Biological and Genetic Characteristics of Restocked and Wild Acanthopagrus butcheri (Sparidae) in a Southwestern Australian Estuary

REFERENCES

• Allendorf , F. W. 1985 . Genetic drift and the loss of alleles versus heterozygosity . Zoo Biol. , 5: : 181 – 190 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Araki , H. and Schmid , C. 2010 . Review: Is hatchery stocking a help or a harm? Evidence, limitations and future directions in ecological and genetic surveys . Aquaculture , 308: : S2 – S11 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold , W. 2008 . Application of larval release for restocking and stock enhancement of coastal marine bivalve populations . Rev. Fish. Sci. , 16: : 65 – 71 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell , J. D. , Bartley , D. M. , Lorenzen , K. and Loneragan , N. R. 2006 . Restocking and stock enhancement of coastal fisheries: Potential, problems and progress . Fish. Res. , 80: : 1 – 8 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell , J. D. , Leber , K. M. , Blankenship , H. L. , Loneragan , N. R. and Masuda , R. 2008 . A new era for restocking, stock enhancement and sea ranching of coastal fisheries resources . Rev. Fish. Sci. , 16: : 1 – 9 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanchet , S. , Páez , D. J. , Bernatchez , L. and Dodson , J. J. 2008 . An integrated comparison of captive-bred and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Implications for supportive breeding programs . Biol. Conserv , 141 : 1989 – 1999 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blankenship , H. L. and Leber , K. M. 1995 . A responsible approach to marine stock enhancement . Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. , 15: : 167 – 175 .
   Google Scholar
• Blonk , R. J. W. , Komen , J. , Kamstra , A. , Crooijmans , R. P. M. A. and van Arendonk , J. A. M. 2009 . Levels of inbreeding in group mating captive broodstock populations of common sole, (Solea solea), inferred from parental relatedness and contribution . Aquaculture , 289: : 26 – 31 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohlin , T. , Sundström , F. , Johnsson , J. I. , Höjesjö , J. and Pettersson , J. 2002 . Density-dependent growth in brown trout: Effects of introducing wild and hatchery fish . J. Anim. Ecol. , 71: : 683 – 692 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunner , E. J. , Jones , P. J. S. , Friel , S. and Bartley , M. 2008 . Fish, human health and marine ecosystem health: Policies in collision . Int. J. Epidemiol. , 38: : 93 – 100 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerrato , R. M. 1990 . Interpretable statistical tests for growth comparisons using parameters in the von Bertalanffy growth equation . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 47: : 1416 – 1426 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaplin , J. A. , Baudains , G. A. , Gill , H. S. , McCulloch , R. and Potter , I. C. 1998 . Are assemblages of black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) in different estuaries genetically distinct? . Int. J. Salt Lake Res. , 6: : 303 – 321 .
   Google Scholar
• Čož-Rakovac , R. , Strunjak-Perović , I. , Topić Popović , N. , Hacmanjek , M. , Šimpraga , B. and Teskeredžić , E. 2002 . Health status of wild and cultured sea bass in the northern Adriatic Sea . Vet. Med.-Czech , 47: : 222 – 226 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cristescu , R. , Sherwin , W. B. , Handasyde , K. , Cahill , V. and Cooper , D. W. 2010 . Detecting bottlenecks using BOTTLENECK 1.2.02 in wild populations: the importance of the microsatellite structure . Conserv. Genet. , 11 : 1043 – 1049 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delgado , C. L. , Wada , N. , Rosegrant , M. W. , Meijer , S. and Ahmed , M. 2003 . Fish to 2020: Supply and Demand in Changing Global Markets , Washington , DC : IFPRI; Penang, Malaysia: WorldFish Centre .
   Google Scholar
• Eby , L. A. and Crowder , L. B. 2002 . Hypoxia-based habitat compression in the Neuse River Estuary: Context-dependent shifts in behavioral avoidance thresholds . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 59: : 952 – 965 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eby , L. A. , Crowder , L. B. , McClellan , C. M. , Peterson , C. H. and Powers , M. J. 2005 . Habitat degradation from intermittent hypoxia: Impacts on demersal fishes . Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. , 291: : 249 – 261 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Einum , S. and Fleming , I. A. 2001 . Implications of stocking: ecological interactions between wild and released salmonids . Nord. J. Freshwat. Res. , 75: : 56 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , B. , Bartlett , J. , Sweijd , N. , Cook , P. and Elliot , N. G. 2004 . Loss of genetic variation at microsatellite loci in hatchery produced abalone in Australia (Haliotis rubra) and South Africa (Haliotis midae) . Aquaculture , 23: : 109 – 127 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAO . 2004 . The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. , Rome : FAO . Available at ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/007/y5600e/y5600e00.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ferguson , G. and Ye. Black Bream , Q. 2008 . (Acanthopagrus butcheri). Stock Assessment Report for PIRSA Fisheries . South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences), Adelaide, F2008/000810-1. SARDI Research Report Series No. 310
   Google Scholar
• Frost , L. A. , Evans , B. S. and Jerry , D. R. 2006 . Loss of genetic diversity due to hatchery culture practices in barramundi (Lates calcarifer) . Aquaculture , 261: : 1056 – 1064 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garza , J. C. and Williamson , E. G. 2001 . Detection of reduction in population size using data from microsatellite loci . Mol. Ecol. , 10: : 305 – 318 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gehring , R. E. 1978 . Basic Behavioural Statistics , Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
   Google Scholar
• Gomez , E. D. and Mingoa-Licuanan , S. S. 2006 . Achievements and lessons learned in restocking giant clams in the Philippines . Fish. Res. , 80: : 46 – 52 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goosens , B. , Funk , S. M. , Vidal , C. , Latour , S. , Jamart , A. , Ancrenaz , M. , Wickings , E. J. , Tutin , C. E. G. and Bruford , M. W. 2002 . Measuring genetic diversity in translocation programmes: Principles and application to a chimpanzee release project . Anim. Conserv. , 5 : 225 – 236 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gopalakrishnan , A. , Musammilu , K. K. , Basheer , V. S. , John , L. , Padmakumar , K. G. , Lal , K. K. , Mohindra , V. , Punia , P. , Dinesh , K. , Manjebrayakath , H. , Ponnian , A. G. and Lakra , W. S. 2009 . Low genetic differentiation in the populations of the malabar carp Labeo dussumieri as revealed by allozymes, microsatellites and RAPD . Asian Fisheries Sci. , 22: : 359 – 391 .
   Google Scholar
• Grandjean , F. , Verne , S. , Cherbonnel , C. and Richard , A. 2009 . Fine-scale genetic structure of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) using microsatellite markers: Effects of restocking and natural recolonization . Freshwat. Biol. , 54: : 417 – 433 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilborn , R. 1998 . The economic performance of marine stock enhancement projects . Bull. Mar. Sci. , 62 : 661 – 674 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hood , G. M. 2010 . PopTools version 3.2.5 . Available from http://www.poptools.org
   Google Scholar
• Imre , I. , Grant , J. W. A. and Cunjak , R. A. 2010 . Density dependent growth of young-of-the-year Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) revisited . Ecol. Freshwat. Fish , 74: : 508 – 516 .
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , T. R. , Martin-Robichaud , D. J. and Reith , M. E. 2003 . Application of DNA markers to the management of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) broodstock . Aquaculture , 220: : 245 – 259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins , G. P. , Conron , S. D. and Morison , A. K. 2010 . Highly variable recruitment in an estuarine fish is determined by salinity stratification and freshwater flow: implications of a changing climate . Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. , 417: : 246 – 261 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins , T. M. Jr. , Diehl , S. and Kratz , K. W. 1999 . Effects of population density on individual growth of brown trout in streams . Ecology , 80: : 941 – 956 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jewel , M. A. S. , Rahman , M. M. and Islam , M. N. 2006 . Study of genetic variation in different hatchery populations of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) of mymensingh district in Bangladesh using microsatellite DNA markers . J. Bio-sci. , 14: : 113 – 120 .
