857
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Norm Effects on Gender in Social Marketing Advertising Campaigns Promoting Savings Behavior

, &

References

  • Ahn, Hongmin, Young-A Song, and Yongjun Sung. 2011. “When the Going Gets Tough, Ads Become Straightforward But Multi-Appealed: The Influence of the Recession on Financial Services Advertising Appeals.” Journal of Financial Services Marketing 15 (3/4): 230–43.
  • Albers-Miller, Nancy D., and Robert D. Straughan. 2000. “Financial Services Advertising in Eight Non-English Speaking Countries.” International Journal of Bank Marketing 18 (7): 347–57.
  • Alberts, Jess K., Michelle A. Miller-Rassulo, and Michael L. Hecht. 1991. “A Typology of Drug Resistance Strategies.” Journal of Applied Communication Research 19 (August): 129–51.
  • Alreck, Pamela L. 2000. “Consumer Age Role Norms, Then and Now.” Psychology & Marketing 17 (October): 891–909.
  • Aridas, Tina, and Valentina Pasquali. 2010. “Household Savings Rates by Country”. Global Finance. Accessed January 20, 2014. http://www.gfmag.com/tools/global-database/economic-data/12065-household-saving-rates.html#axzz2xZUO7z7K
  • Arnett, Jeffrey. 1994. “Sensation Seeking: A New Conceptualization and A New Scale.” Personality and Individual Differences 16 (September): 289–96.
  • Bakan, David. 1966. The Duality of Human Existence: Isolation and Communion in Western Man. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
  • Bandura, Albert. 1986. Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Baron, Robert S., Norbert L. Kerr, and Norman Miller. 1992. Group Processes, Group Decision, Group Action. Pacific Grove: CA: Thompson Brooks/Cole.
  • Bem, Sandra. L. 1974. “The Measurement of Psychological Androgyny.” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 42 (April): 155–62.
  • Bendor, Jonathan, and Piotr Swistak. 2001. “The Evolution of Norms.” American Journal of Sociology 106 (May): 1493–545.
  • Bernard, Tara Siegel. 2015. “Not All Financial Advice Is Created Equal.” Dallas Morning News, March 3, p. 3D.
  • Burnkrant, Robert E., and Alain Cousineau. 1975. “Informational and Normative Social Influence in Buyer Behavior.” Journal of Consumer research 2 (December): 206–15.
  • Burtless, Gary. 2006. “Cross-National Evidence on the Burden of Age-Related Public Transfers and Health Benefits.” Working Paper 2006–6, Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, Boston, MA.
  • Cialdini, Robert. B. 2001. Influence: Science and Practice. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Cialdini, Robert. B. 2003. “Crafting Normative Messages to Protect the Environment.” Current Directions in Psychological Science 12 (August): 105–9.
  • Cialdini, Robert B., Raymond R. Reno, and Carl A. Kallgren. 1990. “A Focus Theory of Normative Conduct: Recycling the Concept of Norms to Reduce Littering in Public Places.” Journal of Personality And Social Psychology 58 (June): 1015–26.
  • Costa, Paul, Jr., Antonio Terracciano, and Robert R. McCrae. 2001. “Gender Differences in Personality Traits Across Cultures: Robust and Surprising Findings.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81 (August): 322–31.
  • Darley, William K., and Robert E. Smith. 1995. “Gender Differences in Information Processing Strategies: An Empirical Test of the Selectivity Model in Advertising Response.” Journal of Advertising 24 (April): 41–56.
  • Federal Reserve. 2013. “American Family Financial Statistics.” Accessed January 15, 2014. http://www.statisticbrain.com/american-family-financial-statistics/
  • Fischer, Eileen, and Stephen J. Arnold. 1994. “Sex, Gender Identity, Gender Role Attitudes, and Consumer Behavior.” Psychology & Marketing 11: 163–82.
  • Forlani, David. 2013. “How Task Structure and Outcome Comparisons Influence Women's and Men's Risk-Taking Self-Efficacies: A Multi-Study Exploration.” Psychology & Marketing 12 (December): 1088–107.
  • Garon, Sheldon. 2012. Beyond Our Means: Why America Spends While the World Saves. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Glick, Peter, and Susan T. Fiske. 2001. “An Ambivalent Alliance: Hostile and Benevolent Sexism as Complementary Justifications for Gender Inequality.” American Psychologist 56 (February): 109.
  • Goldstein, Noah J., Robert B. Cialdini, and Vladas Griskevicius. 2008. “A Room With a Viewpoint: Using Social Norms to Motivate Environmental Conservation in Hotels.” Journal of Consumer Research 35 (March): 472–82.
  • Gunther, Albert C., Daniel Bolt, Dina L. G. Borzekowski, Janice L. Liebhart, and James Price Dillard. 2006. “Presumed Influence on Peer Norms: How Mass Media Indirectly Affect Adolescent Smoking.” Journal of Communication 56 (March): 52–68.
  • Heine, Steven J., Darrin R. Lehman, Hazel Rose Markus, and Shinobu Kitayama. 1999. “Is There A Universal Need for Positive Self-Regard?” Psychological Review 106 (October): 766–94.
  • Helman, Ruth, Nevin Adams, Craig Copeland, and Jack VanDerhei. 2013. “The 2013 Retirement Confidence Survey: Perceived Savings Needs Outpace Reality For Many.” Issue Brief 384: 1–36.
  • Hofstede, Geert. 1980. Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Jones, Edward Ellsworth, and Harold Gerard. 1967. Foundations of Social Psychology. Oxford, England: Wiley.
  • Josephs, Robert A., Hazel R. Markus, and Romin W. Tafarodi. 1992. “Gender and Self-Esteem.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 63 (September): 391–402.
  • Lee, Taejun (David), Wonjun Chung, and Eric Haley. 2011. “Adherence of Retirement Mutual Fund Providers to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)’s Advertising Guidance: Provision and Readability of Advertising Disclosure.” Journal of Consumer Policy 34: 455–74.
  • Lee, Taejun (David), Wonjun Chung, and Ronald E. Taylor. 2011. “A Strategic Response to the Financial Crisis: An Empirical Analysis of Financial Services Advertising Before and During the Financial Crisis.” Journal of Services Marketing 35(3): 150–64.
  • Meyers-Levy, Joan, and Durairaj Maheswaran. 1991. “Exploring Differences in Males’ and Females’ Processing Strategies.” Journal of Consumer Research 18 (June): 63–70.
  • Mizuno, Yuko, Brenda Seals, May Kennedy, and Jaana Myllyluoma. 2000. “Predictors of Teens’ Attitudes toward Condoms: Gender Differences in the Effects of Norms.” Journal of Applied Social Psychology 30 (July): 1381–95.
  • Nabi, Robin L., Emily Moyer-Gusé, and Sahara Byrne. 2007. “All Joking Aside: A Serious Investigation into the Persuasive Effect of Funny Social Issue Messages.” Communication Monographs 74 (March): 29–54.
  • Ohbuchi, Ken-Ichi, Toru Tamura, Brian M. Quigley, James T. Tedeschi, Nawaf Madi, Michael H. Bond, and Amelie Mummendey. 2004. “Anger, Blame, and Dimensions of Perceived Norm Violations: Culture, Gender, and Relationships.” Journal of Applied Social Psychology 34 (August): 1587–603.
  • Olds, R. Scott, and Dennis L. Thombs. 2001. “The Relationship of Adolescent Perceptions of Peer Norms and Parent Involvement to Cigarette and Alcohol Use.” Journal of School Health 71 (August): 223–28.
  • Olsen, Robert A., and Constance M. Cox. 2001. “The Influence of Gender on the Perception and Response to Investment Risk.” Journal of Psychology and Financial Markets 2 (March): 29–36.
  • Palda, Kristian S. 1966. “The Hypothesis of A Hierarchy of Effects: A Partial Evaluation.” Journal of Marketing Research 3 (February): 13–24.
  • Passyn, Kirsten, and Mita Sujan. 2006. “Self-Accountability Emotions and Fear Appeals: Motivating Behavior.” Journal of Consumer Research 32 (March): 583–89.
  • Perkins, H. Wesley, and Alan D. Berkowitz. 1986. “Perceiving the Community Norms of Alcohol Use Among Students: Some Research Implications for Campus Alcohol Education Programming.” Substance Use & Misuse 21 (November): 961–76.
