High morning blood pressure surge is associated with oxidative stress and paraoxonase 1 activity in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients

References

• Lip GY. Target organ damage and the prothrombotic state in hypertension. Hypertension 2000; 36:975–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yıldız G, Hur E, Ozcicek A, et al. The mean platelet volume and atherogenic index of plasma in nondipper normotensive individuals compared to dippers. Clin Exp Hypertens 2013;35:35–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kario K. Essential manual of 24-hour blood pressure management from morning to nocturnal hypertension. Wiley-Blackwell: London, UK; 2015; pp. 1–138.
   Google Scholar
• Gur M, Turkoglu C, Taskın A et al. Paraoxonase-1 activity and oxidative stress in patients with anterior ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with and without no-reflow. Atherosclerosis 2014;234 415–420.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker LB. New concepts in reactive oxygen species and cardiovascular reperfusion physiology. Cardiovasc Res 2004;61:461–470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB et al; Chamber Quantification Writing Group. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography’s Guidelines and Standards Committee and The Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18:1440–63.
   Google Scholar
• Schiller NB, Shah PM, Crawford M et al. Recommendations for quantitation of the left ventricle by two-dimensional echocardiography. American Society of Echocardiography Committee on Standards, Subcommittee on Quantitation of Two-Dimensional Echocardiograms. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1989;2:358–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devereux RB, Reichek N. Echocardiographic determination of left ventricular mass in man. Anatomic validation of the method. Circulation 1977;55:613–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stergiou GS, Salgami EV. World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension (WHO-ISH); USA Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (JNC-7); European Society of Hypertension-European Society of Cardiology (ESH-ESC). New European, American and International guidelines for hypertension management: agreement and disagreement. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2004;2:359–68.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Porcellati C. Dippers versus non-dippers. J Hypertens Suppl 1991;9:42–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kario K. Orthostatic hypertension - a new haemodynamic cardiovascular risk factor. Nat Rev Nephrol 2013;9:726–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickering TG, Shimbo D, Haas D. Ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring. N Engl J Med 2006;354:2368–74. [CrossRef]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kario K, Pickering TG, Umeda Y et al. Morning surge in blood pressure as a predictor of silent and clinical cerebrovascular disease in elderly hypertensives: a prospective study. Circulation 2003;107:1401–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckerson HW, Wyte CM, La Du BN. The human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase polymorphism. Am J Hum Genet 1983;35:1126–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erel O. A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions. Clin Biochem 2004;37:112–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erel O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin Biochem 2005;38:1103–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gosse P, Lasserre R, Minifie C, et al. Blood pressure surge on rising. J Hypertens 2004;22:1113–1118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierdomenico SD, Pierdomenico AM, Tommaso RD et al. Morning blood pressure surge, dipping and risk of coronary events in elderly treated hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens. 2016; Jan;29(1):39–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierdomenico SD, Pierdomenico AM, Cuccurullo F. Morning blood pressure surge, dipping, and risk of ischemic stroke in elderly patients treated for hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2014;27:564–570.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller AA, Budzyn K, Sobey CG. Vascular dysfunction in cerebrovascular disease: mechanisms and therapeutic intervention. Clinical Science 2010;119, 1–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitocco D, Tesauro M, Alessandro R, et al. Oxidative stress in diabetes: implications for vascular and other complications. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14(11):21525–21550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Bisgaier CL et al. Paraoxonase inhibits high-density lipoprotein oxidation and preserves its functions. A possible peroxidative role for paraoxonase. J Clin Invest 1998;101:1581–1590.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkar PD, Madhusudhan, TMS B. Association between paraoxonase activity and lipid levels in patients with prematüre coronary artery disease. Clin Chim Acta 2006;373:77–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tartan Z, Orhan G, Kasikcioglu H et al. The role of paraoxonase (PON) enzyme in the extent and severity of the coronary artery disease in type-2 diabetic patients. Heart Vessels 2007;22:158–164.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gur M, Caylı M, Ucar H et al. Paraoxonase (PON1) activity in patients with subclinical thoracic aortic atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014;30:889–895.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackness MI, Mackness B, Durrington PN. Paraoxonase and coronary heart disease. Atheroscler Suppl 2002;3:49–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zalba G, Fortuño A, San José G et al. Oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and cerebrovascular disease. Cerebrovasc Dis 2007;24 Suppl 1:24–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Mazzotta G et al. Day-night dip and early-morning surge in blood pressure in hypertension: prognostic implications. Hypertension 2012;60:34–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White WB. Relevance of blood pressure variation in the circadian onset of cardiovascular events. J Hypertens Suppl 2003;21:9–15.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kario K. Morning surge in blood pressure and cardiovascular risk: evidence and perspectives. Hypertension 2010;56:765–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kario K. Prognosis in relation to blood pressure variability: pro side of the argument. Hypertension 2015;65:1163–1169.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asayama K, Wei FF, Hara A et al. Prognosis in relation to blood pressure variability: con side of the argument. Hypertension 2015;65:1170–1179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller JE, Ludmer PL, Willich SN et al. Circadian variation in the frequency of sudden cardiac death. Circulation 1987;75:131–138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller JE, Tofler GH, Stone PH. Circadian variation and triggers of onset of acute cardiovascular disease. Circulation 1989;79:733–743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliott WJ. Circadian variation in the timing of stroke onset: a metaanalysis. Stroke 1998;29:992–996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kario K. Vascular damage in exaggerated morning surge in blood pressure. Hypertension 2007;49:771–772.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marfella R, Siniscalchi M, Portoghese M, et al. Morning blood pressure surge as a destabilizing factor of atherosclerotic plaque: role of ubiquitinproteasome activity. Hypertension 2007;49:784–791.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turak O, Afsar B, Ozcan F et al. Relationship between elevated morning blood pressure surge, uric acid, and cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2014;16:530–535.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amodeo C, Guimaraes GG, Picotti JC, et al. Morning blood pressure surge is associated with death in hypertensive patients. Blood Press Monit 2014;19:199–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metoki H, Ohkubo T, Kikuya M et al. Prognostic significance for stroke of a morning pressor surge and a nocturnal blood pressure decline: the Ohasama study. Hypertension 2006;47:149–154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amici A, Cicconetti P, Sagrafoli C et al. Exaggerated morning blood pressure surge and cardiovascular events. A 5-year longitudinal study in normotensive and well-controlled hypertensive elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2009;49:105–109.
   Google Scholar
• Shimizu M, Ishikawa J, Yano Y et al. The relationship between the morning blood pressure surge and low-grade inflammation on silent cerebral infarct and clinical stroke events. Atherosclerosis 2011;219:316–321.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackness B, Davies GK, Turkie W et al. Paraoxonase status in coronary heart disease. Are activity and concentration more important than genotype? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001;21:1451–1457.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarvik GP, Rozek LS, Brophy VH et al. Paraoxonase (PON1) phenotype is a better predictor of vascular disease than is PON1(192) or PON1(55) genotype. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000;20:2441–2447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa LG, Vitalone A, Cole TB, Furlong CE. Modulation of paraoxonase (PON1) activity. Biochem Pharmacol 2005;69:541–550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta N, Binu KB, Singh S et al. Low serum PON1 activity: an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in North-West Indian type 2 diabetics. Gene 2012;498:13–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar