Should We Use a Capital Framework to Understand Culture? Applying Cultural Capital to Communities of Color

REFERENCES

• Antoninetti, M., & Garrett, M. (2012). Body capital and the geography of aging. Area, 44(3), 364–370. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4762.2012.01089.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anzaldúa, G. (1990). Haciendo caras/making face, making soul: Creative and critical perspectives by women of color. San Francisco, CA: Aunt Lute Press.
   Google Scholar
• Apple, M. (1971). The hidden curriculum and the nature of conflict. Interchange, 2(4), 27–40.
   Google Scholar
• Apple, M. (2006). Understanding and interrupting neoliberalism and neoconservatism in education. Pedagogies: An International Journal, 1(1), 21–26.
   Google Scholar
• Arrow, K.J. (2001). Observations on social capital. In I. Serageldin & P. Dasgupta (Eds.), Social capital: A multifaceted perspective (pp. 3–5). Herndon, VA: World Bank Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Auerbach, S. (2004). Engaging Latino parents in supporting college pathways: Lessons from a college access program. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education, 3(2), 125–145. doi: 10.1177/1538192703262514
   Google Scholar
• Ayers, D.F. (2005). Neoliberal ideology in community college mission statements: A critical discourse analysis. The Review of Higher Education, 28(4), 527–549. doi: 10.1353/rhe.2005.0033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azzi, C., & Ehrenberg, R. (1975). Household allocation of time and church attendance. The Journal of Political Economy, 85(2), 27–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakker, M., Leenders, R.T. A., Gabbay, S.M., Kratzer, J., & Van Engelen, J.M. (2006). Is trust really social capital? Knowledge sharing in product development projects. The Learning Organization, 13(6), 594–605. doi: 10.1108/09696470610705479
   Google Scholar
• Barcelona, A. (Ed.). (2003). Metaphor and metonymy at the crossroads: A cognitive perspective. Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Berman, E. (2000). Sect, subsidy, and sacrifice: An economist's view of ultra-orthodox Jews. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(3), 905–953.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black, J.N. (1975). Sclerotic structures and the future of academic organization. In G.E. W. Wolstenholme & M. O’Connor (Eds.), The future as an academic discipline (pp. 107–119). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. (1966). L’école conservatrice. Les inégalités devant l’école et devant la culture. Revue Française de Sociologie, 7(3), 325–347. doi: 10.2307/3319132
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. (1972). Esquisse d’une theorie de la pratique: Précédé de trois études d’ethnologie kabyle. Genève, Switzerland: Librairie Droz.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a theory of practice (R. Nice, Trans.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P., & Passeron, J.C. (1970). La reproduction: Éléments pour une théorie du système d’enseignement. Paris, France: Éditions de Minuit.
   Google Scholar
• Bowles, S. (2001). Individual interactions, group conflicts, and the evolution of preferences. In S. Durlauf, & H. P. Young (Eds.), Social dynamics (pp. 155–190). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
   Google Scholar
• Boykin, A.W., & Noguera, P. (2011). Creating the opportunity to learn: Moving from research to practice to close the achievement gap. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, R., & Everett, G. (2008). New European learners? An analysis of the “trendsetter” thesis. Journal of Youth Studies, 11(4), 377–391.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burch, P. (2009). Hidden markets: The new education privatization. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Cammack, P. (2004). What the World Bank means by poverty reduction, and why it matters. New Political Economy, 9(2), 189–211. doi: 10.1080/1356346042000218069
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carnoy, M. (1998). Foreword. In Pedagogy of the heart by P. Freire (pp. 7–20). New York, NY: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Cassar, A., Crowley, L., & Wydick, B. (2007). The effect of social capital on group loan repayment: Evidence from field experiments. The Economic Journal, 117(517), F85–F106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clawson, D., & Leiblum, M. (2008). Class struggle in higher education. Equity & Excellence in Education, 41(1), 12–30.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, D., & Prusak, L. (2001). In good company: How social capital makes organizations work. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.
   Google Scholar
• Coleman, J. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, S95–S120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, R. (1986). Weberian sociological theory. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cunningham, S.D. (2002). Diversity capital and organizational performance: A new paradigm for strategic human resource development and higher education (Dissertation). Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL. . Retrieved from http://commons.lib.niu.edu/handle/10843/11191
   Google Scholar
• Daniels, E., Harnischfeger, A., Hos, R., & Akom, A. (2010). Youth as active agents: Counter-narrating the source of reform. In N. Ares (Ed.), Youth-full productions: Cultural practices and constructions of content and social spaces. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
   Google Scholar
• Das, R.J. (2004). Social capital and poverty of the wage-labour class: Problems with the social capital theory. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 29(1), 27–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Koning, A. (2005, September 21). Global dreams: Space, class and gender in middle class Cairo . [Dissertation]. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. . Retrieved from http://dare.uva.nl/document/15861
   Google Scholar
• Delgado Bernal, D. (2002). Critical race theory, LatCrit theory and critical raced-gendered epistemologies: Recognizing students of color as holders and creators of knowledge. Qualitative Inquiry, 8(1), 105–126.
   Google Scholar
• Derrida, J., & Moore, F.C. T. (1974). White mythology: Metaphor in the text of philosophy. New Literary History, 6(1), 5–74.
   Google Scholar
• Dewey, J. (1899). The school and society: Being three lectures. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Di Falco, S., & Bulte, E. (2011). A dark side of social capital? Kinship, consumption, and savings. Journal of Development Studies, 47(8), 1128–1151. doi: 10.1080/00220388.2010.514328
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dika, S.L., & Singh, K. (2002). Applications of social capital in educational literature: A critical synthesis. Review of Educational Research, 71(2), 31–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiMaggio, P. (1979). On Pierre Bourdieu. American Journal of Sociology, 84(6), 1460–1474.
   Google Scholar
• DiMaggio, P., & Mohr, J. (1985). Cultural capital, educational attainment, and marital selection. American Journal of Sociology, 90(6), 1231–1261.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobbins, T., Plows, A., & Lloyd-Williams, H. (2013). “Make do and mend” after redundancy at Anglesey Aluminium: Critiquing human capital approaches to unemployment. Work, Employment & Society. doi: 10.1177/0950017013491454
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erel, U. (2010). Migrating cultural capital: Bourdieu in migration studies. Sociology, 44(4), 642–660. doi: 10.1177/0038038510369363
   Google Scholar
• Fine, B. (2007). Social capital. Development in Practice, 17, 566–574.
   Google Scholar
• Fine, M. (1991). Framing dropouts: Notes on the politics of an urban public high school. Albany, NY: State University of New York.
   Google Scholar
• Franceschelli, M., & O’Brien, M. (2014). “Islamic capital” and family life: The role of Islam in parenting. Sociology, 48(6), 1190–1206. doi: 10.1177/0038038513519879
   Google Scholar
• Fránquiz, M., & Salazar, M. (2004). The transformative potential of humanizing pedagogy: Addressing the diverse needs of Chicano/Mexicano students. The High School Journal, 87(4), 36–53.
   Google Scholar
• Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed (M. Bergman Ramos, Trans.). New York, NY: Seabury.
   Google Scholar
• Freire, P. (1994). Pedagogy of hope: Reliving pedagogy of the oppressed. New York, NY: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Freire, P. (1998). Pedagogy of the heart. New York, NY: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Friedman, M. (1962). Capitalism and freedom. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago.
   Google Scholar
• Friedman, M. (1997). Public schools: Make them private. Education Economics, 5(3), 341–344.
   Google Scholar
• Gadamer, H. (1975). Truth and method. New York, NY: Seabury.
   Google Scholar
• Gadamer, H. (2004). Truth and method (J. Weinsheimer, Trans.). London, UK: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Giroux, H. (1983). Theory and resistance in education: A pedagogy for the opposition. South Hadley, MA: Bergin & Garvey.
   Google Scholar
• Giroux, H.A. (2001). Theory and resistance in education: Towards a pedagogy for the opposition. Westport, CA: Bergin & Garvey.
   Google Scholar
• Giroux, H.A., & Giroux, S.S. (2006). Challenging neoliberalism's new world order: The promise of critical pedagogy. Cultural Studies↔ Critical Methodologies, 6(1), 21–32.
   Google Scholar
• Glaeser, E.L., Laibson, D., & Sacerdote, B. (2002). An economic approach to social capital. The Economic Journal, 112(483), F437–F458.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glazer, S. (Ed.). (1994). The heart of learning: Spirituality in education. New York, NY: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Penguin.
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein, L., & Lake, V. (2000). “Love, love, and more love for children”: Exploring preservice teachers’ understandings of caring. Teaching and Teacher Education, 16(8), 861–872.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldthorpe, J. (2007). “Cultural capital”: Some critical observations. Sociologica, 2007(1), 1–23.
   Google Scholar
• González, N., & Moll, L.C. (2002). Cruzando el puente: Building bridges to funds of knowledge. Educational Policy, 16, 623–641.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González, N., Wyman, L., & O’Connor, B.H. (2011). The past, present, and future of “funds of knowledge.” In B.A. U. Levinson & M. Pollock (Eds.), A Companion to the Anthropology of Education (pp. 479–494). Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Gopaul, B. (2011). Distinction in doctoral education: Using Bourdieu's tools to assess the socialization of doctoral students. Equity & Excellence in Education, 44(1), 10–21.
   Google Scholar
• Gramsci, A. (2011). Prison notebooks: Volume I. (J.A. Buttigieg, Trans.). New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Green, S., Johnstone, G., & Lambert, C. (2013). Reshaping the field: Building restorative capital. Restorative Justice, 1(3), 305–325. doi: 10.5235/20504721.1.3.305
   Google Scholar
• Gutiérrez, K.D., Morales, P.Z., & Martinez, D.C. (2009). Re-mediating literacy: Culture, difference, and learning for students from non-dominant communities. Review of Research in Education, 33(1), 212–245. doi: 10.3102/0091732X08328267
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim, C. (2010). Erotic capital. European Sociological Review, 26(5), 499–518. doi: 10.1093/esr/jcq014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, H. (2007). Poetic expressions: Students of color express resiliency through metaphors and similes. Journal of Advanced Academics, 18(2), 216–244.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, P. (1993). Policy paradigms, social learning, and the state: The case of economic policymaking in Britain. Comparative Politics, 25(3), 275–296.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardt, M., & Negri, A. (2011, October 11). The fight for “real democracy” at the heart of Occupy Wall Street. Foreign Affairs. . Retrieved from http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/136399/michael-hardt-and-antonio-negri/the-fight-for-real-democracy-at-the-heart-of-occupy-wall-street
   Google Scholar
• Heller, H. (2011). The birth of capitalism: A twenty-first-century perspective. London, UK: Pluto Press.
   Google Scholar
• Herrera, R. (2006). The neoliberal “rebirth” of development economics (Série rouge No. R06031). Paris, France: Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne. . Retrieved from http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00113514/
   Google Scholar
• Hickel, J., & Khan, A. (2012). The culture of capitalism and the crisis of critique. Anthropological Quarterly, 85(1), 203–228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodkinson, P., Ford, G., Hawthorn, R., & Hodkinson, H. (2007). Learning as being (Working paper No. 6). . Leeds, UK: University of Exeter. Retrieved from http://www.tlrp.org/project%20sites/LearningLives/papers/working_papers/Working_paper_6_Leeds_Jan_07.pdf
   Google Scholar
• hooks, bell. (2000). All about love: New visions. New York, NY: William Morrow.
   Google Scholar
• hooks, bell. (2003). Teaching community: A pedagogy of hope. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Jessop, B., & Sum, N.-L. (2006). Towards a cultural international political economy: Poststructuralism and the Italian school. In M. de Goede (Ed.), International political economy and poststructural politics (pp. 157–176). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, S., & Vagle, M.D. (2013). Living contradictions and working for change toward a theory of social class–sensitive pedagogy. Educational Researcher, 42(3), 129–141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlan, D.S. (2005). Using experimental economics to measure social capital and predict financial decisions. American Economic Review, 95(5), 1688–1699.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kellner, D. (2007). Bushspeak and the politics of lying: Presidential rhetoric in the “war on terror.” Presidential Studies Quarterly, 37(4), 622–645.
   Google Scholar
• King, C.R., & Springwood, C.F. (2001). Team spirits: The Native American mascots controversy. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kövecses, Z. (2010). Metaphor: A practical introduction ( 2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University.
   Google Scholar
• Krug, A. (2013). Corporations beyond corporate law. Southern California Law Review, 86(2), 263.
   Google Scholar
• Lakoff, G. (2004). Don't think of an elephant: Know your values and frame the debate. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2003). Metaphors we live by ( 2nd ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lakoff, G., & Pinker, S. (2007). Does language frame politics? Public Policy Research, 14(1), 59–71.
   Google Scholar
• Lamont, M., & Lareau, A. (1988). Cultural capital: Allusions, gaps and glissandos in recent theoretical developments. Sociological Theory, 6, 153–168.
   Google Scholar
• Lareau, A., & Weininger, E.B. (2003). Cultural capital in educational research: A critical assessment. Theory and Society, 32, 567–606. doi: 10.1023/B:RYSO.0000004951.04408.b0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, N. (1999). Building a network theory of social capital. Connections, 22, 28–51.
   Google Scholar
• Liou, D.D., Antrop-Gonzalez, R., & Cooper, R. (2009). Unveiling the promise of community cultural wealth to sustaining Latina/o students’ college-going information networks. Educational Studies, 45(6), 534–555. doi: 10.1080/00131940903311347
   Google Scholar
• Lorde, A. (1984). Sister outsider: Essays and speeches. Trumansburg, NY: Crossing Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lynch, K. (1989). Solidary labour: Its nature and marginalisation. The Sociological Review, 37(1), 1–14. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-954X.1989.tb00018.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, K. (2007). Love labour as a distinct and non-commodifiable form of care labour. The Sociological Review, 55(3), 550–570.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandel, E. (1975). Late capitalism. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.
   Google Scholar
• Marginson, S. (2006). Engaging democratic education in the neoliberal age. Educational Theory, 56(2), 206–219.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, K. (1859). Zur Kritik der politischen Ökonomie (S.W. Ryazanskaya, Trans.). Berlin, Germany: Verlag von Franz Duncker.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, K. (1891). Wage labour and capital (F. Engels, Trans.). [Pamphlet]. New York, NY. . Retrieved from http://www.marx2mao.com/M&E/WLC47.html
   Google Scholar
• Marx, K. (2011). Capital volume one: A critique of political economy (S. Moore, Trans.). Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Mayer, J., Caruso, D.R., & Salovey, P. (1999). Emotional intelligence meets traditional standards for an intelligence. Intelligence, 27(4), 267–298.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrath, R.G., & Desai, S. (2010). Connecting the study of entrepreneurship and theories of capitalist progress: An epilog. In Z.J. Ács & D.B. Audretsch (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurship research: An interdisciplinary survey and introduction ( 2nd ed., pp. 639–660). New York, NY: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• McKenna, B. (2004). Critical discourse studies: Where to from here? Critical Discourse Studies, 1(1), 9–39. doi: 10.1080/17405900410001674498
   Google Scholar
• Mehta, J. (2013). How paradigms create politics: The transformation of American educational policy, 1980–2001. American Educational Research Journal, 50(2), 285–324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mickelson, R.A., & Nkomo, M. (2012). Integrated schooling, life course outcomes, and social cohesion in multiethnic democratic societies. Review of Research in Education, 36(1), 197–238. doi: 10.3102/0091732x11422667
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mogues, T., & Carter, M.R. (2005). Social capital and the reproduction of economic inequality in polarized societies. The Journal of Economic Inequality, 3(3), 193–219. doi: 10.1007/s10888-005-9001-9
   Google Scholar
• Moll, L.C. (1992). Bilingual classroom studies and community analysis: Some recent trends. Educational Researcher, 21(2), 20–24.
   Google Scholar
• Morrell, E., & Rogers, J. (2001, April 10–14). Learning about capital: Toward a grounded theory of critical capital. . Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA: American Educational Research Association.
   Google Scholar
• Morris, J. (2004). Can anything good come from Nazareth? Race, class and African-American schooling and community in the urban south and Midwest. American Educational Research Journal, 41(1), 69–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasir, N.S., & Saxe, G.B. (2003). Ethnic and academic identities: A cultural practice perspective on emerging tensions and their management in the lives of minority students. Educational Researcher, 32, 14–18. doi: 10.3102/0013189x032005014
   Google Scholar
• Navarro, V. (2007). Neoliberalism as a class ideology; or, the political causes of the growth of inequalities. International Journal of Health Services, 37(1), 47–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Núñez, A.-M. (2009). Modeling the effects of diversity experiences and multiple capitals on Latina/o college students’ academic self-confidence. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education, 8, 179–196. doi: 10.1177/1538192708326391
   Google Scholar
• Olaniyan, D.A., & Okemakinde, T. (2008). Human capital theory: Implications for educational development. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 5(5), 479–483.
   Google Scholar
• Oughton, H. (2010). Funds of knowledge—a conceptual critique. Studies in the Education of Adults, 42(1), 63–78.
   Google Scholar
• Pearce, R.R., & Lin, Z. (2005). Cultural capital and postsecondary educational attainment among white and Chinese Americans: An analysis of NELS 1988–2000. Asian American Policy Review, 14, 19–38.
   Google Scholar
• Perelman, M. (2000). The invention of capitalism: Classical political economy and the secret history of primitive accumulation. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pérez Huber, L. (2009). Challenging racist nativist framing: Acknowledging the community cultural wealth of undocumented Chicana college students to reframe the immigration debate. Harvard Educational Review, 79(4), 704–729.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portes, A. (2000). The two meanings of social capital. Sociological Forum, 15(1), 1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, R.D. (1995). Bowling alone: America's declining social capital. Journal of Democracy, 6(1), 65–78.
   Google Scholar
• Putnam, R.D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Radin, M. (1935). Maintenance by Champerty. California Law Review, 24, 48–78.
   Google Scholar
• Reay, D. (2004). Gendering Bourdieu's concepts of capitals? Emotional capital, women and social class. The Sociological Review, 52(2), 57–74.
   Google Scholar
• Reierson, S.C. (2007). A case study of two indigenous, Honduran immigrants in the US: Utilizing English and service-oriented cultural capital to transform borders and re-envision their roles in society (Dissertation). The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. Retrieved from http://gradworks.umi.com/32/98/3298158.html
   Google Scholar
• Rios-Aguilar, C., Kiyama, J.M., Gravitt, M., & Moll, L.C. (2011). Funds of knowledge for the poor and forms of capital for the rich? A capital approach to examining funds of knowledge. Theory and Research in Education, 9(2), 163–184.
   Google Scholar
• Robinson, T., & Ward, J.V. (1991). A belief in self far greater than anyone's disbelief: Women & Therapy, 11(3–4), 87–103.
   Google Scholar
• Robison, L.J., Schmid, A.A., & Siles, M.E. (2002). Is social capital really capital? Review of Social Economy, 60(1), 1–21.
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez, L.F. (2009). Dialoguing, cultural capital, and student engagement: Toward a hip hop pedagogy in the high school and university classroom. Equity & Excellence in Education, 42(1), 20–35. doi: 10.1080/10665680802584023
   Google Scholar
• Rubin, R.B. (2011). Recruiting, redefining, and recommitting: The quest to increase socioeconomic diversity at Amherst College. Equity & Excellence in Education, 44(4), 512–531. doi: 10.1080/10665684.2011.613299
   Google Scholar
• Saltman, K. (2000). Collateral damage: Corporatizing public schools—A threat to democracy. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Saltman, K. (2012). Democratic education requires rejecting the new corporate two-tiered school system. American Journal of Education, 118(3), 389–393.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandikcioglu, E. (2003). More metaphorical warfare in the Gulf: Orientalist frames in news coverage. In A. Barcelona (Ed.), Metaphor and metonymy at the crossroads: A cognitive perspective (pp. 299–320). Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Schultz, T.W. (1962). Reflections on Investment in Man. Journal of Political Economy, 70, 1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweickart, D. (2002). After capitalism. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Sen, A. (1984). The transition from feudalism to capitalism. Economic and Political Weekly, 19, PE50–PE66.
   Google Scholar
• Shahjahan, R.A. (2005). Spirituality in the academy: Reclaiming from the margins and evoking a transformative way of knowing the world. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 18(6), 685–711. doi: 10.1080/09518390500298188
   Google Scholar
• Simkhovitch, V.G. (1913). Marxism versus socialism. New York, NY: Henry Holt and Company.
   Google Scholar
• Skocpol, T. (2003). Diminished democracy. From membership to management in American civic life. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, A. (1776). An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations ( vol. 1). London, UK: W. Strahan and T. Cadell.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, M., Ryoo, J., & McLaren, P. (2009). A revolutionary critical pedagogy manifesto for the twenty-first century. Education and Society, 27(3), 59–76. doi: 10.7459/es/27.3.05
   Google Scholar
• Smith, S., & Kulynych, J. (2002). It may be social, but why is it capital? The social construction of social capital and the politics of language. Politics and Society, 30(1), 149–186.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith-Doerr, L., Owen-Smith, J., Koput, K.W., & Powell, W.W. (1999). Networks and knowledge production: Collaboration and patenting in biotechnology. In R.T. A. J. Leenders & S.M. Gabbay (Eds.), Corporate social capital and liability (pp. 390–408). Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Solórzano, D., & Delgado Bernal, D. (2001). Examining transformational resistance through a Critical Race and Latcrit theory framework: Chicana and Chicano students in an urban context. Urban Education, 36(3), 308–342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solórzano, D., & Villalpando, O. (1998). Critical race theory, marginality, and the experience of students of color in higher education. In C.A. Torres & T.R. Mitchell (Eds.), Sociology of education: Emerging perspectives (pp. 211–224). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
   Google Scholar
• Solórzano, D., & Yosso, T. (2001). From racial stereotyping and deficit discourse toward a Critical Race Theory in teacher education. Multicultural Education, 9(1), 2–8.
   Google Scholar
• Solow, R.M. (1985). Economic history and economics. The American Economic Review, 75, 328–331.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solow, R.M. (2001). Notes on social capital and economic performance. In I. Serageldin & P. Dasgupta (Eds.), Social capital: A multifaceted perspective (pp. 6–10). Herndon, VA: World Bank Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Span, C.M. (2002). I must learn now or not at all: Social and cultural capital in the educational initiatives of formerly enslaved African Americans in Mississippi, 1862–1869. Journal of African American History, 87, 196–205.
   Google Scholar
• Spillane, J.P., Kim, C.M., & Frank, K.A. (2012). Instructional advice and information providing and receiving behavior in elementary schools: Exploring tie formation as a building block in social capital development. American Educational Research Journal, 49(6), 1112–1145. doi: 10.3102/0002831212459339
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanley, T.J. (2000). The millionaire mind. Kansas City, MO: Andrews McMeel.
   Google Scholar
• Stanton-Salazar, R., & Dornbusch, S. (1995). Social capital and the reproduction of inequality: Information networks among Mexican-Origin high school students. Sociology of Education, 68(2), 116–135.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sveiby, K.E. (1997). The intangible asset monitor. Journal of Human Resource Casting and Accounting, 2(1), 73–97.
   Google Scholar
• Thornton, S. (1995). Club cultures: Music, media, and subcultural capital. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Torres, C.A. (2013). Neoliberalism as a new historical bloc: A Gramscian analysis of neoliberalism's common sense in education. International Studies in Sociology of Education, 23(2), 80–106.
   Google Scholar
• Tunmer, W.E., Chapman, J.W., & Prochnow, J.E. (2006). Literate cultural capital at school entry predicts later reading achievement: A seven year longitudinal study. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 41(2), 183–204.
   Google Scholar
• Vélez-lbáñez, C.G. (1988). Networks of exchange among Mexicans in the U.S. and Mexico: Local level mediating responses to national and international transformations. Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development, 17(1), 27–51.
   Google Scholar
• Verter, B. (2003). Spiritual capital: Theorizing religion with Bourdieu against Bourdieu. Sociological Theory, 21(2), 150–174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villalpando, O., & Solórzano, D. (2005). The role of culture in college preparation programs: A review of the research literature. In W.G. Tierney, Z.B. Corwin, & J.E. Colyar (Eds.), Preparing for college: Nine elements of effective outreach (pp. 13–28). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
   Google Scholar
• Westlund, H., & Adam, F. (2010). Social capital and economic performance: A meta-analysis of 65 studies. European Planning Studies, 18(6), 893–919. doi: 10.1080/09654311003701431
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wink, J., & Wink, D. (2004). Teaching passionately: What's love got to do with it? Boston, MA: Pearson.
   Google Scholar
• Winkle-Wagner, R. (2010). Cultural capital: The promises and pitfalls in educational research. San Francisco, CA: Wiley Periodicals.
   Google Scholar
• Yosso, T. (2005). Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth. Race Ethnicity and Education, 8(1), 69–91.
   Google Scholar
• Young, I.M. (2011). Justice and the politics of difference. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zajonc, A. (2006). Cognitive-affective connections in teaching and learning: The relationship between love and knowledge. Journal of Cognitive Affective Learning, 3(1), 1–9.
   Google Scholar