1,285
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Discourses of Consumption: The Rhetorical Construction of the Black Female Body as Food in Hip Hop and R&B Music

References

  • Alim, H. S. (2006). The language of hip hop culture. Routledge.
  • Apter, E. (1993). Introduction. In Emily Apter and William Pietz (Eds.), Fetishism as cultural discourse (pp. 1–9). Cornell University Press.
  • Axelrod, V., Brenneck, T., Guy, D., Hendrickson-Smith, I., Jones, N., Mann, B., Movshon, N., Ronson, M., Smith, T., Steinweiss, H., Stribling, F., & Sugarman, N. (2008). Fried Chicken [Performed by Nas ft. Busta Rhymes]. Untitled [CD]. The Jones Experience.
  • Berger, J. (1972). Ways of seeing. British Broadcasting Corporation: Penguin Books.
  • Black Women’s Blueprint. (2012). The truth commission on Black women and sexual violence. https://mcasa.org/assets/files/African-American-Women-and-Sexual-Assault1.pdf
  • Blackburn Centre. (2020, February 26). Black women & domestic violence [Blogpost]. https://www.blackburncenter.org/single-post/2020/02/26/Black-Women-Domestic-Violence
  • Bogle, D. (1992). Toms, coons, mulattoes, mammies and bucks: An interpretive history of Blacks in American films. Continuum.
  • Bradley, R. (2012). Contextualizing hip hop sonic cool pose in late twentieth- and twenty-first-century rap music. Current Musicology, 93, 55–70.
  • Brock, R., Nix-Stevenson, D., & Chamness Miller, P. (2017). Critical black studies reader. A book review. Journal of Pan African Studies, 10(1), 394. https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.rit.edu/apps/doc/A498734488/LitRC?u=roch82189&sid=LitRC&xid=df17de0f
  • Brown Givens, S. M., & Monahan, J. L. (2005). Priming Mammies, Jezebels, and other controlling images: An examination of the influence of mediated stereotypes on perceptions of an African American woman. Media Psychology, 7 (1), 87–106. https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532785XMEP0701_5
  • Callan, H. (1989). Food and diet. Anthropology Today, 5(6), 18–20. https://doi.org/10.2307/3033082
  • Carter, D., Scheffer, J., Garrett, S., Zamor, R., & Lyrics, D. (2008). Lollipop (remix) [Performed by Lil Wayne ft. Kanye West & Static Major]. On Tha Carter III [CD]. Cash Money Records.
  • Celeste, M. (2018). Black media studies. Feminist Media Histories, 4(2), 38–43. https://doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2018.4.2.38
  • Cheers, I. M. (2018). The Evolution of Black Women in Television: Mammies. Matriarchs and Mistresses. Routledge.
  • Cobb, J. (2006). Hip-Hop: Beyond beats & rhymes. Media Education Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.mediaed.org/transcripts/Hip-Hop-Transcript.pdf
  • Collins, P. H. (2000). Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness and the politics of empowerment. Routledge.
  • Collins, P. H. (2005). Black sexual politics. Routledge.
  • Collins, P. H., etal. (2002). Learning from the outsider within: The sociological significance of Black feminist thought. In C.S. Turner (Eds.), Racial and ethnic diversity in higher education. Pearson.
  • Counihan, C. (2000). The social and cultural uses of food. In K. Kiple & K. Ornelas (Eds.), The Cambridge world history of food (pp. 1513–1523). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521402156.041
  • Counihan, C., & Van Esterik, P. (1997). Food and culture: A reader. Routledge.
  • Crenshaw, K. (2017). Kimberlé Crenshaw on intersectionality, more than two decades later. https://www.law.columbia.edu/pt-br/news/2017/06/kimberle-crenshaw-intersectionality
  • Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989, 139–167.
  • Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1279. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039
  • Dervin, B. (1987). The potential contribution of feminist scholarship to the field of communication. Journal of Communication, 37(4), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1987.tb01011.x
  • DRAM ft. Lil Yachty. (2016). Broccoli. On Big Baby DRAM [7" digital download]. Atlantic.
  • Epstein, R., Blake, J., Gonzalez, T. (2017). Girlhood interrupted: The erasure of Black girls’ childhood. https://www.law.georgetown.edu/poverty-inequality-center/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2017/08/girlhood-interrupted.pdf
  • Fairclough, N., & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical discourse analysis. In T. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse studies: A multidisciplinary introduction Vol. 2 (pp. 258–284). London: Sage.
  • Foss, K. A., & Foss, S. K. (1994). Personal experience as evidence in feminist scholarship. Western Journal of Communication, 58(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570319409374482
  • Foucault, M. (1972). The archeology of knowledge and the discourse of language (Sheridan Smith, Trans). Pantheon Books.
  • Fusch, P. I., & Ness, L. R. (2015). Are we there yet? Data saturation in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 20(9), 1408–1416. Retrieved from https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol20/iss9/3
  • Freymond, J. (2019, June 20). I just think Black women should be nicer to me about racism. [Blog post]. https://theoffingmag.com/wit-tea/i-just-think-black-women-should-be-nicer-to-me-about-racism/
  • Gallego, M. (2016). Black female bodies on (dis)play: Commodification, re-embodyment and healing. Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses, 73, 73–88.
  • Guy-Sheftall, Beverly. (Ed.). (1995). Words of fire: An anthology of African–American feminist thought. The New Press.
  • Hahn, J. (2014, June 8). The politics of race in rap. [Blog post]. https://harvardpolitics.com/books-arts/politics-race-rap/
  • Henderson, C. (2013). It’s all in the name: Hip hop, sexuality, and Black women’s identity in Breakin’. Palimpsest: A Journal on Women, Gender, and the Black International, 2(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1353/pal.2013.0004
  • hooks, B. (1989). Talking back: Thinking feminist, thinking Black. South End Press.
  • hooks, B. (2001). Eating the other: Desire and resistance. In M. G. Durham & D. Kellner (Eds.), Media and cultural studies: Key works (pp. 424–438). Blackwell Publishers.
  • Howard, T., Flennaugh, T., & Terry, C. Sr. (2012). Black males, social imagery, and the disruption of pathological identities: Implications for research and teaching. Educational Foundations, 26, 1, 85–102.
  • Hughes, Y. (2018, March 19). Cardi B gives her most explicit interview yet. https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/celebs/a18930050/cardi-b-cosmopolitan-cover-interview/
  • Hurt, B. (2006). Hip-hop: Beyond beats & rhythms. PBS Indies.
  • Jackson, R. L. & Camara, S. K. (2006). Scripting the Black masculine body: Identity, discourse, and racial politics in popular media. State University of New York Press.
  • Jennings, T. (1990). Us colored women dad to go though a plenty": Sexual exploitation of African-American slave women. Journal of Women's History, 1(3), 45–74. https://doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2010.0050
  • Joseph, R. L. (2013). Transcending Blackness: From the new millennium mulatta to the exceptional multiracial. Duke University Press.
  • Kelly, R. (2003). Chocolate factory. On Chocolate factory. [CD]. Rockland Studios.
  • Klein, H., & Shiffman, K. (2009). Underrepresentation and symbolic annihilation of socially disenfranchised groups (''out groups'') in animated cartoons. The Howard Journal of Communications, 20(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/10646170802665208
  • Kuhn, A. (1994). Women’s pictures: Feminism and cinema. 2nd ed. Verso.
  • LeMoncheck, L. (1985). Dehumanizing women: treating persons as sex objects. Rowman and Allanheld.
  • Lock, M. (1993). Cultivating the body” anthropology and epistemologies of bodily practice and knowledge. Annual Review of Anthropology, 22(1), 133–155. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.22.100193.001025
  • Lorde, A. (1997). Age, race, class, and sex: Women redefining difference. In M. Fonow (Ed.), Women, culture and society. Simon and Schuster Custom Publishing. (Original work published 1984)
  • McDonald, H. (2019, July 29). How the big four record labels became the big three [Blog post]. https://www.thebalancecareers.com/big-three-record-labels-2460743
  • Michie, H. (1987). The flesh made word: Female figures and women’s bodies. Oxford University Press.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Minaj, N. [@NICKIMINAJ]. (2017, October 25). The greats collaborated w/Drake, Kendrick & Jcole b/c they’re dope MC’s. They collab’d w/nicki cuz someone pulled a gun to their heads. [Tweet]. https://twitter.com/NICKIMINAJ/status/923304363002597377
  • Moi, T. (1986). Sexual textual politics: Feminist literary theory. Methuen & Co. Ltd.
  • Mullet, D. (2018). A general critical discourse analysis framework for educational research. Journal of Advanced Academics, 29(2), 116–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X18758260
  • Murray, K. (2003). Candi Bar. On He’s Keith Murray[CD]. Def Jam.
  • Nash, T., Fenty, R., Palacios, M., & Clark, E. (2011). Birthday cake [Performed by Rihanna]. On Talk that talk [CD]. Def Jam.
  • Osgerby, B. (2003). A pedigree of the consuming male: Masculinity, consumption and the American ‘leisure class.’ The Sociological Review, 51(1), 57–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2003.tb03603.x
  • Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
  • Parasecoli, F. (2007). Bootylicious: food and the female body in contemporary pop culture. WSQ: Women’s Studies Quarterly, 35(1–2), 110–125.
  • Patterson, A., Kinloch, V., Burkhard, T., Randall, R., & Howard, A. (2016). Black feminist thought as methodology: Examining intergenerational lived experiences of black women. Departures in Critical Qualitative Research, 5(3), 55–76. https://doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2016.5.3.55
  • Phillips, J. D., & Griffin, R. A. (2014). Black women and gender violence: Lil’Wayne’s ‘How to Love’ as progressive hip hop. In A. Y. Goldman, V. S. Ford, A. A. Harris, and N. R. Howard (Eds.), Black women and popular culture: The conversation continues (pp. 175–195). Lexington Books.
  • Potter, W. J. (1996). An analysis of thinking and research about qualitative methods. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Prather, C., Fuller, T. R., Jeffries, W. L., Marshall, K. J., Howell, A. V., Belyue-Umole, A., & King, W. (2018). Racism, African American women, and their sexual and reproductive health: A review of historical and contemporary evidence and implications for health equity. Health Equity, 2(1), 249–259. https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2017.0045
  • Reynolds-Dobbs, W., Thomas, K. M., & Harrison, M. S. (2008). From mammy to superwoman: Images that hinder Black women's career development. Journal of Career Development, 35(2), 129–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845308325645
  • Rodgers, S. T. (2017). Womanism and Afrocentricity: Understanding the intersection. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 27(1–2), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2016.1259927
  • Ross, R., & Ft. Wale, D. (2012). Diced pineapples. On God forgives, I don’t [Digital download]. Maybach Music.
  • Roy, A. (1998). Selling stereotypes: Images of women in Indian television commercials. New Concept Information Systems.
  • Smith, S., Choueiti, M., Pieper, K. (2019, February). Inclusion in the recording studio? Gender and race/ethnicity of artists, songwriters and producers across 700 popular songs from 2012–2018. http://assets.uscannenberg.org/docs/inclusion-in-the-recording-studio.pdf
  • Sniderman, P., & Piazza, T. (2002). Black pride and black prejudice. Princeton University Press.
  • St. Aubin, A. (1994). Testeria: the dis-ease of black men in White supremist, patriarchal culture. Callaloo, 17, 41054–41073.
  • The Neptunes. (2004). Milkshake [Recorded by Kelis]. On Milkshake [CD]. Star Track.
  • Thomas, K. M., & Harrison, M. S. (2008). From mammy tosuperwoman: Images that hinder Black women’s career development. Journal of Career Development, 35, 2129–2150.
  • Thompson, C. (2006). Eating the black body: Miscegenation as sexual consumption in African American literature and culture. Peter Lang.
  • Tompkins, K. (2007). Everything 'cept eat us": The antebellum Black body portrayed as edible body. Callaloo, 30(1), 201–224. https://doi.org/10.1353/cal.2007.0175
  • West, C. (2017). Mammy, sapphire, jezebel, and the bad girls of reality television: Media representations of Black women. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320726561
  • West, C. M. (1995). Mammy, sapphire, and jezebel: Historical images of Black women and their implications for psychotherapy. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 32(3), 458–466. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.32.3.458
  • West, C. M. (2008). Mammy, jezebel, sapphire, and their homegirls: Developing an “oppositional gaze” toward the images of Black women. In J. C Chrisler, C. Golden, & P. D. Rozee (Eds.), Lectures on the psychology of women (pp. 287–299). McGraw-Hill.
  • Willig, C. (2014). Discourses and discourse analysis. In Flick, U. (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis, 341–353. London: SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446282243
  • Wodak, R. (2001). What CDA is about—A summary of its history, important concepts and its developments. In W. R., & M. Meyer (Eds.), Methods of critical discourse analysis (pp. 1–13). London: Sage Publications.
  • Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2008). Critical discourse analysis: History, agenda, theory, and methodology. Methods for critical discourse analysis, 2nd ed. (pp. 1–33). London: Sage.
  • Wyatt, G. E. (1997). Stolen women: Reclaiming our sexuality, taking back our lives. Wiley.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.