References
- American Association of Community Colleges. (2016a). 2016 fact sheet. Retrieved from http://www.aacc.nche.edu/AboutCC/Documents/AACCFactSheetsR2.pdf
- American Association of Community Colleges. (2018). Fast facts 2018. Retrieved from: https://www.aacc.nche.edu/research-trends/fast-facts/
- Anderson-Butcher, D., Iachini, A. L., Ball, A., Barke, S., & Martin, L. D. (2016). A university-school partnership to examine the adoption and implementation of the Ohio community collaboration model in one urban school district: A mixed-method case study. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 21(3), 190–204. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10824669.2016.1183429
- ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report. (2004). Tinto’s interactionist theory. 30(3), 7–20. Retrieved from: https://leseprobe.buch.de/images-adb/6a/6e/6a6e9351-d94b-474e-a7df
- Biag, M., & Catrechini, S. (2016). Coordinated strategies to help the whole child: Examining the contributions of full-service community schools. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 21(3), 157–173. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10824669.2016.1172231
- Blank, M., Jacobson, R., & Melaville, A. (2012). Achieving results through community school partnerships. Coalition for Community Schools, Institute for Educational Leadership. Retrieved from: http://community-wealth.org/files/downloads/paper-blank/et-al.pdf
- Boressoff, T. (2012). Financing child care for college student success: A toolkit for colleges and universities, program leaders, policymakers, and advocates. Retrieved from: https://www.in.gov/icw/files/Financing_Child_Care.pdf
- Brown, M. G., Wohn, D. Y., & Ellison, N. (2016). Without a map: College access and the online practices of youth from low-income communities. Computers and Education, 92–93(2016), 104–116. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.10.001
- Cabrera, A., Castañeda, M., Nora, A., & Hengstler, D. (1992). The convergence between two theories of college persistence. Journal of Higher Education, 63(2), 143–164. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/1982157
- Cady, C. L. (2014). Food insecurity as a student issue. Journal of College and Character, 15(4), 265–271. doi:https://doi.org/10.1515/jcc-2014-0031
- Capps, R. (2012). Supporting adult-student persistence in community colleges. Change: the Magazine of Higher Learning, 44(2), 38–44. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00091383.2012.655218
- Chiang, R. J., Meagher, W., & Slade, S. (2015). How the whole school, whole community, whole child model works: Creating greater alignment, integration, and collaboration between health and education. Journal of School Health, 85(11), 775–784. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12308
- College Board. (2016) Trends in student aid 2016. Retrieved from: https://trends.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/2016-trends-student-aid.pdf
- College Board. (2017). Trends in Student Aid 2017. Retrieved from: https://trends.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/2017-trends-student-aid_0.pdf
- Combs, T. S., Shay, E., Salvesen, D., Kolosna, C., & Madely, M. (2016). Understanding the multiple dimensions of transportation disadvantage: The case of rural North Carolina. Case Studies on Transport Policy, 4(2016), 68–77. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2016.02.004
- Community College Research Center. (2016). Community College FAQ. Retrieved from: http://ccrc.tc.columbia.edu/Community-College-FAQs.html
- Cox, R. D. (2016). Complicating conditions: Obstacles and interruptions to low-income students’ college “choices”. Journal of Higher Education, 87(1), 1–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/jhe.2016.0005
- Dalton, J. C., & Crosby, P. C. (2015). Widening income inequalities: Higher education’s role in serving low income students. Journal of College and Character, 16(1), 1–8. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/2194587X.2014.992914
- Daugherty, L., Johnston, W. R., & Tsai, T. (2016). Connecting college students to alternative sources of support: The single stop community college initiative and postsecondary outcomes. doi: https://doi.org/10.7249/RR1740
- Davidson, J. C. (2015). Examining zero expected family contribution as a new criterion for “low income.”: Comparing the impact on student persistence at two-year and four-year institutions. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 39(5), 442–460. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10668926.2013.837414
- Dubick, J., Mathews, B., & Cady, C. (2016). Hunger on Campus: The Challenge of Food Insecurity for College Students. Retrieved from: https://studentsagainsthunger.org/hunger-on-campus/
- Finkel, E. (2016). Feeding student success. Community College Journal, 87(1), 24–28. Retrieved from: http://www.aacc.nche.edu/Publications/CCJ/Pages/default.aspx
- Forbus, P., Newbold, J. J., & Mehta, S. S. (2011). A study of non-traditional and traditional students in terms of their time management behaviors, stress factors and coping strategies. Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 15(1), 109–125. Retrieved from: http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/55324386/study-non-traditional-traditional-students-terms-their-time-management-behaviors-stress-factors-coping-strategies
- Gast, A. (2013). Current trends in adult degree programs: How public universities respond to the needs of adult learners. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2013, 17–25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.20070
- Gault, B., Reichlin, L., & Román, S. (2014). College affordability for low-income adults: Improving returns on investment for families and society. ( (IWPR #C424)). Washington, D.C.: Institute for Women’s Policy Research. Retrieved from: http://www.iwpr.org/publications/pubs/college-affordability-for-low-income-adults-improving-returns-on-investment-for-families-and-society
- Gilardi, S., & Guglielmetti, C. (2011). University life of non-traditional students: Engagement styles and impact on attrition. Journal of Higher Education, 82(1), 33–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/jhe.2011.0005
- Gilardi, S., & Guglielmetti, C. (2011). University life of non-traditional students: Engagement styles and impact on attrition. Journal of Higher Education, 82(1), 33–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/jhe.2011.0005
- Goldrick-Rab, S., Broton, K., & Eisenberg, D. (2015). Hungry to learn: Addressing food and housing insecurity among undergraduates. Retrieved from: wihopelab.com/publications/Wisconsin_hope_lab_hungry_to_learn.pdf
- Goldrick-Rab, S., Broton, K., & Gates, C. (2013). Clearing the path to a brighter future: Addressing barriers to community college access and success. Retrieved from: http://kresge.org/sites/default/files/White-paper-barriers-to-community-college%20access-success.pdf
- Graham, M., & Bassett, D. (2012). Low-income single mothers at community college: Recommendations for practices to improve completion. Retrieved from: http://womenemployed.org/sites/default/files/resources/LowIncomeSingleMothersatCommunityCollege2012.pdf
- Harkavy, I., Hartley, M., Hodges, R. A., & Weeks, J. (2013). The promise of university-assisted community schools to transform, American schooling: A report from the field, 1985–2012. Peabody Journal of Education, 88(5), 525–540. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/0161956X.2013.834789
- Heers, M., Van Klaveren, C., Groot, W., & Maassen van Den Brink, H. (2016). Community schools: What we know and what we need to know. Review of Educational Research, 86(4), 1016–1051. doi:https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315627365
- Hongwei, Y. (2015). Student retention at two-year community colleges: A structural Equation modeling approach. International Journal of Continuing Education &Lifelong Learning, 8(1), 85–101. Retrieved from: http://hdl.voced.edu.au/10707/418486
- Institute for College Access & Success. (2016). On the verge: Costs and tradeoffs facing community college students. Retrieved from: http://ticas.org/sites/default/files/pub_files/on_the_verge.pdf
- Jefferson Community College. (2016). Quick facts. Retrieved from: http://www.sunyjefferson.edu/about-jcc/quick-facts
- Juszkiewicz, J. (2015). Trends in community college enrollment completion data, 2015. Retrieved from: http://www.aacc.nche.edu/Publications/Reports/Documents/CCEnrollment_2015.pdf
- Kenner, C., & Weinerman, J. (2011). Adult learning theory: Applications to non-traditional college students. Journal of College Reading & Learning, 41(2), 87–96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10790195.2011.10850344
- Kolodinsky, J. M., DeSisto, T. P., Propen, D., Putnam, M. E., Roche, E., & Sawyer, W. R. (2013). It is not how far you go, it is whether you can get there: Modeling the effects of mobility on quality of life in rural New England. Journal of Transport Geography, 31(2013). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trangeo.2013.05.011
- Lobo, A. (2012). Will we meet again? Examining the reasons why students are leaving first year university courses and moving towards an approach to stop them. The International Journal of Learning, 18(7), 199–212. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10072/47153
- Marcia, J. E. (2002). Identity and psychosocial development in adulthood. Identity: an International Journal of Theory and Research, 2(1), 7–28. doi:https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532706XID0201_02
- Markle, G. (2015). Factors influencing persistence among nontraditional university students. Adult Education Quarterly, 65(3), 267–285. doi:https://doi.org/10.177/0741713615583085
- Maroto, M. E., Snelling, A., & Linck, H. (2015). Food insecurity among community college students: Prevalence and association with grade point average. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 39(6), 515–526. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10668926.2013.850758
- McDonnell, R. P., Soricone, L., & Sheen, M. (2014). Promoting persistence through comprehensive student supports. Jobs for The Future. Retrieved from: http://www.jff.org/sites/default/files/publications/materials/Promoting-Persistence-Through-Comprehensive-Student-Supports%20_031814.pdf
- McLaughlin, A. N., & Randolph, K. A. (2012). Development of the school support scale for low-income mothers in college. Research on Social Work Practice, 22(1), 68–76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731511415122
- Mertes, S. J., & Hoover, R. E. (2014). Predictors of first-year retention in a community college. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 38(7), 651–660. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10668929.2012.711143
- Mertes, S. J., & Jankoviak, M. W. (2016). Creating a college-wide retention program: A mixed methods approach. Community College Enterprise, 22(1), 9–27. Retrieved from: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1106958
- Miller, K. (2012). Child care: A critical campus resource for students with children. On Campus With Women, 40(3), 1. Retrieved from: http://proxy1.ncu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ehh&AN=78174011&site=eds-live
- National Center for Education Statistics.(2013). 2011-12 National postsecondary student aid study (NPSAS: 12). Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2013/2013165.pdf
- National Center for Education Statistics. (2017). College navigator. Retrieved from: https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Jefferson+Community+College&s=NY&id=192022
- National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. (2016). Snapshot report: Persistence. Retrieved from: https://nscresearchcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/SnapshotReport22-PersistenceRetention.pdf
- Nellum, C. J., & Hartle, T. W. (2016). Where have all the low-income students gone? Presidency, 19(1), 28–32. Retrieved from: http://higheredtoday.org/2015/11/25/where-have-all-the-low-income-students-gone/
- New York State. (2016). Governor Cuomo announces community schools grant to provide wraparound services for three SUNY community colleges. Retrieved from: http://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-community-schools-grants-provide-wraparound-services-three-suny
- New York State Community Action Association. (2016). New York State poverty report. Retrieved from: http://nyscommunityaction.org/PovReport/2015/FINAL%202016%20Poverty%20Report.pdf
- Office of Community College Research and Leadership. (2015). A portrait of single student parents: Financial and academic barriers to a postsecondary degree. Retrieved from: http://occrl.illinois.edu/docs/librariesprovider4/ptr/insights-on-equity-and-outcomes-11.pdf
- Packard, B. W., & Jeffers, K. C. (2013). Advising and progress in the community college STEM transfer pathway. NACADA Journal, 33(2), 65–75. doi:https://doi.org/10.12930/NACADA-13-015
- Peterson, S. (2016). Community college student-parents: Priorities for persistence. Community College Journal Of Research And Practice, 40(5), 370–384. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10668926.2015.1065210
- Phelan, D. J. (2014). The clear and present funding crisis in community colleges. New Directions For Community Colleges, 2014(168), 5–16. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cc.20116
- Price, P. C. (2012). Nonexperimental research. In Psychology research methods: Core skills and concepts (pp. 164–191). Mountain View, CA: Creative Commons. Retrieved from: http://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/psychology-research-methods-core-skills-and-concepts/
- Rouder, J. N., Engelhardt, C. R., McCabe, S., & Morey, R. D. (2016). Model comparison in ANOVA. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2016(23), 1179–1786. doi:https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1026-5
- Russo-Gleitcher, R. J. (2013). Qualitative insights into faculty use of student support services with online students at risk: Implications for student retention. Journal Of Educators Online, 10(1), 1–32. doi:https://doi.org/10.9743/JEO.2013.1.4
- Samuels, W., Beach, A., & Palmer, L. (2011). Persistence of adult under-graduates on a traditionally-oriented university campus: Does Donaldson and Graham’s model of college outcomes for adult students still apply? Journal of College Student Retention, 13(3), 351–371. doi:https://doi.org/10.2190/CS.13.3.e
- Seidman, A. (2012). Past to present: A historical look at retention. In J. B. Berger, G. B. Ramίrez, & S. Lyons Eds., College student retention: Formula for student success (pp. 7–34). New York, NY: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
- Shay, E., Combs, T. S., Findley, D., Kolosna, C., Madely, M., & Salvesen, D. (2016). Identifying transportation disadvantage: Mixed-methods analysis combining GIS mapping with qualitative data. Transport Policy, 48(2016).
- Simidian, G., & Albert, D. (2016). Community schools: The great equalizer? Retrieved from: http://www.nyssba.org/news/2016/11/23/reports/community-schools-the-great-equalizer/
- Skyline College. (2013). Strategic enrollment planning and management. Retrieved from: https://smccd.edu/strategicplanning/documents/SKY_SEPMfinal-2v3.pdf
- Strategists, H. C. M. (2010). Beating the odds: What it means and why it’s important. Retrieved from: www.hcmstrategists.com/content/Beating_the_Odds.pdf
- Tinto, V. (1975). Dropout from higher education: A theoretical synthesis of recent research. Review of Educational Research, 45(1), 89–125. doi:https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543045001089
- Tinto, V. (1993). Leaving college: Rethinking the causes and cures of student attrition (2nd ed.). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
- Tinto, V. (1997). Classrooms as communities: Exploring the educational character of student persistence. Journal of Higher Education, 68, 599–623. doi:https://doi.org/10.12691/education-2-6-13
- Tinto, V. (2006). Research and practice of student retention: What’s next. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 8(1), 1–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.2190/C0C4-EFT9-EG7W-PWP4
- Tones, M., Fraser, J., Elder, R., & White, K. (2009). Supporting mature-aged students from a low socioeconomic background. Higher Education, 58(4), 505–529. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-009-9208-y
- U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Educational Statistics. (2013). Digest of Educational Statistics, 2012 (NCES 2014-015) Retrieved from: http://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=98
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2016). Poverty guidelines. Retrieved from: https://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty-guidelines
- Wang, W. (2013). Adult students’ learning experience and their expectations of the student affairs programs in American community colleges. Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 4(6), 858–866. Retrieved from: http://jeteraps.scholarlinkresearch.com/articles/Adult%20Students%20Learning%20Experiences.pdf
- Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education. (2012). Knocking at the college door: Projections of high school graduates by state and race/ethnicity, 1996–2012. Boulder, CO: Author.
- Windham, M. H., Rehfuss, M. C., Williams, C. R., Pugh, J. V., & Tincher-Ladner, L. (2014). Retention of first-year community college students. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 38(5), 466–477. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10668926.2012.743867