suicide Life Threat Behav. , 20 : 156 – 163 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stallones , L and Beseler , C . 2004 . Safety practices and depression among farm residents . Ann Epidemiol. , 14 : 571 – 578 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , K and Burns , C . 2008 . Suicides on farms in South Australia 1997–2001 . Aust J Rural Health. , 16 : 327 – 331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeArmond , S , Stallones , L , Chen , P and Sintek , E . 2006 . Depression and somatic symptoms within the farming community . J Agric Saf Health. , 12 : 5 – 15 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holtman , Z , Shelmerdine , S , London , L and Flisher , A . 2011 . Suicide in a poor rural community in the Western Cape, South Africa: experiences of five suicide attempters and their families . South Afr J Psychol. , 41 : 300 – 309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• London , L , Beseler , C Bouchard , MF . 2012 . Neurobehavioral and neurodevelopmental effects of pesticide exposures . Neurotoxicology. , 33 : 887 – 896 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacFarlane , E , Simpson , P , Benke , G and Sim , M . 2011 . Suicide in Australian pesticide-exposed workers . Occup Med. , 61 : 259 – 264 .
   Google Scholar
• Gregoire , A . 2002 . The mental health of farmers . Occup Med. , 52 : 471 – 476 .
   Google Scholar
• Scarth , RD , Stallones , L , Zwerling , C and Burmeister , LF . 2000 . The prevalence of depressive symptoms and risk factors among Iowa and Colorado farmers . Am J Ind Med. , 37 : 382 – 389 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stallones , L , Leff , M , Garrett , C , Criswell , L and Gillan , T . 1995 . Depressive symptoms among Colorado farmers . J Agric Saf Health. , 1 : 37 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Beseler , C , Stallones , L Hoppin , JA . 2006 . Depression and pesticide exposures in female spouses of licensed pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study cohort . J Occup Environ Med. , 48 : 1005 – 1013 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beseler , CL and Stallones , L . 2008 . A cohort study of pesticide poisoning and depression in Colorado farm residents . Ann Epidemiol. , 18 : 768 – 774 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beseler , CL , Stallones , L Hoppin , JA . 2008 . Depression and pesticide exposures among private pesticide applicators enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study . Environ Health Perspect. , 116 : 1713 – 1719 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stallones , L and Beseler , C . 2002 . Pesticide poisoning and depressive symptoms among farm residents . Ann Epidemiol. , 12 : 389 – 394 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Wijngaarden , E . 2003 . An exploratory investigation of suicide and occupational exposure . J Occup Environ Med. , 45 : 96 – 101 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canton , K and Williams , W . 2012 . The consequences of noise-induced hearing loss on dairy farm communities in New Zealand . J Agromedicine. , 17 : 354 – 363 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérès , K , Matharan , F Allard , M . 2012 . Health and aging in elderly farmers: the AMI cohort . BMC Public Health. , 12 : 558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clingerman , EM and Brown , A . 2012 . Stress in migrant farmworkers during premigration . Biol Res Nurs. , 14 : 27 – 37 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arcury , TA , O'Hara , H , Grzywacz , JG , Isom , S , Chen , H and Quandt , SA . 2012 . Work safety climate, musculoskeletal discomfort, working while injured, and depression among migrant farmworkers in North Carolina . J Inform. , 102 : S272 – S278 .
   Google Scholar
• Beseler , CL and Stallones , L . 2010 . Safety knowledge, safety behaviors, depression, and injuries in Colorado farm residents . Am J Ind Med. , 53 : 47 – 54 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osborne , A , Blake , C Fullen , BM . 2012 . Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among farm owners and farm workers: a systematic review . Am J Ind Med. , 55 : 376 – 389 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luque , JS , Reyes-Ortiz , C Marella , P . 2012 . Mobile farm clinic outreach to address health conditions among Latino migrant farmworkers in Georgia . J Agromedicine. , 17 : 386 – 397 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sartore , GM , Kelly , B and Stain , HJ . 2007 . Drought and its effect on mental health—how GPs can help . Aust Fam Physician. , 36 : 990 – 993 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunn , KM , Kettler , LJ , Skaczkowski , GLA and Turnbull , DA . 2012 . Farmers' stress and coping in a time of drought . Rural Remote Health. , 12 : 2071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuller , J , Kelly , B Sartore , G . 2007 . Use of social network analysis to describe service links for farmers' mental health . Aust J Rural Health. , 15 : 99 – 106 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashfield , J. 2007 . Taking Care of Yourself and Your Family , A resource book for good mental health. Adelaide: Government of South Australia and Beyondblue: The National Depression Initiative, Peacock Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Australian Centre for Agricultural Health and Safety. Managing the Pressure of Farming. Farm Family Business Handbook. Moree: Australian Centre for Agricultural Health and Safety; 2008. http://www.aghealth.org.au/pressures/ (http://www.aghealth.org.au/pressures/) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• California Dairy Research Foundation. Stress, depression and suicide prevention resources for dairy farmers. 2012. http://cdrf.org/2012/09/25/stress-depression-suicide-prevention-resources-for-dairy-farmers/ (http://cdrf.org/2012/09/25/stress-depression-suicide-prevention-resources-for-dairy-farmers/) (Accessed: 6 December 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Thelin , A , Stiernstrom , EL and Holmberg , S . 2000 . Psychosocial conditions and access to an occupational health service among farmers . Int J Occup Environ Health. , 6 : 208 – 214 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brumby , S , Willder , S and Martin , J . 2009 . The sustainable farm families project: changing attitudes to health . Rural Remote Health. , 9 : 1012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brumby , S , Chandrasekara , A , McCoombe , S , Kremer , P and Lewandowski , P . 2011 . Farming fit? Dispelling the Australian agrarian myth . BMC Res Notes. , 4 : 89
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kinnunen , B , Mäittälä , J , Pulkkinen-Närhi , P , Siitonen , T , Taattola , K and Weman , M. 2007 . Hyvä työterveyshuoltokäytäntö maatalousyrittäjien työterveyshuollossa [Good occupational Health Practice in Farmer's Occupational Health Services] , Helsinki , , Finland : Finnish Institute of Occupational Health and the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health .
   Google Scholar