526
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Physical therapist clinical reasoning and classification inconsistencies in headache disorders: a United States survey

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon

References

  • Stovner L, Hagen K, Jensen R, et al. The global burden of headache: a documentation of headache prevalence and disability worldwide. Cephalalgia. 2007;27(3):193–210.
  • World Health Organization. Headache disorders. World Health Organization; Published 2016. [ Updated 2016 April; cited 2017 Aug 8]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs277/en/.
  • Global Burden of Disease Study C. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2013. Lancet. 2015;386(9995):743–800.
  • Diamond S, Bigal ME, Silberstein S, et al. Patterns of diagnosis and acute and preventive treatment for migraine in the United States: results from the American migraine prevalence and prevention study. Headache. 2007;47(3):355–363.
  • Silberstein S, Loder E, Diamond S, et al. Probable migraine in the United States: results of the American migraine prevalence and prevention (AMPP) study. Cephalalgia. 2007;27(3):220–229.
  • Hawkins K, Wang S, Rupnow M. Direct cost burden among insured US employees with migraine. Headache. 2008;48(4):553–563.
  • World Health Organization. Atlas of headache disorders and resources in the world 2011. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2011.
  • Kristoffersen ES, Grande RB, Aaseth K, et al. Management of primary chronic headache in the general population: the Akershus study of chronic headache. J Headache Pain. 2012;13(2):113–120.
  • Sanderson JC, Devine EB, Lipton RB, et al. Headache-related health resource utilisation in chronic and episodic migraine across six countries. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013;84(12):1309–1317.
  • Karakurum Goksel B, Coskun O, Ucler S, et al. Use of complementary and alternative medicine by a sample of Turkish primary headache patients. Agri: Agri (Algoloji) Dernegi’nin Yayin organidir = J Turk Soc Algology. 2014;26(1):1–7.
  • Freitag F. Managing and treating tension-type headache. Med Clin North Am. 2013;97(2):281–292.
  • Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia. 2018;38(1):1–211.
  • Hall T, Briffa K, Hopper D. Clinical evaluation of cervicogenic headache: a clinical perspective. J Man Manip Ther. 2008;16(2):73–80.
  • Rana MV. Managing and treating headache of cervicogenic origin. Med Clin North Am. 2013;97(2):267–280.
  • Haldeman S, Dagenais S. Cervicogenic headaches: a critical review. Spine J. 2001;1(1):31–46.
  • Stewart WF, Ricci JA, Chee E, et al. Lost productive work time costs from health conditions in the United States: results from the American productivity audit. J Occup Environ Med. 2003;45(12):1234–1246.
  • Gesztelyi G, Bereczki D. Determinants of disability in everyday activities differ in primary and cervicogenic headaches and in low back pain. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006;60(3):271–276.
  • Antonaci F, Sjaastad O. Cervicogenic headache: a real headache. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2011;11(2):149–155.
  • Jull G, Amiri M, Bullock-Saxton J, et al. Cervical musculoskeletal impairment in frequent intermittent headache. Part 1: subjects with single headaches. Cephalalgia. 2007;27(7):793–802.
  • Zito G, Jull G, Story I. Clinical tests of musculoskeletal dysfunction in the diagnosis of cervicogenic headache. Man Ther. 2006;11(2):118–129.
  • Jull G, Barrett C, Magee R, et al. Further clinical clarification of the muscle dysfunction in cervical headache. Cephalalgia. 1999;19(3):179–185.
  • Roth JK, Roth RS, Weintraub JR, et al. Cervicogenic headache caused by myofascial trigger points in the sternocleidomastoid: a case report. Cephalalgia. 2007;27(4):375–380.
  • Bodes-Pardo G, Pecos-Martin D, Gallego-Izquierdo T, et al. Manual treatment for cervicogenic headache and active trigger point in the sternocleidomastoid muscle: a pilot randomized clinical trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2013;36(7):403–411.
  • Bogduk N, Corrigan B, Kelly P, et al. Cervical headache. Med J Aust. 1985;143(5):202,206–207.
  • Reid SA, Rivett DA, Katekar MG, et al. Sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs) are an effective treatment for cervicogenic dizziness. Man Ther. 2008;13(4):357–366.
  • Edeling J. Manual therapy for chronic headache. London; Boston: Butterworths; 1988.
  • Childs JD, Cleland JA, Elliott JM, et al. Neck pain: clinical practice guidelines linked to the international classification of functioning, disability, and health from the orthopedic section of the American physical therapy association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2008;38(9):A1–a34.
  • Jull G, Trott P, Potter H, et al. A randomized controlled trial of exercise and manipulative therapy for cervicogenic headache. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002;27(17):1835–1843. discussion 1843.
  • Racicki S, Gerwin S, Diclaudio S, et al. Conservative physical therapy management for the treatment of cervicogenic headache: a systematic review. J Man Manip Ther. 2013;21(2):113–124.
  • Fishbain DA, Lewis J, Cole B, et al. Do the proposed cervicogenic headache diagnostic criteria demonstrate specificity in terms of separating cervicogenic headache from migraine? Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2003;7(5):387–394.
  • Kaniecki RG. Migraine and tension-type headache: an assessment of challenges in diagnosis. Neurology. 2002;58(9 Suppl 6):S15–20.
  • Pfaffenrath V, Kaube H. Diagnostics of cervicogenic headache. Funct Neurol. 1990;5(2):159–164.
  • Lipton RB, Diamond S, Reed M, et al. Migraine diagnosis and treatment: results from the American migraine study II. Headache. 2001;41(7):638–645.
  • Diamond ML. The role of concomitant headache types and non-headache co-morbidities in the underdiagnosis of migraine. Neurology. 2002;58(9 Suppl 6):S3–9.
  • Goodman CC, Snyder TEK. Differential diagnosis for physical therapists: screening for referral. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2012.
  • Abrams BM. Factors That Cause Concern. Med Clinics. 2013;97(2):225–242.
  • Forde G, Duarte RA, Rosen N. Managing chronic headache disorders. Med Clinics. 2016;100(1):117–141.
  • Martin VT. The diagnostic evaluation of secondary headache disorders. Headache. 2011;51(2):346–352.
  • Loder E, Cardona L. Evaluation for secondary causes of headache: the role of blood and urine testing. Headache. 2011;51(2):338–345.
  • Dunning JR, Butts R, Mourad F, et al. Upper cervical and upper thoracic manipulation versus mobilization and exercise in patients with cervicogenic headache: a multi-center randomized clinical trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17:64.
  • Haas M, Spegman A, Peterson D, et al. Dose response and efficacy of spinal manipulation for chronic cervicogenic headache: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Spine J. 2010;10(2):117–128.
  • Hall T, Chan HT, Christensen L, et al. Efficacy of a C1-C2 self-sustained natural apophyseal glide (SNAG) in the management of cervicogenic headache. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;37(3):100–107.
  • Malo-Urries M, Tricas-Moreno JM, Estebanez-de-Miguel E, et al. Immediate effects of upper cervical translatoric mobilization on cervical mobility and pressure pain threshold in patients with cervicogenic headache: a randomized controlled trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2017;40(9):649–658.
  • Ylinen J, Nikander R, Nykanen M, et al. Effect of neck exercises on cervicogenic headache: a randomized controlled trial. J Rehabil Med. 2010;42(4):344–349.
  • Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Cuadrado ML. Physical therapy for headaches. Cephalalgia. 2016;36(12):1134–1142.
  • Sedighi A, Nakhostin Ansari N, Naghdi S. Comparison of acute effects of superficial and deep dry needling into trigger points of suboccipital and upper trapezius muscles in patients with cervicogenic headache. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2017;21(4):810–814.
  • Millstine D, Chen CY, Bauer B. Complementary and integrative medicine in the management of headache. BMJ (Clin Res Ed). 2017;357:j1805.
  • Luedtke K, Allers A, Schulte LH, et al. Efficacy of interventions used by physiotherapists for patients with headache and migraine-systematic review and meta-analysis. Cephalalgia. 2016;36(5):474–492.
  • De Hertogh W, Vaes P, Devroey D, et al. Preliminary results, methodological considerations and recruitment difficulties of a randomised clinical trial comparing two treatment regimens for patients with headache and neck pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2009;10:115.
  • Gross AR, Kay TM, Kennedy C, et al. Clinical practice guideline on the use of manipulation or mobilization in the treatment of adults with mechanical neck disorders. Manual Ther. 2002;7(4):193–205.
  • Hahn T, Kelly C, Murphy E, et al. Clinical decision-making in the management of cervical spine derangement: a case study survey using a patient vignette. J Man Manip Ther. 2014;22(4):213–219.
  • Center on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education. Standards and required elements for accreditation of physical therapist education programs. 2017 [cited 2018 Apr 15]. http://www.capteonline.org/uploadedFiles/CAPTEorg/About_CAPTE/Resources/Accreditation_Handbook/CAPTE_PTStandardsEvidence.pdf
  • Charlin B, Boshuizen HP, Custers EJ, et al. Scripts and clinical reasoning. Med Educ. 2007;41(12):1178–1184.
  • Coderre S, Mandin H, Harasym PH, et al. Diagnostic reasoning strategies and diagnostic success. Med Educ. 2003;37(8):695–703.
  • Charlin B, Brailovsky C, Leduc C, et al. The diagnosis script questionnaire: a new tool to assess a specific dimension of clinical competence. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 1998;3(1):51–58.
  • Kazuhisa M, Kotaro K. The differences of subjective findings in pattern recognition among experts, novices and students: a quasi-delphi technique. Educ Med J. 2015;7(1):e22–e29.
  • Kazuhisa M, Kotaro K. The development of pattern recognition via clinical experience: a preliminary study. Educ Med J. 2014;6(4):e57–e65.
  • Blanpied PR, Gross AR, Elliott JM, et al. Neck Pain: revision 2017. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017;47(7):A1–A83.
  • ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Headache. 2013 [cited 2018 Nov 9]. https://acsearch.acr.org/docs/69482/Narrative
  • Jauhar S. The demise of the physical exam. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(6):548–551.
  • Kelly M, Tink W, Nixon L, et al. Losing touch?: refining the role of physical examination in family medicine. Can Family Physician. 2015;61(12):1041–1043.
  • DiGiovanni BF, Sundem LT, Southgate RD, et al. Musculoskeletal medicine is underrepresented in the American medical school clinical curriculum. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016;474(4):901–907.
  • Flegel KM. Does the physical examination have a future? CMAJ = Journal De l’Association Medicale Canadienne. 1999;161(9):1117–1118.
  • Ramani S, Ring BN, Lowe R, et al. A pilot study assessing knowledge of clinical signs and physical examination skills in incoming medicine residents. J Grad Med Educ. 2010;2(2):232–235.
  • Verghese A, Charlton B, Kassirer JP, et al. Inadequacies of physical examination as a cause of medical errors and adverse events: a collection of vignettes. Am J Med. 2015;128(12):1322–1324.e1323.
  • Fredriksen TA, Antonaci F, Sjaastad O. Cervicogenic headache: too important to be left un-diagnosed. J Headache Pain. 2015;16:6.
  • Haas M, Groupp E, Panzer D, et al. Efficacy of cervical endplay assessment as an indicator for spinal manipulation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003;28(11): 1091–1096. discussion 1096.
  • Huijbregts P. Clinical prediction rules: time to sacrifice the holy cow of specificity? J Man Manip Ther. 2007;15(1):5–8.
  • Troyanovich SJ. Motion palpation: it’s time to accept the evidence. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2000;23(7):514.
  • King W, Lau P, Lees R, et al. The validity of manual examination in assessing patients with neck pain. Spine J. 2007;7(1):22–26.
  • Seffinger MA, Najm WI, Mishra SI, et al. Reliability of spinal palpation for diagnosis of back and neck pain: a systematic review of the literature. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004;29(19):E413–425.
  • Piva SR, Erhard RE, Childs JD, et al. Inter-tester reliability of passive intervertebral and active movements of the cervical spine. Man Ther. 2006;11(4):321–330.
  • Strender LE, Lundin M, Nell K. Interexaminer reliability in physical examination of the neck. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1997;20(8):516–520.
  • Fjellner A, Bexander C, Faleij R, et al. Interexaminer reliability in physical examination of the cervical spine. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1999;22(8):511–516.
  • Jonsson A, Rasmussen-Barr E. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of movement and palpation tests in patients with neck pain: a systematic review. Physiother Theory Pract. 2018;34(3):165–180.
  • Marcotte J, Normand MC, Black P. The kinematics of motion palpation and its effect on the reliability for cervical spine rotation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2002;25(7):E7.
  • Cooperstein R, Young M. The reliability of spinal motion palpation determination of the location of the stiffest spinal site is influenced by confidence ratings: a secondary analysis of three studies. Chiropr Man Therap. 2016;24:50.
  • Tuttle N, Hazle C. Spinal PA movements behave ‘as if’ there are limitations of local segmental mobility and are large enough to be perceivable by manual palpation: a synthesis of the literature. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2018;36:25–31.
  • Hall T, Briffa K, Hopper D, et al. Reliability of manual examination and frequency of symptomatic cervical motion segment dysfunction in cervicogenic headache. Man Ther. 2010;15(6):542–546.
  • Howard PD, Behrns W, Martino MD, et al. Manual examination in the diagnosis of cervicogenic headache: a systematic literature review. J Man Manip Ther. 2015;23(4):210–218.
  • Rubio-Ochoa J, Benitez-Martinez J, Lluch E, et al. Physical examination tests for screening and diagnosis of cervicogenic headache: a systematic review. Man Ther. 2016;21:35–40.
  • Andersen S, Petersen MW, Svendsen AS, et al. Pressure pain thresholds assessed over temporalis, masseter, and frontalis muscles in healthy individuals, patients with tension-type headache, and those with migraine – a systematic review. Pain. 2015;156(8):1409–1423.
  • Ashina S, Lipton RB, Bendtsen L, et al. Increased pain sensitivity in migraine and tension-type headache coexistent with low back pain: a cross-sectional population study. Eur J Pain. 2018;22(5):904–914.
  • Castien RF, van der Wouden JC, De Hertogh W. Pressure pain thresholds over the cranio-cervical region in headache: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Headache Pain. 2018;19(1):9.
  • Fernandez-De-Las-Penas C, Arendt-Nielsen L. Improving understanding of trigger points and widespread pressure pain sensitivity in tension-type headache patients: clinical implications. Expert Rev Neurother. 2017;17(9):933–939.
  • Nijs J, Malfliet A, Ickmans K, et al. Treatment of central sensitization in patients with ‘unexplained’ chronic pain: an update. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2014;15(12):1671–1683.
  • Palacios-Cena M, Barbero M, Falla D, et al. Pain extent is associated with the emotional and physical burdens of chronic tension-type headache, but not with depression or anxiety. Pain Med. 2017;18(10):2033–2039.
  • Sagripanti M, Viti C. Primary headaches in patients with temporomandibular disorders: diagnosis and treatment of central sensitization pain. Cranio: J craniomandib Pract. 2018;36(6):381–389.
  • Wilbrink LA, Louter MA, Teernstra OPM, et al. Allodynia in cluster headache. Pain. 2017;158(6):1113–1117.
  • You DS, Haney R, Albu S, et al. Generalized pain sensitization and endogenous oxytocin in individuals with symptoms of migraine: a cross-sectional study. Headache. 2018;58(1):62–77.
  • Benatto MT, Bevilaqua-Grossi D, Carvalho GF, et al. Kinesiophobia is associated with migraine. Pain Med. 2019;20(4):846–851.
  • Garrigos-Pedron M, La Touche R, Navarro-Desentre P, et al. Effects of a physical therapy protocol in patients with chronic migraine and temporomandibular disorders: a randomized, single-blinded, clinical trial. J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2018;32(2):137–150.
  • Gil-Martinez A, Navarro-Fernandez G, Mangas-Guijarro MA, et al. Comparison between chronic migraine and temporomandibular disorders in pain-related disability and fear-avoidance behaviors. Pain Med. 2017;18(11):2214–2223.
  • Martins IP, Gouveia RG, Parreira E. Kinesiophobia in migraine. J Pain. 2006;7(6):445–451.
  • Bigal ME, Ashina S, Burstein R, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of allodynia in headache sufferers: a population study. Neurology. 2008;70(17):1525–1533.
  • Benatto MT, Bevilaqua-Grossi D, Carvalho GF, et al. Kinesiophobia is associated with migraine. Pain Med. 2019;20(4):846–851.
  • Goli Z, Asghari A, Moradi A. Effects of mood induction on the pain responses in patients with migraine and the role of pain catastrophizing. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2016;23(1):66–76.
  • Kindelan-Calvo P, Gil-Martinez A, Paris-Alemany A, et al. Effectiveness of therapeutic patient education for adults with migraine. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pain Med. 2014;15(9):1619–1636.
  • Probyn K, Bowers H, Mistry D, et al. Non-pharmacological self-management for people living with migraine or tension-type headache: a systematic review including analysis of intervention components. BMJ Open. 2017;7(8):e016670.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.