1,661
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Emodin ameliorates myocardial fibrosis in mice by inactivating the ROS/PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis

, , , , &
Article: 2326022 | Received 22 Nov 2023, Accepted 26 Feb 2024, Published online: 20 Mar 2024

References

  • Van Riet EE, Hoes AW, Wagenaar KP, Limburg A, Landman MA, Rutten FH. Epidemiology of heart failure: the prevalence of heart failure and ventricular dysfunction in older adults over time. A systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(3):242–10. doi:10.1002/ejhf.483.
  • Rajadurai J, Tse HF, Wang CH, Yang NI, Zhou J, Sim D. Understanding the epidemiology of heart failure to improve management practices: an Asia-Pacific perspective. J Card Fail. 2017;23(4):327–39. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2017.01.004.
  • Lee TM, Lin SZ, Chang NC. Antiarrhythmic effect of lithium in rats after myocardial infarction by activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Free Radic Biol Med. 2014;77:71–81. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.022.
  • Zhang Y, Li K, Yang J, Feng YX, Huang W, Wu XY, Zhang Y. Effect and mechanism of emodin on carotid stenosis after balloon injury in rats. J Thir Mil Med Univer. 2017;1:48–53.
  • Carver W, Fix E, Fix C, Fan D, Chakrabarti M, Azhar M. Effects of emodin, a plant-derived anthraquinone, on TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibroblast activation and function. J Cell Physiol. 2021;236(11):7440–49. doi:10.1002/jcp.30416.
  • Zhao XA, Chen G, Liu Y, Wu H, Chen J, Xiong Y, Tian C, Jia B, Wang G, Xia J, et al. Emodin alleviates liver fibrosis of mice by reducing infiltration of Gr1hi monocytes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018;2018:5738101. doi:10.1155/2018/5738101.
  • Tian SL, Yang Y, Liu XL, Xu QB. Emodin attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities in rats. Med Sci Monit. 2018;24:1–10. doi:10.12659/MSM.905496.
  • Yang F, Deng L, Li J, Chen M, Liu Y, Hu Y, Zhong W. Emodin retarded renal fibrosis through regulating HGF and TGFβ-smad signaling pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020;14:3567–75. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S245847.
  • Dou F, Liu Y, Liu L, Wang J, Sun T, Mu F, Guo Q, Guo C, Jia N, Liu W, et al. Aloe-emodin ameliorates renal fibrosis via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Rejuvenation Res. 2019;3(3):218–29. doi:10.1089/rej.2018.2104.
  • Yang W, Wu Z, Yang K, Han Y, Chen Y, Zhao W, Huang F, Jin Y, Jin W. BMI1 promotes cardiac fibrosis in ischemia-induced heart failure via the PTEN-PI3K/Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2019;1(1):h61–69. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00487.2018.
  • Xian M, Cai J, Zheng K, Liu Q, Liu Y, Lin H, Liang S, Wang S. Aloe-emodin prevents nerve injury and neuroinflammation caused by ischemic stroke via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and NF-κB pathway. Food Funct. 2021;17(17):8056–67. doi:10.1039/D1FO01144H.
  • Zhang Y, Zhang YL, Li W, Wang P, Gu R, Feng YX, Wei SJ, Peng K, Zhang YR, Su LN, et al. Uncoupling Protein 2 Inhibits Myointimal Hyperplasia in Preclinical Animal Models of Vascular Injury. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(10):e002641. doi:10.1161/JAHA.117.006593.
  • Zhang YL, Wen XD, Guo X, Huang SQ, Wang TT, Zhou PT, Li W, Zhou LF, Hu YH. Progesterone suppresses the progression of colonic carcinoma by increasing the activity of the GADD6α/JNK/c‑Jun signalling pathway. Oncol Rep. 2021;45(6):95. doi:10.3892/or.2021.8046.
  • Xiao D, Zhang Y, Wang R, Fu Y, Zhou T, Diao H, Wang Z, Lin Y, Li Z, Wen L, et al. Emodin alleviates cardiac fibrosis by suppressing activation of cardiac fibroblasts via upregulating metastasis associated protein 3. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2014;9(4):724–33. doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2019.04.003.
  • González A, Schelbert EB, Díez J, Butler J. Myocardial interstitial fibrosis in heart failure: biological and translational perspectives. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(15):1696–706. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.021.
  • Erasmus M, Samodien E, Lecour S, Cour M, Lorenzo O, Dludla P, Pheiffer C, Johnson R. Linking LOXL2 to cardiac interstitial fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(16):5913. doi:10.3390/ijms21165913.
  • Li C, Zhang J, Xue M, Li X, Han F, Liu X, Xu L, Lu Y, Cheng Y, Li T, et al. SGLT2 inhibition with empagliflozin attenuates myocardial oxidative stress and fibrosis in diabetic mice heart. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2019;18(1):15. doi:10.1186/s12933-019-0816-2.
  • Wu H, Li GN, Xie J, Li R, Chen QH, Chen JZ, Wei ZH, Kang LN, Xu B. Resveratrol ameliorates myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting ROS/ERK/TGF-β/periostin pathway in STZ-induced diabetic mice. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2016;16(1):5. doi:10.1186/s12872-015-0169-z.
  • Meng Z, Li HY, Si CY, Liu YZ, Teng S. Asiatic acid inhibits cardiac fibrosis throughNrf2/HO-1 and TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathways in spontaneous hypertension rats. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019;74:105712. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105712.
  • Kang LL, Zhang DM, Jiao RQ, Pan SM, Zhao XJ, Zheng YJ, Chen TY, Kong LD. Pterostilbene attenuates fructose-induced myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting ROS-Driven Pitx2c/miR-15b pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019:1243215. doi:10.1155/2019/1243215.
  • Zhu W, Wu RD, Lv YG, Liu YM, Huang H, Xu JQ. BRD4 blockage alleviates pathological cardiac hypertrophy through the suppression of fibrosis and inflammation via reducing ROS generation. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;121:109368. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109368.
  • Li K, Zhai M, Jiang L, Song F, Zhang B, Li J, Li H, Li B, Xia L, Xu L, et al. Tetrahydrocurcumin ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by attenuating high glucose-induced oxidative stress and fibrosis via activating the SIRT1 pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019:6746907. doi:10.1155/2019/6746907.
  • Yu Y, Liu H, Yang D, He F, Yuan Y, Guo J, Hu J, Yu J, Yan X, Wang S, et al. Aloe-emodin attenuates myocardial infarction and apoptosis via up-regulating miR-133 expression. Pharmacol Res. 2019;146:104315. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104315.
  • Lee EH, Baek SY, Park JY, Kim YW. Emodin in rheum undulatum inhibits oxidative stress in the liver via AMPK with Hippo/Yap signalling pathway. Pharm Biol. 2020;1(1):333–41. doi:10.1080/13880209.2020.1750658.
  • Danpinid A, Luo J, Vappou J, Terdtoon P, Konofagou EE. In vivo characterization of the aortic wall stress–strain relationship. Ultrasonics. 2010;7(7):654–65. doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2010.01.003.
  • Li ML, Li RN, Ma YM, Jiang B, Chen YJ, Hu WX, Qv CL, Zhang YJ, Song YY, Wang Y. MiRNA-1297 inhibits myocardial fibrosis by targeting ULK1. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020;4:2070–76.
  • Evans LW, Bender A, Burnett L, Godoy L, Shen Y, Staten D, Zhou T, Angermann JE, Ferguson BS. Emodin and emodin-rich rhubarb inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and cardiac myocyte hypertrophy. J Nutr Biochem. 2020;79:108339. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108339.
  • Chen Q, Pang L, Huang S, Lei W, Huang D. Effects of emodin and irbesartan on ventricular fibrosis in Goldblatt hypertensive rats. Pharmazie. 2014;5:374–78.
  • Zheng XY, Yang SM, Zhang R, Wang SM, Li GB, Zhou SW. Emodin-induced autophagy against cell apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in human hepatocytes. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019, 13: 3171–3180. 10.2147/DDDT.S204958.
  • Yu J, Zhao X, Yan X, Li W, Liu Y, Wang J, Wang J, Yang Y, Hao Y, Liang Z, et al. Aloe-emodin ameliorated MI-induced cardiac remodeling in mice via inhibiting TGF-β/SMAD signaling via up-regulating SMAD7. Phytomedicine. 2023;114:154793. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154793.
  • Dong X, Fu J, Yin X, Cao S, Li X, Lin L, Huyiligeqi NJ. Emodin: a review of its pharmacology, toxicity and pharmacokinetics. Phytother Res. 2016;8(8):1207–18. doi:10.1002/ptr.5631.