Parents' Presumed Persuasion Knowledge of Children's Advergames: The Influence of Advertising Disclosure Modality and Cognitive Load

References

• Aiken, Leona S., and Stephen G. West. 1991. Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• An, Soontae and Susannah Stern. 2011. “Mitigating the Effects of Advergames on Children: Do Advertising Breaks Work?” Journal of Advertising 40 (1): 43–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews, J. Craig. 2011. “Warnings and Disclosures.” In Communicating Risks and Benefits: An Evidence-Based User's Guide, edited by B. Fischhoff, N. T. Brewer, and J. S. Downs, 149--62. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration.
   Google Scholar
• Barlow, Todd, and Michael S. Wogalter. 1993. “Alcoholic Beverage Warnings in Magazine and Television Advertisements.” Journal of Consumer Research 20 (1): 147–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boerman, Sophie C., Eva A. Reijmersdal, and Peter C. Neijens. 2012. “Sponsorship Disclosure: Effects of Duration on Persuasion Knowledge and Brand Responses.” Journal of Communication 62 (6): 1047–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camp, Gino, Fred Pass, Remy Rikers, and Jeroen van Merriënboer. 2001. “Dynamic Problem Selection in Air Traffic Control Training: A Comparison Between Performance, Mental Effort and Mental Efficiency.” Computers in Human Behavior 17:575–95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, Margaret, and Amna Kirmani. 2000. “Consumers' Use of Persuasion Knowledge: The Effects of Accessibility and Cognitive Capacity on Perceptions of an Influence Agent.” Journal of Consumer Research 27 (June): 69–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson, Les and Sanford Grossbart. 1988. “Parental Style and Consumer Socialization of Children.” Journal of Consumer Research 15 (1): 77–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cauberghe, Verolein, and Patrick de Pelsmacker. 2010. “Advergames: The Impact of Brand Prominence and Game Repetition on Brand Responses.” Journal of Advertising 39 (1): 5–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, Yung Kyun, Sung mi Lee, and Hairong Li. 2013. “Audio and Visual Distractions and Implicit Brand Memory: A Study of Video Game Players.” Journal of Advertising 42 (2–3): 219–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu, Suh-Chuan, and Sara Kamal. 2011. “An Investigation of Social Media Usage, Brand Consciousness, and Purchase Intention Towards Luxury Products Among Millenials.” In Advances in Advertising Research: Breaking New Ground in Theory and Practice, edited by S. Okazaki Gabler, vol. II, 179--90. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, H. Harvey, Joseph Cohen, Christina C. Mendat, and Michael S. Wogalter. 2006. “Warning Channel: Modality and Media.” In Handbook of Warnings, edited by M. S. Wogalter, 123–34. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Crosby, Lawrence A., and Sanford L. Grossbart. 1984. “Parental Style Segments and Concern about Children's Food Advertising.” Current Issues and Research in Advertising 7 (1): 43–63.
   Google Scholar
• Crowne, Dogulas, and David Marlowe. 1964. The Approval Motive: Studies in Evaluative Independence. New York, NY: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Eagle, Lynne. 2007. “Commercial Literacy: What Does It Do, to Whom—and Does It Matter?” Journal of Advertising 26(2): 101–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emarketer.com. 2013. “Digital Households Keep Kids Connected.” http://www.emarketer.com/Article/Digital-Households-Keep-Kids-Connected/1009609
   Google Scholar
• Evans, Nathaniel, Les Carlson, and Mariea Grubbs Hoy. 2013. “Coddling Our Kids: Can Parenting Style Affect Attitudes Toward Advergames?” Journal of Advertising 42 (2–3): 228–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Federal Trade Commission. 1970. “Statement of Enforcement Policy” (October 21). CCH Trade Regulation Reporter, 7569.09.
   Google Scholar
• Federal Trade Commission. 2013a. “.com Disclosures: How to Make Effective Disclosures in Digital Advertising.” Accessed March 2013. http://www.ftc.gov/sites/default/files/attachments/press-releases/ftc-staff-revises-online-advertising-disclosure-guidelines/130312dotcomdisclosures.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Federal Trade Commission. 2013b. “FTC to Examine Sponsored Content Online Advertising.” Accessed September 16, 2013. http://thehill.com/blogs/hillicon-valley/technology/322471-ftc-to-examine-sponsored-content-online#ixzz2h2m7Eqax
   Google Scholar
• Friestad, Marian, and Peter Wright. 1994. “The Persuasion Knowledge Model: How People Cope with Persuasion Attempts.” Journal of Consumer Research 21 (June): 1–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gangestad, Steve, and Mark Snyder. 1985. “‘To Carve Nature at Its Joints’: On the Existence of Discrete Classes in Personality.” Psychological Review 92 (3): 317–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilbert, Daniel T., and Randall E. Osborne. 1989. “Thinking Backward: Some Curable and Incurable Consequences of Cognitive Busyness.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57 (December): 940–49.
