Approaches to Stock Enhancement in Mangrove-Associated Crab Fisheries

REFERENCES

• Alava , V. R. , Quinitio , E. T. , de Pedro , J. B. and Orosco , Z. 2007 . Reproductive performance of mud crab Scylla serrata fed dietary lipid levels . Aana. Res. , 38 : 1442 – 1451 .
   Google Scholar
• Alongi , D. M. 2002 . Present state and future of the world's mangrove forests . Environ. Conserv. , 29 : 331 – 349 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angell , C. A. 1992 . “ Summary of the proceedings of the seminar on mud crab culture and trade ” . In Seminar on Mud Crab Culture and Trade, Bay of Bengal Program Edited by: Angell , C. A. 1 – 2 . Madras , , India BOBP Report
   Google Scholar
• Arriola , F. J. 1940 . A preliminary study of the life history of Scylla serrata (Forskal). . Philippine J. Sci. , 73 : 437 – 458 .
   Google Scholar
• Badola , R. and Hussain , S. A. 2005 . Valuing ecosystem functions: An empirical study on the storm protection function of Bhitarkanika mangrove ecosystem, India . Environ. Conserv. , 32 : 85 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbier , E. B. 2006 . Natural barriers to natural disasters: Replanting mangroves after the tsunami. . Front. Ecol. Environ. , 4 : 124 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes , D. K. A. , Dulvy , N. K. , Priestly , S. H. , Darwall , W. R. T. , Choisel , V. and Whittington , M. 2002 . Fishery characteristics and abundance estimates of the mangrove crab Scylla serrata in southern Tanzania and northern Mozambique . S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. , 24 : 19 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell , J. and Nash , W. 2004 . “ When should restocking and stock enhancement be used to manage sea cucumber fisheries? ” . In Advances in Sea Cucumber Aquaculture and Management , Edited by: Lovatelli , A. , Conand , C. , Purcell , S. , Uthicke , S. , Hamel , J. F. and Mercier , A. 173 – 179 . Rome : FAO of the United Nations . FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 463
   Google Scholar
• Bell , J. D. and Gervis , M. 1999 . New species for coastal aquaculture in the tropical Pacific—Constraints, prospects and considerations . Aquacult. Int. , 7 : 207 – 223 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell , J. D. , Rothlisberg , P. C. , Munro , J. L. , Loneragan , N. R. , Nash , W. J. , Ward , R. D. and Andrew , N. L. 2005 . “ Restocking and stock enhancement of marine invertebrate fisheries ” . In Advances in Marine Biology , Edited by: Southward , A. J. , Young , C. M. and Fuiman , L. A. San Diego , CA : Elsevier Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Blankenship , H. L. and Leber , K. M. 1995 . A responsible approach to marine stock enhancement . Am. Fish Soc. Sym. , 15 : 167 – 175 .
   Google Scholar
• Blaxter , J. H. S. 2000 . “ The enhancement of marine fish stocks ” . In Advances in Marine Biology , Edited by: Southward , A. J. , Tyler , P. A. , Young , C. M. and Fuiman , L. A. 1 – 54 . London : Elsevier Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bosire , J. O. , Dahdouh-Guebas , F. , Kairo , J. G. , Cannicci , S. and Koedam , N. 2004 . Spatial variations in macrobenthic fauna recolonisation in a tropical mangrove bay . Biodivers. Conserv. , 13 : 1059 – 1074 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brick , R. W. 1974 . Effects of water quality, antibiotics, phytoplankton and food on survival and development of larvae of Scylla serrata (Crustacea, Portunidae). . Aquacult. , 3 : 231 – 244 .
   Google Scholar
• Caley , M. J. , Carr , M. H. , Hixon , M. A. , Hughes , T. P. , Jones , G. P. and Menge , P. A. 1996 . Recruitment and the local dynamics of open marine populations . Ann. Rev. Ecol. System , 27 : 477 – 500 .