  • Pitt, Leyland. 2011. “Advertising Financial Services: Introduction to Special Issue.” Journal of Financial Services Marketing 16: 171–72.
  • Pratto, Felicia, Jim Sidanius, Lisa M. Stallworth, and Bertram F. Malle. 1994. “Social Dominance Orientation: A Personality Variable Predicting Social and Political Attitudes.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67 (October): 741–63.
  • PR Newswire. 2014. “New ING U.S. Ad Campaign Underscores Importance of Saving “Orange Money” for Retirement.” PR Newswire Association. Accessed August 2, 2015. http://corporate.voya.com/newsroom/news-releases/new-ing-us-ad-campaign-underscores-importance-saving-“orange-money
  • Ramanathan, Suresh, and Sanjay K. Dhar. 2010). “The Effect of Sales Promotion on the Size and Composition of the Shopping Basket: Regulatory vs. Compatibility from Framing and Temporal Restrictions.” Journal of Marketing Research 47 (June): 542–52.
  • Reed, Americus II. 2004. “Activating the Self-Importance of Consumer Selves: Exploring Identity Salience Effects on Judgments.” Journal of Consumer Research 31 (September): 286–95.
  • Reybern, Stan. 2010. “How Much Do Americans Save.” Accessed November 20, 2013. http://www.billshrink.com/blog/10053/how-much-do-american-save/
  • Rivis, Amanda, and Paschal Sheeran. 2003. “Descriptive Norms as An Additional Predictor in the Theory of Planned Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis.” Current Psychology 22 (September): 218–33.
  • Ross, Lee, David Greene, and Pamela House. 1977. “The ‘False Consensus Effect’: An Egocentric Bias in Social Perception and Attribution Processes.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 13 (May): 279–301.
  • Schaninger, Charles M., and W. Christian Buss. 2006. “The Relationship of Sex-Role Norms to Household Task Allocation.” Psychology & Marketing 2 (July): 93–104.
  • Schlosser, Ann. E. 2005. “Posting versus Lurking: Communicating in a Multiple Audience Context.” Journal of Consumer Research 32 (September): 260–65.
  • Sidanius, Jim, Felicia Pratto, and Lawrence Bobo. 1994. “Social Dominance Orientation and the Political Psychology of Gender: A Case of Invariance?” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67 (December): 998–1011.
  • Starr, Marthar A. 2009. “The Social Economics of Ethical Consumption: Theoretical Considerations and Empirical Evidence.” Journal of Socio-Economics 38 (December): 916–25.
  • Tajfel, Henri, and John C. Turner. 1986. “The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behaviour.” In Psychology of Intergroup Relations, edited by Stephen Worchel and William G. Austin, 7–24. Chicago, IL: Nelson-Hall.
  • U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2014. “U.S. United States Personal Savings Rate.” Accessed January 1, 2014. http://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-states/personal-savings
  • Van Boven, Leaf, Joanne Kane, A. Peter McGraw, and Jeannette Dale. 2010. “Feeling Close: Emotional Intensity Reduces Perceived Psychological Distance.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 98 (June): 872.
  • Wang, Xiao. 2011. “The Role of Anticipated Guilt in Intentions to Register as Organ Donors and to Discuss Organ Donation With Family.” Health Communication 26 (June): 683–90.
  • Weitzman, Lenore J. 1979. Sex Role Socialization. Palo Alto, CA: Mayfield.
  • Wilcox, Ronald T. 2008. “Whatever Happened to Thrift?: Why Americans Don't Save and What to Do About It.” www.statisticbrain.com/american-family-financial-statistics/
  • Witte, Kim, Kenzie A. Cameron, Janet K. Mckeon, and Judy M. Berkowitz. 1996. “Predicting Risk Behaviors: Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Scale.” Journal of Health Communication 1: 317–42.
  • Woller, Kevin M. P., Walter C. Buboltz, and James M. Loveland. 2007. “Psychological Reactance: Examination across Age, Ethnicity, and Gender.” American Journal of Psychology 120: 15–24.
  • Yoon, Hye Jin, and Yeuseung Kim. 2014. “The Moderating Role of Gender Identity in Responses to Comedic Violence in Advertising.” Journal of Advertising 43: 382–96.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.