   Google Scholar
• Griffin, Robert J., Sharon Dunwoody, and Kurt Neuwirth. 1999. “Proposed Model of the Relationship of Risk Information Seeking and Processing to the Development of Preventative Behaviors.” Environmental Research, Section A 80:S230–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimes, Sarah M., and Leslie Regan Shade. 2005. “Neopian Economics of Play: Children's Cyberpets and Online Communities as Immersive Advertising in NeoPets.com.” International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics 1 (2): 181–98. doi:10.1386/macp.1.2.181/1
   Google Scholar
• Henry, Anna E., and Mary Story. 2009. “Food and Beverage Brands that Market to Children and Adolescents on the Internet: A Content Analysis of Branded Web Sites.” Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 41 (5): 353–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez, Monica D. 2011. “A Model of Flow Experience as Determinant of Positive Attitudes Toward Online Advergames.” Journal of Promotion Management 17 (3): 315–26.
   Google Scholar
• Hoy, Mariea Grubbs, and J. Craig Andrews. 2004. “Adherence of Prime-Time Televised Advertising Disclosures to the ‘Clear and Conspicuous’ Standard: 1990 Versus 2002.” Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 23 (2): 170–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Interactive Advertising Bureau. 2013. “The Native Advertising Playbook.” Accessed December4 2013. http://www.iab.net/media/file/IAB-Native-Advertising-Playbook2.pdf
   Google Scholar
• John, Deborah R. 1999. “Consumer Socialization of Children: A Retrospective Look at Twenty-Five Years of Research.” Journal of Consumer Research 26 (3): 183–213.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaikati, Andrew M., and Jack G. Kaikati. 2004. “Stealth Marketing: How to Reach Consumers Surreptitiously.” California Management Review 46 (4): 6–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinard, Brian R., and Katherine B. Hartman. 2013. “Are You Entertained? The Impact of Brand Integration and Brand Experience in Television-Related Advergames.” Journal of Advertising 42 (2–3): 196–203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang, Annie. 2000. “The Limited Capacity Model of Mediated Message Processing.” Journal of Communication 50: 46–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livingstone, Sonia, and Magdalena Bober. 2006. “Regulating the Internet at Home: Contrasting the Perspectives of Children and Parents.” In Digital Generations: Children, Young People and New Media, edited by D. Buckingham and R. Willett, 93--114. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• MacCallum, Robert C., Shaobo Zhang, Kristopher J. Preacher, and Derek D. Rucker. 2002. “On the Practice of Dichotomization of Quantitative Variables.” Psychological Methods 7 (1): 19–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mallinckrodt, Victoria, and Dick Mizerski. 2007. “The Effects of Playing an Advergame on Young Children's Perceptions, Preferences, and Requests.” Journal of Advertising 36 (2): 87–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, Elizabeth S., and Victoria J. Rideout. 2007. “The Online Marketing of Food to Children: Is It Just Fun and Games?” Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 26 (2): 202–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, Louis A., Michael B. Mazis, and David Brinberg. 1989. “Risk Disclosures in Televised Prescription Drug Advertising to Consumers.” Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 8 (1): 64–80.
   Google Scholar
• Murray, Noel M., Lalita A. Manrai, and Ajay K. Manrai. 1998. “How Super Are Video Supers? A Test of Communication Efficacy.” Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 17 (1): 24–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, Michelle R., Heejo Keum, and Ronald Yaros. 2004. “Advertainment or Adcreep? Game Players' Attitudes Toward Advertising and Product Placements in Computer Games.” Journal of Interactive Advertising 5 (1): 3--21.
   Google Scholar
• Nowak, Peter. 2010. “Parents Unaware of Kids' Online Gaming: Survey.” http://www.cbc.ca/technology/story/2010/09/28/video-games-children.html.