   Google Scholar
• Kailola , P. J. , Williams , M. J. , Stewart , P. C. , Reichelt , R. E. , McNee , A. and Grieve , C. 1993 . Australian Fisheries Resources , Canberra : Bureau of Resources Science and the Fisheries Research Development Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Kalinowski , S. T. , Wagner , A. P. and Taper , M. L. 2006 . ML-Relate: A computer program for maximum likelihood estimation of relatedness and relationship . Mol. Ecol. Not. , 6: : 576 – 579 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kellison , G. T. , Eggleston , D. B. and Burke , J. S. 2000 . Comparative behaviour and survival of hatchery-reared wild summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 57: : 1870 – 1877 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacy , R. C. 1987 . Loss of genetic diversity from managed populations: Interacting effects of drift, mutation, immigration, selection, and population subdivision . Conserv. Biol. , 1: : 143 – 158 .
   Google Scholar
• Laevastu , T. 1965 . Manual of Methods in Fisheries Biology , Rome : FAO .
   Google Scholar
• Le Vay , L. , Carvalho , G. R. , Quinitio , E. T. , Lebata , J. H. , Ut , V. N. and Fushimi , H. 2007 . Quality of hatchery-reared juveniles for marine fisheries stock enhancement . Aquaculture , 268: : 169 – 180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leber , K. M. 1995 . Significance of fish size-at-release on enhancement of striped mullet in fisheries in Hawaii . J. World Aquacult. Soc. , 26: : 143 – 153 .
   Google Scholar
• Leber , K. M. , Cantrell , R. N. and Leung , P. 2005 . Optimizing cost-effectiveness of size at release in stock enhancement programs . N. Am. J. Fish. Manag. , 25: : 1596 – 1608 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenanton , R. C. J. 1977 . Aspects of the ecology of fish and commercial crustaceans in the Blackwood River Estuary Western Australia . West. Aust. Fish. Res. Bull. , 19 : 7 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Lenanton , R. C. J. , Ayvazian , S. G. , Dibden , C. J. , Jenkins , G. and Sarre , G. 1999 . “ The use of stock enhancement to improve the catch rates of black bream, Acanthopagrus butcheri (Munro) for Western Australian recreational fishers ” . In Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching , Edited by: Howell , B. R. , Moksness , E. and Svåsand , T. 219 – 230 . Oxford , , UK : Fishing New Books .
   Google Scholar
• Lenanton , R. C. J. and Potter , I. C. 1987 . Contribution of estuaries to commercial fisheries in temperate Western Australia and the concept of estuarine dependence . Estuaries , 10: : 28 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Lind , C. E. , Evans , B. S. , Knauer , J. , Taylor , J. J. U. and Jerry , D. R. 2009 . Decreased genetic diversity and a reduced effective population size in cultured silver-lipped pearl oysters (Pinctada maxima) . Aquaculture , 286: : 12 – 19 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lobon-Cervia , J . 2007 . Density-dependent growth in stream living Brown Trout Salmo trutta L . Funct. Ecol. , 21: : 117 – 124 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenzen , K. and Enberg , K. 2002 . Density dependent growth as a key mechanism in the regulation of fish populations: Evidence from among-population comparisons . Proc. R. Soc. Lond. , 269: : 49 – 54 . B
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenzen , K. , Leber , K. M. and Blankenship , H. L. 2010 . Responsible approach to marine stock enhancement: An update . Rev. Fish. Sci. , 18: : 189 – 210 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lü , H. , Xu , J. and Haegen , G. 2008 . Supplementing marine capture fisheries in the East China Sea: Sea ranching of prawn Penaeus orientalis, restocking of large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea, and cage culture . Rev. Fish. Sci. , 16: : 366 – 376 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall , T. C. and Spalton , J. A. 2000 . Simultaneous inbreeding and outbreeding in reintroduced Arabian oryx . Anim. Conserv. , 3: : 241 – 248 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molly , A. H. , Williams , J. E. and Hildebrand , L. R. 2005 . Recovery program review for endangered pallid sturgeon in the upper Missouri river basin . Rev. Fish. Sci. , 13: : 165 – 176 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison , A. K. , Coutin , P. C. and Robertson , S. G. 1998 . Age determination of black bream, Acanthopagrus butcheri (Sparidae), from the Gippsland Lakes of south-eastern Australia indicates slow growth and episodic recruitment . Mar. Freshwater Res. , 49: : 491 – 498 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nonnis Marzano , F. , Corradi , N. , Papa , R. , Tagliavini , J. and Gandolfi , G. 2003 . Molecular evidence for introgression and loss of genetic variability in Salmo (trutta) macrostigma as a result of massive restocking of Apennine populations (Northern and Central Italy) . Environ. Biol. Fishes , 68: : 349 – 356 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Partridge , G. J. and Jenkins , G. I. 2002 . The effect of salinity on growth and survival of juvenile black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) . Aquaculture , 210: : 219 – 230 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Partridge , G. J. , Sarre , G. A. , Hall , N. G. , Jenkins , G. I. , Chaplin , J. and Potter , I. C. 2004 . Comparisons between the growth of Acanthopagrus butcheri cultured from broodstock from two estuarine populations that are reproductively isolated and differ markedly in growth rate . Aquaculture , 231: : 51 – 81 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter , I. C. , French , D. J. W. , Jenkins , G. I. , Hesp , S. A. , Hall , N. G. and DeLestang , S. 2008 . Comparisons of the growth and gonadal development of otolith-stained, cultured black bream, Acanthopagrus butcheri, in an estuary . Rev. Fish. Sci. , 16: : 303 – 316 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter , I. C. and Hyndes , G. A. 1999 . Characteristics of the ichthyofaunas of south-western Australian estuaries, including comparisons with holarctic estuaries and estuaries elsewhere in temperate Australia: A review . Aust. J. Ecol. , 24: : 395 – 421 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powers , S. P. , Peterson , C. H. , Christian , R. R. , Sullivan , E. , Powers , M. J. , Bishop , M. J. and Buzzelli , C. P. 2005 . Effects of eutrophication on bottom habitat and prey resources of demersal fishes . Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. , 302: : 233 – 243 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raymond , M. and Rousset , F. 1995a . An exact test for population differentiation . Evolution , 49 : 1280 – 1283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raymond , M. and Rousset , F. 1995b . GENEPOP (version 1.2): A population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenism . J. Hered. , 86: : 248 – 249 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rice , W. R. 1989 . Analysing tables of statistical tests . Evolution , 43: : 223 – 225 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roodt-Wilding , R. 2007 . Abalone ranching: A review on genetic considerations . Aquac. Res. , 38: : 1229 – 1241 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross , K. G. , Vargo , E. L. , Keller , L. and Trager , J. C. 1993 . Effect of a founder effect on variation in the genetic sex-determining system of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta . Genetics , 135: : 843 – 854 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryman , N. and Laikre , L. 1991 . Effects of supportive breeding on the genetically effective population size . Cons. Biol. , 5: : 325 – 329 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarre , G. A. and Potter , I. C. 1999 . Comparisons between the reproductive biology of black bream Acanthopagrus butcheri (Teleostei: Sparidae) in four estuaries with widely differing characteristics . Int. J. Salt Lake Res. , 8: : 179 – 210 .
   Google Scholar
• Sarre , G. A. and Potter , I. C. 2000 . The age composition and growth rates of Acanthopargus butcheri (Sparidae) vary among estuaries: some possible contributing factors . Fish. Bull. , 98: : 785 – 799 .