   Google Scholar
• Chen , L. L. , Lo , C. F. , Chiu , Y. L. , Chang , C. F. and Kou , G. H. 2000 . Natural and experimental infection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in benthic larvae of mud crab Scylla serrata . Dis. Aquat. Organ. , 40 : 157 – 161 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cholik , F. and Hanafi , A. 1992 . “ A review of the status of the mud crab (Scylla sp.) fishery and culture in Indonesia ” . In Seminar on Mud Crab Culture and Trade, Bay of Bengal Program Edited by: Angell , C. A. 13 – 27 . Madras , , India BOBP Report
   Google Scholar
• Costanza , R. , d'Arge , R. , de Groot , R. , Farber , S. , Grasso , M. , Hannon , B. , Limburg , K. , Naeem , S. , O'Neill , R. V. , Paruelo , J. , Raskin , R. G. , Sutton , P. and van den Belt , M. 1997 . The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. . Nature , 387 : 253 – 260 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahdouh-Guebas , F. , Jayatissa , L. P. , Di , D. , Nitto , J. O. , Bosire Lo Seen , D. and Koedam , N. 2005 . How effective were mangroves as a defense against the recent tsunami? . Curr. Biol. , 15 : R443 – R447 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Pedro , J. B. , Quinitio , E. T. and Parado-Estepa , F. D. 2007 . Formalin as an alternative to trifluralin as prophylaxis against fungal infection in mud crab Scylla serrata larvae . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1554 – 1562 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estampador , E. P. 1949 . Studies on Scylla (Crustacea: Portunidae). I. A revision of the genus. . Phil. J. Sci. , 78 : 95 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Field , C. D. 1998 . Rehabilitation of mangrove ecosystems: An overview. . Mar. Pollut. Bull. , 37 : 383 – 392 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fielder , D. and Allan , G. 2003 . “ Executive summary and recommendations. Mud crab aquaculture in Australia and Southeast Asia ” . In Proceedings of the ACIA Crab Aquaculture Scoping Study and Workshop , Edited by: Allan , G. and Fielder , D. 7 – 30 . Bribie Island , , Australia : QLD . ACIAR Working Paper
   Google Scholar
• Fushimi , H. and Watanabe , S. 1999 . Problems in species identification of the mud crab genus Scylla (Brachyura:Portunidae) . UJNR Tech. Rep. , 28 : 9 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Hamasaki , K. and Hatai , K. 1993a . Experimental infection in the eggs and larvae of the swimming crab Portunus triturbiculatus and the mud crab Scylla serrata with seven fungal strains belonging to Lagenidiales . Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. , 59 : 1059 – 1066 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamasaki , K. and Hatai , K. 1993b . Prevention of fungal infection in the eggs and larvae of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus and the mud crab Scylla serrata by bath treatment with formalin . Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. , 59 : 1067 – 1072 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamasaki , K. , Suprayudi , M. A. and Takeuchi , T. 2002 . Mass mortality during metamorphosis to megalops in the seed production of mud crab Scylla serrata (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae) . Fish. Sci. , 68 : 1226 – 1232 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heasman , M. P. and Fielder , D. R. 1983 . Laboratory spawning and mass rearing of the mangrove crab, Scylla serrata (Forskal), from first zoea to first crab stage . Aquacult. , 34 : 303 – 316 .
   Google Scholar
• Hill , B. J. 1974 . Salinity and temperature tolerance of zoea of the portunid crab Scylla serrata. . Mar. Biol. , 25 : 21 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogarth , P. J. 1999 . Biology of Mangroves , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Holbrook , S. J. , Forrester , G. E. and Schmitt , R. J. 2000 . Spatial patterns in abundance of a damselfish reflect availability of suitable habitat . Oecologia , 122 : 109 – 120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huxham , M. , Kimani , E. and Augley , J. 2004 . Mangrove fish: A comparison of community structure between forested and cleared habitats . Est. Coast. Shelf Sci. , 60 : 637 – 647 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyland , S. J. , Hill , B. J. and Lee , C. P. 1984 . Movement within and between different habitats by the portunid crab Scylla serrata . Mar. Biol. , 80 : 57 – 61 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayamanne , S. C. 1992 . “ The mud crab fishery in Sri Lanka ” . In Seminar on the Mud Crab Culture and Trade , Edited by: Angell , C. A. 41 – 48 . Madras , , India, Surat Thani, Thailand : Bay of Bengal Programme for Fisheries Development .
   Google Scholar
• Kaji , S. , Kanematsu , M. , Tezuka , N. , Fushimi , H. and Hatai , K. 1991 . Effects of formalin bath for Haliphthoros infection on ova and larvae of the mangrove crab Scylla serrata . Nippon Suisan Gakk , 57 : 51 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaly , U. L. and Jones , G. P. 1998 . Mangrove restoration: A potential tool for coastal management in tropical developing countries . Ambio. , 27 : 656 – 661 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kathiresan , K. and Bingham , B. L. 2001 . Biology of mangroves and mangrove ecosystems . Adv. Mar. Biol. , 40 : 81 – 251 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keenan , C. P. , Davie , P. J. F. and Mann , D. L. 1998 . A revision of the genus Scylla de Haan, 1833 (Crustacea : Decapoda : Brachyura : Portunidae) . Raffles B. Zool. , 46 : 217 – 245 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan , G. and Alam , F. 1992 . “ The mud crab (Scylla serrata) fishery and its bio-economics in Bangladesh ” . In Seminar on the Mud Crab Culture and Trade , Edited by: Angell , C. A. 29 – 40 . Madras , , India, Surat Thani, Thailand : Bay of Bengal Programme for Fisheries Development .
   Google Scholar
• Kosuge , T. 2001 . Brief assessment of stock of mud crabs Scylla sp. in Matang Mangrove Forest, Malaysia and proposal for resources management. . Jarq-Jpn. Agr. Res. Q. , 35 : 145 – 148 .
   Google Scholar
• Langdown , M. J. 2005 . Distribution and zonation of Scylla spp, mud crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) in the mangrove habitats, Ibajay, Island of Panay, the Philippines , MSc thesis University of Wales .
   Google Scholar
• Lavilla-Pitogo , C. R. , de la Peña , L. D. and Catedral , D. D. 2008 . Enhancement of white spot syndrome virus infection in hatchery-reared mud crab (Scylla serrata) juveniles by temperature manipulation . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1600 – 1603 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavilla-Pitogo , C. R. , Marcial , H. S. , Pedrajas , S. A. G. , Quinitio , E. T. and Millamena , O. M. 2001 . Problems associated with tank-held mud crab (Scylla spp.) broodstock . Asian Fish. Sci., Spec. Issue , 14 : 217 – 224 .
   Google Scholar
• Lebata , J. H. L. 2006 . Stock enhancement of the mud crabs Scylla spp. in the mangroves of Naisud and Bugtong Bato, Ibajay Aklan, Philippines , Ph.D thesis University of Wales .
   Google Scholar
• Lebata , J. H. L. , Le Vay , L. , Primavera , J. H. , Walton , M. E. M. and Biñas , J. B. 2007 . Population and fisheries of Scylla spp. in the mangroves of Naisud and Bugtong Bato, Ibajay, Aklan, Philippines . Bull. Mar. Sci. , 80 : 891 – 904 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leber , K. M. , Kitada , S. , Blankenship , H. L. and Svasand , T. 2004 . Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching: Developments, Pitfalls and Opportunities , Oxford : Blackwell Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , C. 1992 . “ A brief overview of the ecology and fisheries of the mud crab, Scylla serrata, in Queensland ” . In Seminar on Mud Crab Culture and Trade, Bay of Bengal Program Edited by: Angell , C. A. 65 – 70 . Madras , , India BOBP Report
   Google Scholar
• Le Vay , L. 2001 . Ecology and management of mud crabs, Scylla spp. . Asian Fish. Sci. , 14 : 101 – 111 .
   Google Scholar
• Le Vay , L. , Carvalho , G. , Quinitio , E. T. , Lebata , J. H. L. , Ut , V. N. and Fushimi , H. 2007a . Quality of hatchery-reared juveniles for marine fisheries stock enhancement . Aquacult. , 268 : 169 – 180 .
   Google Scholar
• Le Vay , L. , Ut , V. N. and Jones , D. A. 2001 . Seasonal abundance and recruitment in an estuarine population of mud crabs, Scylla paramamosain, in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam . Hydrobiologia , 449 : 231 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Vay , L. , Ut , V. N. and Walton , M. E. M. 2007b . Population dynamics in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain (Estampador) in a natural estuarine mangrove . Mar. Biol. , 151 : 1127 – 1135 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , S. , Zeng , C. , Tang , H. , Li , F. , Wang , G. , Cheng , Y. and Lin , Q. 1998 . Nutritive requirements and metabolic mechanisms during larval development of mud crab Scylla serrata . J. Oceanog. Taiwan Str. , 17 : 9 – 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Li , S. , Zeng , C. , Tang , H. , Wang , G. and Lin , Q. 1999 . “ Investigations into the reproductive and larval culture biology of the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain: A research overview ” . In Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology Edited by: Keenan , C. and Blackshaw , A. ACIAR proceedings, Darwin, Australia, 21–24 April 1997
   Google Scholar
• Liong , P. C. Crab culture—Present status, future prospects . Aquaculture Towards the 21st Century: Proceedings of the Infofish AQUATECH, 1994 Conference . Edited by: Nombiar , K. P. P. and Singh , T. pp. 90 – 95 . Infofish, Kuala Lumpur, Columbo , , Sri Lanka
   Google Scholar
• Macintosh , D. J. , Ashton , E. C. and Havanon , S. 2002 . Mangrove rehabilitation and intertidal biodiversity: A study in the Ranong mangrove ecosystem, Thailand . Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. , 55 : 331 – 345 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macintosh , D. J. , Thongkum , C. , Swamy , K. , Cheewasedtham , C. and Paphavisit , N. 1993 . Broodstock management and the potential to improve the exploitation of mangrove crabs, Scylla serrata (Forskaal), through pond fattening in Ranong, Thailand . Aquacult. Fish Manag. , 24 : 261 – 269 .
   Google Scholar
• Macnae , W. 1968 . A general account of the fauna and flora of mangrove swamps and forests in the Indo-West-Pacific region. . Adv. Mar. Biol. , 6 : 73 – 270 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann , D. , Asakawa , T. , Pizzutto , M. , Keenan , C. and Brock , I. 1999 . Hatchery feeds for the mud crab Scylla serrata: Towards a nutritionally complete diet , Cairns , , Australia : Hatchery Feeds .
   Google Scholar
• Mann , D. L. , Asakawa , T. , Kelly , B. , Lindsay , T. and Paterson , B. 2007 . Stocking density and habitat determine yield from intensive nursery systems for mud crabs Scylla serrata . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1580 – 1587 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millamena , O. M. and Quinitio , E. T. 2000 . The effects of diets on reproductive performance of eyestalk ablated and intact mud crab Scylla serrata . Aquaculture , 181 : 81 – 90 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moser , S. , Macintosh , D. , Laoprasert , S. and Tongdee , N. 2005 . Population ecology of the mud crab Scylla olivacea: A study in the Ranong mangrove ecosystem, Thailand, with emphasis on juvenile recruitment and mortality . Fish. Res. , 71 : 27 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moser , S. M. , Macintosh , D. J. , Prinpanapong , S. and Tongdee , N. 2002 . Estimates of growth of the mud crab Scylla olivacea in the Ranong mangrove ecosystem, Thailand, based on a tagging and recapture study . Mar. Freshw. Res. , 53 : 1083 – 1089 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mounsey , R. 1989 . Northern Territory mud crab fishery investigation , Darwin , , Australia : Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries .
   Google Scholar
• Nghia , T. T. , Wille , M. , Vandendriessche , S. and Sorgeloos , P. 2007a . Influence of highly unsaturated fatty acids in the live food on larviculture of mud crab Scylla paramamosain . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1512 – 1528 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nghia , T. T. , Wille , M. , Binh , T. C. , Thanh , H. P. , Danh , N. V. and Sorgeloos , P. 2007b . Improved zoo-techniques for mud crab Scylla paramamosain larvae . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1539 – 1553 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oshiro , N. 1991 . “ Mangrove crabs (Scylla spp.) ” . In Aquaculture in Tropical Areas , Edited by: Shokita , S. , Kakazu , K. , Tomori , A. and Toma , T. 218 – 229 . Tokyo : Midori Shobo .
   Google Scholar
• Overton , J. L. and Macintosh , D. J. 1997 . Mud crab culture: Prospects for the small-scale Asian farmer . INFOFISH Int. , 5 : 26 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Overton , J. L. and Macintosh , D. J. 2002 . Estimated size at sexual maturity for female mud crabs (Genus Scylla) from two sympatric species within the Ban Don Bay, Thailand . J. Crust. Biol. , 22 : 790 – 797 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overton , J. L. , Macintosh , D. J. and Thorpe , R. S. 1997 . Multivariate analysis of the mud crab Scylla serrata (Brachyura: Portunidae) from four locations in Southeast Asia . Mar. Biol. , 128 : 55 – 62 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parado-Estepa , F. D. and Quinitio , E. T. 1999 . “ Larval survival and megalopa production of Scylla sp. at different salinities ” . In Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology Edited by: Keenan , C. and Blackshaw , A. ACIAR Proceedings, Darwin, Australia, 21–24 April 1997
   Google Scholar
• Primavera , J. H. 2000 . Development and conservation of Philippine mangroves: Institutional issues. . Ecol. Econ. , 35 : 91 – 106 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinitio , E. and Parado-Estepa , F. D. 2003 . Biology and hatchery of mud crabs Scylla spp. Iloilo (Philippines) , SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department .
   Google Scholar
• Quinitio , E. T. , de Pedro , J. B. and Parado-Estepa , F. D. 2007 . Ovarian maturation stages of the mud crab Scylla serrata . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1434 – 1441 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinitio , E. T. , Parado-Estepa , F. D. and Rodriguez , E. 2002 . Seed production of mud crab Scylla spp . Aquaculture Asia , 7 : 29 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Robertson , W. D. 1989 . Factors affecting catches of the crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) (Decapoda, Portunidae) in baited traps—Soak time, time of day and accessibility of the bait. . Est. Coast Shelf Sci. , 29 : 161 – 170 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson , W. D. and Kruger , A. 1994 . Size at maturity, mating and spawning in the portunid crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) in Natal, South Africa . Est. Coast Shelf Sci. , 39 : 185 – 200 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez , E. , Parado–Estepa , F. D. and Quinitio , E. T. 2007 . Extension of nursery culture of Scylla serrata juveniles in net cages and ponds . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1588 – 1592 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ronnback , P. 1999 . The ecological basis for economic value of seafood production supported by mangrove ecosystems. . Ecol. Econ. , 29 : 235 – 252 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ronnback , P. , Troell , M. , Kautsky , N. and Primavera , J. H. 1999 . Distribution pattern of shrimps and fish among Avicennia and Rhizophora microhabitats in the Pagbilao mangroves, Philippines . Est. Coast. Shelf Sci. , 48 : 223 – 234 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasekumar , A. 1974 . Distribution of macrofauna on a Malayan mangrove shore. . J. Anim. Ecol. , 43 : 51 – 69 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiensongrusmee , B. and Pratoomchat , B. The Present Status of Mud Crab Resources of Thailand . Conference 37. Kasetsart University Annual Conf., Kasetsart, Thailand . Edited by: Oates , C. G. pp. 75 – 81 . Kasetsart , , Thailand : Text & Journal Publication Co., Kasetsart University .
   Google Scholar
• Tookwinas , S. , Srichantulk , N. and Kanchanavasite , C. 1992 . “ Mud crab production in Thailand ” . In Seminar on the Mud Crab Culture and Trade , Edited by: Angell , C. A. 59 – 63 . Madras , , India, Surat Thani, Thailand : Bay of Bengal Programme for Fisheries Development .
   Google Scholar
• Ut , V. N. 2002 . Assessment of the feasibility of stock enhancement of mud crabs, Scylla paramamosain, in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam , Ph.D. 288 Bangor : University of Wales .
   Google Scholar
• Ut , V. N. , Le Vay , L. , Nghia , T. T. and Hanh , T. T. H. 2007a . Development of nursery culture techniques for the mud crab Scylla paramamosain . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1563 – 1568 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ut , V. N. , Le Vay , L. and Nghia , T. T. 2007b . Comparative performance of hatchery-reared and wild Scylla paramamosain in pond culture . Aquacult. Res. , 38 : 1593 – 1599 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Meeren , G. I. 2001 . Effects of experience with shelter in hatchery-reared juvenile European lobsters Homarus gammarus. . Mar. Freshw. Res. , 52 : 1487 – 1493 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walters , B. B. 2005 . Ecological effects of small-scale cutting of Philippine mangrove forests. . Forest Ecol. Manag. , 206 : 331 – 348 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton , M. E. M. 2006 . The effect of habitat on the ecology and fisheries of Scylla spp. in Vietnam and the Philippines , Ph.D. 162 Bangor : University of Wales .
   Google Scholar
• Walton , M. E. M. , Le Vay , L. , Lebata , J. H. , Binas , J. and Primavera , J. H. 2006a . Seasonal abundance, distribution and recruitment of mud crabs (Scylla spp.) in replanted mangroves . Est. Coast Shelf Sci. , 66 : 493 – 500 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton , M. E. M. , Le Vay , L. , Truong , L. M. and Ut , V. N. 2006b . Significance of mangrove-mudflat boundaries as nursery grounds for the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. . Mar. Biol. , 149 : 1199 – 1207 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton , M. E. M. , Samonte-Tan , G. , Primavera , J. H. , Edwards-Jones , G. and Le Vay , L. 2006c . Are mangroves worth replanting? The direct economic benefits of a community-based reforestation project . Environ. Conserv. , 33 : 335 – 343 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton , M. , Le Vay , L. , Lebata , J. H. , Binas , J. , Tapper , J. and Primavera , J. H. 2007 . Effectiveness of mangrove replanting in the restoration of fisheries: Abundance and distribution of mud crabs, Scylla olivacea in intact, degraded and rehabilitated mangroves . Biol. Conserv. , 138 : 180 – 188 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , G. Z. , Li , S. J. , Zeng , C. S. , Lin , S. J. , Kong , X. H. , Ai , C. X. and Lin , Q. W. 2005 . Status of biological studies and aquaculture development of the mud crab, Scylla serrata, in China: An experimental ecological studies . Aquac. Intl. , 13 : 459 – 468 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wickens , J. F. 1986 . Stimulation of crusher claw development in cultured lobsters, Homarus gammarus. . Aquacult. Fish Manag. , 17 : 267 – 273 .
   Google Scholar
• Williams , G. R. , Wood , J. , Dailiston , B. , Shelley , C. C. and Kuo , C. M. 1999 . “ Mud crab (Scylla serrata) megalopa larvae exhibit high survival rates on Artemia-based diets ” . In Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology Edited by: Keenan , C. and Blackshaw , A. 131 – 140 . ACIAR Proceedings, Darwin, Australia, 21–24 April 1997
   Google Scholar
• Zeng , C. and Li , S. 1999 . “ Effects of density and different combinations of diets on survival, development, dry weight and chemical composition of larvae of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain ” . In Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology Edited by: Keenan , C. and Blackshaw , A. 159 – 166 . ACIAR proceedings, Darwin, Australia, 21–24 April 1997
   Google Scholar