   Google Scholar
• Owens, Laura, Charlie Lewis, Susan Auty, and Moniek Buijzen. 2013. “Is Children's Understanding of Non-Traditional Advertising Comparable to Their Understanding of Television Advertising?” Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 32 (2): 195–206.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paas, Fred, and Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer. 1993. “The Efficiency of Instructional Conditions: An Approach to Combine Mental Effort and Performance Measures.” Human Factors 35: 737–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paivio, Alan. 1971. Imagery and Verbal Processes. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
   Google Scholar
• Panic, Katarina, Verolien Cauberghe, and Patrick De Pelsmacker. 2013. “Comparing TV Ads and Advergames Targeting Children: The Impact of Persuasion Knowledge on Behavioral Responses.” Journal of Advertising 42 (2–3): 264–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petty, Ross D., and Craig J. Andrews. 2008. “Covert Marketing Unmasked: A Legal and Regulatory Guide for Practices That Mask Marketing Messages.” Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 27 (1): 7–18. doi:10.1509/jppm.27.1.7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rienhard, Marc-Andre, and Siegfried L. Sporer. 2008. “Verbal and Nonverbal Behaviour as a Basis for Credibility Attribution: The Impact of Task Involvement and Cognitive Capacity.” Journal of Experimental Psychology 44:477–88.
   Google Scholar
• Rozendaal, Esther, Moniek Buijzen, and Patti Valkenburg. 2010. “Comparing Children's and Adults' Cognitive Advertising Competences in the Netherlands.” Journal of Children and Media 4: 77–89.
   Google Scholar
• Schrader, Claudia, and Theo J. Bastiaens. 2012. “The Influence of Virtual Presence: Effects on Experienced Cognitive Load and Learning Outcomes in Educational Computer Games.” Computers in Human Behavior 28 (2): 648–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrum, L. J., Min Liu, Mark Nespoli, and Tina M. Lowrey. 2012. “Persuasion in the Marketplace: How Theories of Persuasion Apply to Marketing and Advertising.” In The Persuasion Handbook, edited by James Dillard and Lijiang Shen, 314--30. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Simon, Banbury, William Macken, Sebastian Tremblay, and Dylan Jones. 2001. “Auditory Distraction and Short-Term Memory: Phenomena and Practical Implications.” Human Factors 42 (1): 12–29.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Sandra J. 1990. “The Impact of Product Usage Warnings in Alcoholic Beverage Advertising.” Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 9 (1): 16–29.
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka, Koichi. (1994) 1999. Advertising Language: A Pragmatic Approach to Advertisements in Britain and Japan. London, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, Veronica, Kendra Fowler, and Richard H. Kolbe. 2011. “The Implications of the FTC's Clear and Conspicuous Standards for the Communication of Credit Card Information to Young Consumers.” Journal of Financial Services Marketing 16 (3–4): 195–209.
   Google Scholar
• Tutaj, Karolina, and Eva A. van Reijmersdal. 2012. “Effects of Online Advertising Format and Persuasion Knowledge on Audience Reactions.” Journal of Marketing Communications 18 (1): 5–18.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, Kristi, Mary Story, and Lisa Harnack. 2006. “Internet Food Marketing Strategies Aimed at Children and Adolescents: A Content Analysis of Food and Beverage Brand Web Sites.” Journal of the American Dietetic Association 106 (9): 1463–66.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wei, Mei-Ling, Eileen Fischer, and Kelly J. Main. 2008. “An Examination of the Effects of Activating Persuasion Knowledge on Consumer Response to Brands Engaging in Covert Marketing.” Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 27 (1): 34–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WGAW. 2008. “Comments Before the Federal Communications Commission in the Matter of Sponsorship Identification Rules.” MB 08–90. https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-08-2311A1.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Wolin, Lori. D., Pradeep Korgaonkar, and Daulatram Lund. 2002. “Beliefs, Attitudes and Behaviour Towards Web Advertising.” International Journal of Advertising 21 (1): 87–113.
   Google Scholar
• Wright, Peter, Marian Friestad, and David M. Boush. 2005. “The Development of Marketplace Persuasion Knowledge in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.” Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 24 (2): 222–33.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin, Bo, Fang Chen, Natalie Ruiz, and Eliathamby Ambikairajah. 2008. “Speech-Based Cognitive Load Monitoring System.” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 2041–44. Las Vegas, NV.
   Google Scholar
• Yoon, Suki, Yung Kyun Choi, and Sujin Song. 2011. “When Intrusive Can be Likable: Product Placement Effects on Multitasking Consumers.” Journal of Advertising 40 (2): 63–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yun, Chan, Y. 2009. The Effects of Persuasion Knowledge on Click-Through of Keyword Search Ads: Moderating Role of Search Task and Perceived Fairness.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 86 (2): 401–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar