1,430
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Culture and credibility: the assessment of asylum seekers’ statements

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Received 21 Dec 2022, Accepted 30 Sep 2023, Published online: 10 Nov 2023

References

  • Akehurst, L., Köhnken, G., Vrij, A., & Bull, R. (1996). Lay persons’ and police officers’ beliefs regarding deceptive behaviour. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10(6), 461–471. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199612)10:6<461::AID-ACP413>3.0.CO;2-2
  • Allport, G. W., & Pettigrew, T. F. (1957). Cultural influence on the perception of movement: The trapezoidal illusion among Zulus. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 55(1), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0049372
  • Amado, B. G., Arce, R., Fariña, F., & Vilariño, M. (2016). Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA) reality criteria in adults: A meta-analytic review. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 16(2), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2016.01.002
  • Anakwah, N., Horselenberg, R., Hope, L., Amankwah-Poku, M., & Koppen, P. J. (2020). Cross-cultural differences in eyewitness memory reports. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(2), 504–515. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3637
  • Anakwah, N., Horselenberg, R., Hope, L., Amankwah-Poku, M., & Van Koppen, P. J. (2021). The effect of authority on eyewitness memory reports. Manuscript in preperation.
  • Anakwah, N., Horselenberg, R., Hope, L., Amankwah-Poku, M., & Van Koppen, P. J. (2022). The misinformation effect and eyewitness memory reports: A cross-cultural investigation. Manuscript in preperation.
  • Anders, G. (2011). Testifying about ‘uncivilized events’: Problematic representations of Africa in the trial against Charles Taylor. Leiden Journal of International Law, 24(4), 937–959. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156511000446
  • Apicella, C., Norenzayan, A., & Henrich, J. (2020). Beyond WEIRD: A review of the last decade and a look ahead to the global laboratory of the future. Evolution and Human Behavior, 41(5), 319–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2020.07.015
  • Ask, K., & Granhag, P. A. (2005). Motivational sources of confirmation bias in criminal investigations: The need for cognitive closure. Investigative Pscychology and Offender Profiling, 2(1), 43–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/jip.19
  • Berg, L., & Millbank, J. (2009). Constructing the personal narratives of lesbian, gay and bisexual asylum claimants. Journal of Refugee Studies, 22(2), 195–223. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fep010
  • Bluck, S., Levine, L. J., & Laulhere, T. M. (1999). Autobiographical remembering and hypermnesia: A comparison of older and younger adults. Psychology and Aging, 14(4), 671–682. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.14.4.671
  • Bodström, E. (2022). Illusions of objectivity: The two functions of country of origin information in asylum assessment. Migration Studies, 11(1), 197–217. https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnac033
  • Bögner, D., Brewin, C., & Herlihy, J. (2010). Refugees’ experiences of home office interviews: A qualitative study on the disclosure of sensitive personal information. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(3), 519–535. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691830903368329
  • Bögner, D., Herlihy, J., & Brewin, C. R. (2007). Impact of sexual violence on disclosure during home office interviews. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 191(1), 75–81. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.030262
  • Bond, C. F., & Atoum, A. O. (2000). International deception. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(3), 385–395. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167200265010
  • Bond, C. F., & DePaulo, B. M. (2006). Accuracy of deception judgments. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(3), 214–234. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr1003_2
  • Bond, C. F., Howard, A. R., Hutchison, J. L., & Masip, J. (2013). Overlooking the obvious: Incentives to lie. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 35(2), 212–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2013.764302
  • Bond, C. F., Omar, A., Mahmoud, A., & Bonser, R. N. (1990). Lie detection across cultures. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 14(3), 189–204. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00996226
  • Boyer, P., & Wertsch, J. V. (2009). Memory in mind and culture. Cambridge University Press.
  • Brady, L. M., Fryberg, S. A., & Shoda, Y. (2018). Expanding the interpretive power of psychological science by attending to culture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(45), 11406–11413. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1803526115
  • Brewin, C. R. (2011). The nature and significance of memory disturbance in posttraumatic stress disorder. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 7(1), 203–227. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104544
  • Byrne, R. (2007). Assessing testimonial evidence in asylum proceedings: Guiding standards from the international criminal tribunals. International Journal of Refugee Law, 19(4), 609–638. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eem056
  • Cameron, H. E. (2010). Refugee status determinations and the limits of memory. International Journal of Refugee Law, 22(4), 469–511. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeq041
  • Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2000). Assessing extreme and acquiescence response sets in cross-cultural research using structural equations modeling. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 31(2), 187–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022100031002003
  • Cohen, J. (2001). Questions of credibility: Omissions, discrepancies and errors of recall in the testimony of asylum seekers. International Journal of Refugee Law, 13(3), 293–309. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/13.3.293. https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle = hein.journals/intjrl13&div = 31&g_sent = 1&casa_token = -3RIhqOR95gAAAAA:iN-wLgcSIW2xH0m4_luc7Z61QluQYJixrVmxfyrdB9YCldpNR7dF9YMO4RZIhH5_a63y2_8&collection = journals#
  • Combs, N. A. (2009). Testimonial deficiencies and evidentiary uncertainties in international criminal trials. UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs, 14(1), 235–274. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45302340
  • Combs, N. A. (2010). Fact-finding without facts: The uncertain evidentiary foundations of international criminal convictions. Cambridge University Press.
  • Combs, N. A. (2017). Grave crimes and weak evidence: A fact-finding evolution in international criminal law. Harvard International Law Journal, 58(1), 47–125. https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/hilj58&id=53&collection=journals&index
  • Dauvergne, C., & Millbank, J. (2003). Burdened by proof: How the Australian refugee review tribunal has failed lesbian and gay asylum seekers. Federal Law Review, 31(2), 299–342. https://doi.org/10.22145/flr.31.2.2
  • De Bruïne, G., Vredeveldt, A., & Van Koppen, P. J. (2018). Cross-cultural differences in object recognition: Comparing asylum seekers from sub-Saharan Africa and a matched western European control group. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 32(4), 463–473. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3419
  • DePaulo, B. M., Lindsay, J. J., Malone, B. E., Muhlenbruck, L., Charlton, K., & Cooper, H. (2003). Cues to deception. Psychological Bulletin, 129(1), 74–118. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.74
  • DePaulo, B. M., & Pfeifer, R. L. (1986). On-the-job experience and skill at detecting deception. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 16(3), 249–267. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1986.tb01138.x
  • Deręgowski, J. B. (2017). Cross-cultural studies of illusions. In A. G. Shapiro, & D. Todorović (Eds.), The Oxford compendium of visual illusions (pp. 38–53). Oxford University Press.
  • Dowd, R., Hunter, J., Liddell, B., McAdam, J., Nickerson, A., & Bryant, R. (2018). Filling gaps and verifying facts: Assumptions and credibility assessment in the Australian refugee review tribunal. International Journal of Refugee Law, 30(1), 71–103. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eey017
  • Drenk, D. H., Mückermann, V., Schoonmade, L., Holá, B., & Vredeveldt, A. (2023). The influence of culture on witness testimony: An interdisciplinary scoping review. Manuscript submitted for publication.
  • Ekman, P., & O’Sullivan, M. (1991). Who can catch a liar? American Psychologist, 46(9), 913–920. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.46.9.913
  • Erdem, T., Swait, J., & Valenzuela, A. (2006). Brands as signals: A cross-country validation study. Journal of Marketing, 70(1), 34–49. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.70.1.034.qxd
  • European Asylum Support Office (EASO). (2015). EASO practical guide: Evidence assessment (978-92-9243-373-4). https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/public/EASO-Practical-Guide_-Evidence-Assessment.pdf
  • Eurostat. (2022). Asylum quarterly report. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title = Asylum_quarterly_report#Where_do_asylum_applicants_come_from.3F
  • Evans, J. R., Shaffer, S. A., & Walsh, D. (2019). Interpreters in investigative interviewing contexts. In R. Bull, & I. Blandón-Gitlin (Eds.), The Routledge international handbook of legal and investigative psychology (pp. 133–148). Routledge.
  • Ewens, S., Vrij, A., Leal, S., Mann, S., Jo, E., & Fisher, R. P. (2016). The effect of interpreters on eliciting information, cues to deceit and rapport. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 21(2), 286–304. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12067
  • Fazel, M., Wheeler, J., & Danesh, J. (2005). Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in western countries: A systematic review. The Lancet, 365(9467), 1309–1314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61027-6
  • Fisher, R. P., Vrij, A., & Leins, D. A. (2013). Does testimonial inconsistency indicate memory inaccuracy and deception? Beliefs, empirical research, and theory. In B. S. Cooper, D. Griesel, & M. Ternes (Eds.), Applied issues in investigative interviewing, eyewitness memory, and credibility assessment (pp. 173–189). Springer.
  • Gabbert, F., Memon, A., & Allan, K. (2003). Memory conformity: Can eyewitnesses influence each other’s memories for an event? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 17(5), 533–543. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.885
  • Gelfand, M. J., Harrington, J. R., & Jackson, J. C. (2017). The strength of social norms across human groups. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(5), 800–809. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617708631
  • Ghosh, A. (2011). Power distance in organizational contexts-a review of collectivist cultures. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 47(1), 89–101. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23070557
  • Gibb, R., & Good, A. (2013). Do the facts speak for themselves? Country of origin information in French and British refugee status determination procedures. International Journal of Refugee Law, 25(2), 291–322. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eet015
  • Giebels, E., Oostinga, M. S. D., Taylor, P. J., & Curtis, J. L. (2017). The cultural dimension of uncertainty avoidance impacts police–civilian interaction. Law and Human Behavior, 41(1), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000227
  • Gorlick, B. (2003). Common burdens and standards: Legal elements in assessing claims to refugee status. International Journal of Refugee Law, 15(3), 357–376. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/15.3.357
  • Graham, B., Herlihy, J., & Brewin, C. R. (2014). Overgeneral memory in asylum seekers and refugees. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 45(3), 375–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.03.001
  • Granhag, P. A., & Strömwall, L. A. (1999). Repeated interrogations: Stretching the deception detection paradigm. Expert Evidence, 7(3), 163–174. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008993326434
  • Granhag, P. A., & Strömwall, L. A. (2000). Effects of preconceptions on deception detection and new answers to why lie-catchers often fail. Psychology, Crime and Law, 6(3), 197–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160008409804
  • Granhag, P. A., Strömwall, L. A., & Hartwig, M. (2005). Granting asylum or not? Migration board personnel’s beliefs about deception. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 31(1), 29–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183042000305672
  • Gutchess, A., & Sekuler, R. (2019). Perceptual and mnemonic differences across cultures. In K. D. Federmeier, & J. L. Montag (Eds.), Psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 71, pp. 131–174). Elsevier.
  • Gutchess, A. H., Welsh, R. C., Boduroĝlu, A., & Park, D. C. (2006). Cultural differences in neural function associated with object processing. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 6(2), 102–109. https://doi.org/10.3758/CABN.6.2.102
  • Gyulai, G., Kagan, M., Herlihy, J., Turner, S. W., Lilli, H., & Udvarhelyi, ÉT. (2013). Credibility assessment in asylum procedures – a multidisciplinary training manual. H. H. Committee. https://www.refworld.org/docid/5253bd9a4.html
  • Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture. Anchor.
  • Hartwig, M., & Bond, C. F. (2011). Why do lie-catchers fail? A lens model meta-analysis of human lie judgments. Psychological Bulletin, 137(4), 643–659. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023589
  • Hartwig, M., Granhag, P. A., & Strömwall, L. A. (2005). Detecting deception via strategic disclosure of evidence. Law and Human Behavior, 29(4), 469–484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-005-5521-x
  • Hartwig, M., Granhag, P. A., Strömwall, L. A., & Kronkvist, O. (2006). Strategic use of evidence during police interviews: When training to detect deception works. Law and Human Behavior, 30(5), 603–619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-006-9053-9
  • Henrich, J., Heine, S. J., & Norenzayan, A. (2010). The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33(2-3), 61–83; discussion 83-135. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0999152X
  • Herlihy, J., Gleeson, K., & Turner, S. W. (2010). What assumptions about human behaviour underlie asylum judgments? International Journal of Refugee Law, 22(3), 351–366. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeq027
  • Herlihy, J., Jobson, L., & Turner, S. (2012). Just tell us what happened to you: Autobiographical memory and seeking asylum. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 26(5), 661–676. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2852
  • Herlihy, J., Scragg, P., & Turner, S. W. (2002). Discrepancies in autobiographical memories – implications for the assessment of asylum seekers: Repeated interviews study. Bmj, 324(7333), 324–327. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.324.7333.324
  • Herlihy, J., & Turner, S. W. (2006). Should discrepant accounts given by asylum seekers be taken as proof of deceit? Torture: Quarterly Journal on Rehabilitation of Torture Victims and Prevention of Torture, 16(2), 81–92.
  • Herlihy, J., & Turner, S. W. (2009). The psychology of seeking protection. International Journal of Refugee Law, 21(2), 171–192. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eep004
  • Hill, C., Memon, A., & McGeorge, P. (2008). The role of confirmation bias in suspect interviews: A systematic evaluation. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 13(2), 357–371. https://doi.org/10.1348/135532507X238682
  • Hirst, W., & Echterhoff, G. (2012). Remembering in conversations: The social sharing and reshaping of memories. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 55–79. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100340
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Sage Publications.
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Hope, L., Anakwah, N., Antfolk, J., Brubacher, S. P., Flowe, H., Gabbert, F., Giebels, E., Kanja, W., Korkman, J., Kyo, A., Naka, M., Otgaar, H., Powell, M. B., Selim, H., Skrifvars, J., Kwasi Sorkpah, I., Sowatey, E. A., Steele, L. C., Stevens, L., … Wells, S. (2022). Urgent issues and prospects at the intersection of culture, memory, and witness interviews: Exploring the challenges for research and practice. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 27(1), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12202
  • Hudson, W. (1960). Pictorial depth perception in sub-cultural groups in Africa. The Journal of Social Psychology, 52(2), 183–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1960.9922077
  • Humphries, C., & Jobson, L. (2012). Short report: Influence of culture and trauma history on autobiographical memory specificity. Memory (Hove, England), 20(8), 915–922. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2012.710432
  • Jansen, S., & Spijkerboer, T. (2011). Fleeing homophobia: Asylum claims related to sexual orientation and gender identity in the EU. https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4ebba7852.pdf
  • Jobson, L. (2009). Cultural differences in specificity of autobiographical memories: Implications for asylum decisions. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 16(3), 453–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218710902930259
  • Jobson, L. (2011). Cultural differences in levels of autonomous orientation in autobiographical remembering in posttraumatic stress disorder. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25(2), 175–182. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1660
  • Jobson, L., & O’Kearney, R. (2006). Cultural differences in autobiographical memory of trauma. Clinical Psychologist, 10(3), 89–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/13284200600939892
  • Jobson, L., & O’Kearney, R. (2008). Cultural differences in retrieval of self-defining memories. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39(1), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022107312073
  • Johnson, H., & Thompson, A. (2008). The development and maintenance of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in civilian adult survivors of war trauma and torture: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(1), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2007.01.017
  • Jordan, S., Hartwig, M., Wallace, B., Dawson, E., & Xhihani, A. (2012). Early versus late disclosure of evidence: Effects on verbal cues to deception, confessions, and lie catchers’ accuracy. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 9(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/jip.1350
  • Kagan, M. (2002). Is truth in the eye of the beholder? Objective credibility assessment in refugee status determination. Georgetown Immigration Law Journal, 17(3), 367–416. https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle = hein.journals/geoimlj17&div = 27&g_sent = 1&casa_token = HLsQZRdrhnEAAAAA:uuPx6ft31YpsLhAGf_d2BIEF-b7oRC709HwboIGIdcYOGySwC3AVFCPtDbbecxHN_T6G5PQ&collection = journals#
  • Kagan, M. (2010). Refugee credibility assessment and the religious imposter problem: A case study of Eritrean Pentecostal claims in Egypt. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 43(4), 1179–1233. https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle = hein.journals/vantl43&div = 36&g_sent = 1&casa_token = 9aPCnQGizFUAAAAA:9VJ6ertK0jZPw8hOhR5BCJuoosleXMKhPEMf8lLJYbP1g61HP1dOimRpNF6rPoGmmk6qVlQ&collection = journals#
  • Kashima, Y., Kashima, E., & Kidd, E. (2014). Language and culture. In T. M. Holtgraves (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of language and social psychology (pp. 46–61). Oxford University Press.
  • Kassin, S. M., Goldstein, C. C., & Savitsky, K. (2003). Behavioral confirmation in the interrogation room: On the dangers of presuming guilt. Law and Human Behavior, 27(2), 187–203. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022599230598
  • Kilbride, P. L., & Robbins, M. C. (1969). Pictorial depth perception and acculturation among the Baganda. American Anthropologist, 71(2), 293–301. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1969.71.2.02a00090
  • Kitayama, S., Duffy, S., Kawamura, T., & Larsen, J. T. (2003). Perceiving an object and its context in different cultures: A cultural look at new look. Psychological Science, 14(3), 201–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.02432
  • Leal, S., Vrij, A., Vernham, Z., Dalton, G., Jupe, L., Harvey, A., & Nahari, G. (2018). Cross-cultural verbal deception. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 23(2), 192–213. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12131
  • Levine, T. R., Anders, L. N., Banas, J., Baum, K. L., Endo, K., Hu, A. D. S., & Wong, N. C. H. (2000). Norms, expectations, and deception: A norm violation model of veracity judgments. Communication Monographs, 67(2), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637750009376500
  • Loftus, E. F. (1975a). Leading questions and the eyewitness report. Cognitive Psychology, 7(4), 560–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(75)90023-7
  • Loftus, E. F. (1975b). Reconstructing memory: The incredible eyewitness. Jurimetrics Journal, 15(3), 188–193. https://www.jstor.org/stable/29761487
  • Lustig, S. L., Karnik, N., Delucchi, K., & Tennakoon, L. (2008). Inside the judges’ chambers: Narrative responses from the national association of immigration judges stress and burnout survey. Georgetown Immigration Law Journal, 23(1), 57–84. https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/geoimlj23&div=6&g_sent=1&casa_token=PnG1zJmYagYAAAAA:soGLI-gRPILzm1VsnK0aF-Gr_jDeelcONStQNVCAOCKMVR8fF-fecjxoHf3Maax32cOhVzc&collection=journals
  • Maegherman, E., Veldhuizen, T. V., & Horselenberg, R. (2018). Dropping the anchor: The use of plausibility in credibility assessments. Oxford Monitor of Forced Migration, 7(2), 37–56. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331383215_Dropping_the_anchor_the_use_of_plausibility_in_credibility_assessments
  • Marian, V., & Kaushanskaya, M. (2004). Self-construal and emotion in bicultural bilinguals. Journal of Memory and Language, 51(2), 190–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2004.04.003
  • Masip, J. (2017). Deception detection: State of the art and future prospects. Psicothema, 29(2), 149–159. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id = 72750577001
  • Masuda, T., & Nisbett, R. E. (2001). Attending holistically versus analytically: Comparing the context sensitivity of Japanese and Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(5), 922–934. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.81.5.922
  • Meissner, C. A., & Kassin, S. M. (2002). “He’s guilty!”: Investigator bias in judgments of truth and deception. Law and Human Behavior, 26(5), 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020278620751
  • Millbank, J. (2009). ‘The ring of truth’: A case study of credibility assessment in particular social group refugee determinations. International Journal of Refugee Law, 21(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/een040
  • Miyamoto, Y., Nisbett, R. E., & Masuda, T. (2006). Culture and the physical environment: Holistic versus analytic perceptual affordances. Psychological Science, 17(2), 113–119. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01673.x
  • Nickerson, R. S. (1998). Confirmation bias: A ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises. Review of General Psychology, 2(2), 175–220. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.2.175
  • Nisbett, R. E., Peng, K., Choi, I., & Norenzayan, A. (2001). Culture and systems of thought: Holistic versus analytic cognition. Psychological Review, 108(2), 291–310. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.2.291
  • Noll, G. (2005a). Re-mapping evidentiary assessment in asylum procedures. In G. Noll (Ed.), Proof, evidentiary assessment and credibility in asylum procedures (pp. 1–10). Brill Nijhoff.
  • Noll, G. (2005b). Salvation by the grace of state? Explaining credibility assessment in the asylum procedure. In G. Noll (Ed.), Proof, evidentiary assessment and credibility in asylum procedures (pp. 197–214). Brill Nijhoff.
  • Norenzayan, A., & Nisbett, R. E. (2000). Culture and causal cognition. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9(4), 132–135. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00077
  • Odinot, G., van Rosmalen, E. A., & Vredeveldt, A. (2021). Eyewitness testimony. In J. M. Brown, & M. Horvarth (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of forensic psychology (pp. 353–368). Cambridge University Press.
  • Petterson, B., & Paterson, H. M. (2012). Culture and conformity: The effects of independent and interdependent self-construal on witness memory. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 19(5), 735–744. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2011.615821
  • Qualification Directive. (2011). 2011/95/EU [Recast QD 2004], L336/09 C.F.R. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri = OJ:L:2011:337:0009:0026:en:PDF
  • Rad, M. S., Martingano, A. J., & Ginges, J. (2018). Toward a psychology of Homo Sapiens: Making psychological science more representative of the human population. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(45), 11401–11405. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721165115
  • Rengers, M., & Kuiper, M. (2020, March 6). Traag, chaotisch, onhelder, onwetend: de IND wankelt. NRC. https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2020/03/06/traag-chaotisch-onhelder-onwetend-de-ind-wankelt-a3992938?t = 1685459967
  • Roediger, H. L., Meade, M. L., & Bergman, E. T. (2001). Social contagion of memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(2), 365–371. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196174
  • Schacter, D. L. (1999). The seven sins of memory: Insights from psychology and cognitive neuroscience. American Psychologist, 54(3), 182–203. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.182. https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/1999-10334-002
  • Schacter, D. L. (2022). The seven sins of memory: An update. Memory (Hove, England), 30(1), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1873391
  • Segall, M. H., Campbell, D. T., & Herskovits, M. J. (1966). The influence of culture on visual perception.
  • Selim, H., Korkman, J., Nynäs, P., Pirjatanniemi, E., & Antfolk, J. (2022). A review of psycho-legal issues in credibility assessments of asylum claims based on religion. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2022.2116611
  • Selim, H., Korkman, J., Pirjatanniemi, E., & Antfolk, J. (2022). Asylum claims based on sexual orientation: A review of psycho-legal issues in credibility assessments. Psychology, Crime & Law, 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2022.2044038
  • Sharma, P. (2010). Measuring personal cultural orientations: Scale development and validation. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 38(6), 787–806. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-009-0184-7
  • Skrifvars, J., Antfolk, J., Van Veldhuizen, T., Sui, V., & Korkman, J. (2022). Eliciting information in official Finnish asylum interviews. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(3), 508–519. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3936
  • Skrifvars, J., Korkman, J., Sui, V., Van Veldhuizen, T., & Antfolk, J. (2020). An analysis of question style and type in official Finnish asylum interview transcripts. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 17(3), 333–348. https://doi.org/10.1002/jip.1557
  • Skrifvars, J., Sui, V., Antfolk, J., Van Veldhuizen, T., & Korkman, J. (2022). Psychological assumptions underlying credibility assessments in Finnish asylum determinations. Nordic Psychology, https://doi.org/10.1080/19012276.2022.2145986
  • Smeets, T., Candel, I., & Merckelbach, H. (2004). Accuracy, completeness, and consistency of emotional memories. The American Journal of Psychology, 117(4), 595–609. https://doi.org/10.2307/4148994
  • Steller, M., & Köhnken, G. (1989). Criteria-based content analysis. In D. C. Raskin (Ed.), Psychological methods in criminal investigation and evidence (pp. 217–245). Springer-Verlag.
