References
- Allen, N. L., Holland, P. W., & Thayer, D. T. (2005). Measuring the benefits of examinee- selected questions. Journal of Educational Measurement, 42(1), 27–51. doi:10.1111/j.0022-0655.2005.00003.x
- Brabeck, M., Jeffrey, J., & Fry, S. (2015) Practice for knowledge acquisition, not drill and kill. Applications of psychological science to teaching and learning modules. https://www.apa.org/education-career/k12/practice-acquisition#:~:text=Practice%20helps%20us%20increase%20our,more%20challenging%20information%20and%20problems.
- Bridgeman, B., Morgan, R., & Wang, M. (1997). Choice among essay topics: Impact on performance validity. Journal of Educational Measurement, 34(3), 273–286. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00519.x
- Gabrielson, S., Gordon, B., & Engelhard, G., Jr. (1995). The effects of task choice on the quality of writing obtained in a statewide assessment. Applied Measurement in Education, 8(4), 273–290. doi:10.1207/s15324818ame0804_1
- Herman, J., & Cook, L. (2022). Broadening the reach of the fairness standards. In K. Geisinger & J. Jonson (Eds.), Fairness in educational and psychological testing: Examining theoretical, research, practice, and policy implications of the 2014 Standards. 33–60. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association.
- Hilliard, A. G., III. (2000). Excellence in education versus high-stakes standardized testing. Journal of Teacher Education, 51(4), 293–304. doi:10.1177/0022487100051004005
- Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). Toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy. American Educational Research Journal, 32(3), 465–491. doi:10.3102/00028312032003465
- Linn, R. L. (2000, March). Assessments and accountability. Educational Researcher, 29(2), 4–16. doi:10.3102/0013189X029002004
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). (2019). Monitoring educational equity. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25389/monitoring-educational-equity
- Powers, D. E., Fowles, M. E., Farnum, M., & Gerritz, K. (1992). Giving a choice of topics on a test of basic writing skills: Does it make any difference? (ETS Tech. Rep. No. 92-19). Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.
- Schmader, T., Johns, M., & Forbes, C. (2008). An integrated process model of stereotype threat effects on performance. Psychological Review, 115(2), 336.
- Shepard, L. A. (2021, Fall). Ambitious teaching and equitable assessment. American Educator, 45(3). https://www.aft.org/ae/fall2021/shepard
- Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 69(5), 797–811. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797
- Wicherts, J. M., Dolan, C. V., & Hessen, D. J. (2005). Stereotype threat and group differences in test performance: A question of measurement invariance. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 89(5), 696–716. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.5.696