   Google Scholar
• Sato , S. , Watanabe , N. , Miyauchi , Y. , Chiba , T. , Iida , M. , Okamoto , Y. and Ohnuki , T. 2011 . Release of otolith marked salmon from Japan in fall of 2010 and spring of 2011 11 NPAFC Doc. 1347
   Google Scholar
• Schuelke , M. 2000 . An economic method for the fluorescent labeling of PCR fragments . Nat. Biotechnol. , 18: : 233 – 234 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Secor , D. H. and Houde , E. D. 1998 . Use of larval stocking in restoration of Chesapeake Bay striped bass . ICES J. Mar. Sci. , 55: : 228 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , S. A. , Hartman , K. H. and Pasnik , D. J. 2003 . New and old diseases of cultured perch, Perca flavescens . Glob. Aquac. Alliance Advocate , 6: : 10 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Sriphairoj , K. , Kamonrat , W. and Na-Nakorn , U. 2007 . Genetic aspect in broodstock management of the critically endangered Mekong giant catfish, Pangasianodon gigas in Thailand . Aquaculture , 264: : 36 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strøttup , J. G. , Overton , J. L. , Paulsen , H. , Möllmann , C. , Tomkiewicz , J. , Pedersen , P. B. and Lauesen , P. 2008 . Rationale for restocking the eastern Baltic cod stock . Rev. Fish. Sci. , 16: : 58 – 64 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takagi , M. , Taniguchi , N. , Cook , D. and Doyle , R. W. 1997 . Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from red sea bream Pagrus major and detection in closely related species . Fish. Sci. , 63: : 199 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tallmon , D. A. , Koyuk , A. , Luikart , G. and Beaumont , M. A. 2008 . ONESAMP: A program to estimate population size using approximate Bayesian computation . Mol. Ecol.Res. , 8: : 299 – 301 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taniguchi , N. 2004 . Genetic factors in broodstock management for seed production . Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. , 13: : 177 – 185 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Travis , J. , Coleman , F. C. , Grimes , C. B. , Conover , D. , Bert , T. M. and Tringali , M. 1998 . Critically assessing stock enhancement: An introduction to the Mote Symposium . Bull. Mar. Sci. , 62: : 305 – 311 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tringali , M. D. and Bert , T. M. 1998 . Risk to genetic effective population size should be an important consideration in fish stock-enhancement programs . Bull. Mar. Sci. , 62: : 641 – 659 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsukamoto , K. , Kuwada , H. and Hirokawa , J. 1989 . Size-dependent mortality of red sea bream, Pagrus major, juveniles released with fluorescent otolith-tags in New Bay, Japan . J. Fish Biol. , 35: : 59 – 69 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward , R. D. 2006 . The importance of identifying spatial population structure in restocking and stock enhancement programmes . Fish. Res. , 80: : 9 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss , S. and Schmutz , S. 1999 . Performance of hatchery-reared brown trout and their effects on wild fish in two small Austrian streams . Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. , 128: : 302 – 316 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willi , Y. , Van Buskirk , J. and Hoffmann , A. A. 2006 . Limits to the adaptive potential of small populations . Annu. Rev. Ecol., Evol. Syst. , 37: : 433 – 458 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williot , P. , Rouault , T. , Pelard , M. , Mercier , D. and Jacobs , L. 2009 . Artificial reproduction and larval rearing of captive endangered sturgeon Acipenser sturio . End. Spec. Res. , 6: : 251 – 257 .
   Google Scholar
• Willis , S. A. , Falls , W. W. , Dennis , C. W. , Roberts , D. E. and Whitchurch , P. G. 1995 . Assessment of season of release and size at release on recapture rates of hatchery-reared red drum . Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. , 15: : 354 – 365 .
   Google Scholar
• Yap , E. S. , Spencer , P. B. S. , Chaplin , J. A. and Potter , I. C. 2000 . The estuarine teleost, Acanthopagrus butcheri (Sparidae), shows low levels of polymorphism at five microsatellite loci . Mol. Ecol. , 9: : 2225 – 2226 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zar , J. H. 1999 . Biostatistical Analysis , Upper Saddle River , NJ : Pearson Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar