Publication Cover
Anxiety, Stress, & Coping
An International Journal
Volume 17, 2004 - Issue 4
1,502
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The physical activity and sport anxiety scale (PASAS): Scale development and psychometric analysis

, &
Pages 363-382 | Received 03 Oct 2003, Accepted 20 Oct 2004, Published online: 25 Jan 2007

References

  • American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders 4th ed Author Washington DC 1994
  • Beck AT Steer RA Brown GK Beck Depression Inventory manual 2nd Ed Psychological Corporation San Antonio TX 1996
  • Blanchard RJ Blanchard DC An ethnoexperimental analysis of defense, fear, and anxiety Anxiety McNaughton N., Andrews G. (eds) University of Otago Press Dunedin New Zealand 124 133 1990
  • Brown , TA , Cash , TF and Mikulka , PJ . 1990 . Attitudinal body image assessment: Factor analysis of the Body–Self Relations Questionnaire . Journal of Personality Assessment , 55 : 135 – 144 .
  • Cash TF The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire, Unpublished test manual, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 1990
  • Cattell , RB . 1966 . The scree test for number of factors . Multivariate Behavioural Research , 1 : 245 – 276 .
  • Clark , J and Arkowitz , H . 1975 . Social anxiety and self-evaluation of interpersonal performance . Psychological Reports , 36 : 211 – 221 .
  • Dozois , DJA , Dobson , KS and Ahnberg , JL . 1998 . A psychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II . Psychological Assessment , 10 : 83 – 89 .
  • Fédération Internationale de Médecine Sportive . 1989 . Physical exercise: An important factor for health . International Journal of Sports Medicine , 10 : 460 – 461 .
  • Glasgow , RE and Arkowitz , H . 1975 . The behavioral assessment of male and female social competence in dyadic heterosexual interactions . Behavior Therapy , 6 : 488 – 498 .
  • Hanin YL A study of anxiety in sports Sport psychology: An analysis of athlete behavior Straub W.F. (ed.) Movement Ithaca NY 236 256 1978
  • Hart , EA , Leary , MR and Rejeski , WJ . 1989 . The measurement of social physique anxiety . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 11 : 94 – 104 .
  • Hoaglin DC Mosteller F Tukey JW Understanding robust and exploratory data, Wiley New York 1983
  • Holt , CS , Heimberg , RG , Hope , DA and Liebowitz , MR . 1992 . Situational domains of social phobia . Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 6 : 63 – 77 .
  • International Society of Sport Psychology . 1992 . Physical activity and psychological benefits: A position statement from the International Society of Sport Psychology . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 4 : 94 – 98 .
  • Kaiser , HF . 1961 . A note on Guttman's lower bound for the number of common factors . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 1 : 249 – 276 .
  • Lang PJ Fear reduction and fear behavior: Problems in treating a construct Research in psychotherapy Shlien J.J. (ed.) American Psychological Association Washington DC 90 102 1968
  • Leary , MR . 1983a . A brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 9 : 371 – 375 .
  • Leary , MR . 1983b . Social anxiousness: The construct and its measurement . Journal of Personality Assessment , 47 : 66 – 75 .
  • Leary , MR and Kowalski , RM . 1983 . The interaction anxiousness scale: Construct and criterion-related validity . Journal of Personality Assessment , 61 : 136 – 146 .
  • Martens R Sport competition anxiety test, Human Kinetics Champaign IL 1977
  • Martens R Vealey RS Burton D Competitive Anxiety in Sport, Human Kinetics Champaign IL 1990
  • Meng , X , Rosenthal , R and Rubin , DB . 1992 . Comparing correlated correlation coefficients . Psychological Bulletin , 111 : 172 – 175 .
  • Morrow JR Jackson AW Disch JG Mood DP Measurement and evaluation in human performance, Human Kinetics Champaign IL 1995
  • Norton , GR , Buhr , K , Cox , BJ , Norton , PJ and Walker , JR . 1999 . The role of depressive versus anxiety related cognitive factors in social anxiety . Personality and Individual Differences , 28 : 309 – 314 .
  • Norton , PJ , Burns , JA , Hope , DA and Bauer , BK . 2000 . Generalization of social anxiety to sporting and athletic situations: Gender, sports involvement, and parental pressure . Depression and Anxiety , 12 : 193 – 202 .
  • Norton , PJ and Hope , DA . 2001 . Kernels of truth or distorted perceptions: Self and other ratings of social anxiety and performance . Behavior Therapy , 32 : 765 – 786 .
  • Passer , MW . 1983 . Fear of failure, fear of evaluation perceived competence, and self-esteem in competitive-trait-anxious children . Journal of Sport Psychology , 5 : 172 – 188 .
  • Peterson RA Reiss S Anxiety Sensitivity Index revised test manual, International Diagnostic Services Worthington OH 1992
  • Rapee , RM and Heimberg , RG . 1997 . A Cognitive-Behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 35 : 741 – 756 .
  • Rapee , RM and Lim , L . 1992 . Discrepancy between self- and observer ratings of performance in social phobics . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 101 : 728 – 731 .
  • Schmidt , NB , Lerew , DR and Jackson , RJ . 1999 . Prospective evaluation of anxiety sensitivity in the pathogenesis of panic: Replication and extension . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 108 : 532 – 537 .
  • Spector, P.E. (1992). Summated rating scale construction: An introduction. In: Lewis-Beck M.S. (Series Ed.), Quantitative applications in the social sciences. Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
  • Storch , EA , Barlas , ME , Dent , HC and Masia , CL . 2002 . Generalization of social anxiety to sport: An investigation of elementary aged Hispanic children . Child Study Journal , 32 : 81 – 88 .
  • Tabachnick BG Fidell LS Using multivariate statistics, Harper Collins New York 1996
  • Taylor, S. (Ed.). (1999). Anxiety sensitivity: Theory, research and treatment of the fear of anxiety. Erlbaum, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
  • Troup , NA , Holbrey , A , Trowler , R and Treasure , JL . 1994 . Ways of coping in women with eating disorders . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 182 : 535 – 540 .
  • Watson , D and Friend , R . 1969 . Measurement of social-evaluation scale . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 33 : 448 – 457 .
  • Weeks, J.W., Heimberg, R.G., Turk, C.L., Hart, T.A., Schnieier, F.R., and Liebowitz, M.R. (2002). Empirical validation and psychometric evaluation of the brief fear of negative evaluation scale in patients with social anxiety disorder. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Reno, NV.
  • Yerkes , RM and Dodson , JD . 1908 . The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit formation . Journal of Comparative Neurology of Psychology , 18 : 459 – 482 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.