  • Sweeney, J. A. (2009). Credibility, proof and refugee law. International Journal of Refugee Law, 21(4), 700–726. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eep027
  • Tabata, N., & Vrij, A. (2023). Differences between Japanese and British participants in self-reported verbal strategies to appear convincing. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 30(2), 177–191. http://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2021.2003269
  • Taylor, P. J., Larner, S., Conchie, S. M., & Menacere, T. (2017). Culture moderates changes in linguistic self-presentation and detail provision when deceiving others. Royal Society Open Science, 4(6), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170128
  • Taylor, P. J., Larner, S., Conchie, S. M., & van der Zee, S. (2014). Cross-cultural deception detection: Current challenges and cognitive approaches. In P. A. Granhag, A. Vrij, & B. Verschuere (Eds.), Detecting deception (pp. 175–201). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Treanor, M., Brown, L. A., Rissman, J., & Craske, M. G. (2017). Can memories of traumatic experiences or addiction be erased or modified? A critical review of research on the disruption of memory reconsolidation and its applications. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(2), 290–305. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691616664725
  • Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185(4157), 1124–1131. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.185.4157.1124
  • UNHCR. (1998). Note on burden and standard of proof in refugee claims. https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/3ae6b3338.pdf
  • UNHCR. (2013). Beyond proof: Credibility assessment in EU asylum systems. https://www.unhcr.org/protection/operations/51a8a08a9/full-report-beyond-proof-credibility-assessment-eu-asylum-systems.html
  • United Nations General Assembly. (1948). Universal declaration of human rights. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
  • United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). (2001). Note on international protection. https://www.refworld.org/docid/3bb1c6cc4.html
  • Van Koppen, P. J., & Mackor, A. R. (2020). A scenario approach to the simonshaven case. Topics in Cognitive Science, 12(4), 1132–1151. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12429
  • Van Veldhuizen, T. (2022). Fact-finding in asylum cases. In S. Landström, P. A. Granhag, & P. J. Van Koppen (Eds.), The future of forensic psychology: Core topics and emerging trends (pp. 160–170). Routlegde.
  • Van Veldhuizen, T. S. (2017). Where I come from and how I got here: Assessing credibility in asylum cases [Doctoral dissertation]. Maastricht University. Gildeprint Drukkerijen.
  • Van Veldhuizen, T. S., Horselenberg, R., Landström, S., Granhag, P. A., & van Koppen, P. J. (2017). Interviewing asylum seekers: A vignette study on the questions asked to assess credibility of claims about origin and persecution. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 14(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/jip.1472
  • Van Veldhuizen, T. S., Horselenberg, R., Stel, M., Landström, S., Granhag, P. A., & van Koppen, P. J. (2017). The provenance of émigrés: The validity of measuring knowledge of places. Psychology, Crime & Law, 23(6), 553–574. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2017.1284219
  • Van Veldhuizen, T. S., Maas, R., Horselenberg, R., & van Koppen, P. J. (2018). Establishing origin: Analysing the questions asked in asylum interviews. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 25(2), 283–302. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2017.1376607
  • Varnum, M. E., Grossmann, I., Kitayama, S., & Nisbett, R. E. (2010). The origin of cultural differences in cognition: Evidence for the social orientation hypothesis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(1), 9–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721409359301
  • Veillard, N. (2017). WEIRD sampling in cross-cultural psychology, should it not be less WEIRD and more representative [Master's thesis]. Leiden University. https://hdl.handle.net/1887/56361
  • Vredeveldt, A., & De Bruïne, G. (2022). Not universally sinful: Cultural aspects of memory sins. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(11), 465–470. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000089
  • Vredeveldt, A., Given-Wilson, Z., & Memon, A. (2023). Culture, trauma, and memory in investigative interviews. Psychology, Crime & Law, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2023.2209262
  • Vredeveldt, A., Groen, R. N., Ampt, J. E., & van Koppen, P. J. (2017). When discussion between eyewitnesses helps memory. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 22(2), 242–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12097
  • Vredeveldt, A., Hildebrandt, A., & Van Koppen, P. J. (2016). Acknowledge, repeat, rephrase, elaborate: Witnesses can help each other remember more. Memory (Hove, England), 24(5), 669–682. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1042884
  • Vredeveldt, A., van Koppen, P. J., & Granhag, P. A. (2014). The inconsistent suspect: A systematic review of different types of consistency in truth tellers and liars. In R. Bull (Ed.), Investigative interviewing (pp. 183–207). Springer.
  • Vredeveldt, A., van Rosmalen, E. A. J., van Koppen, P. J., Dror, I. E., & Otgaar, H. (2022). Legal psychologists as experts: Guidelines for minimizing bias. Psychology, Crime & Law, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2022.2114476
  • Vrij, A. (2000). Detecting lies and deceit: The psychology of lying and implications for professional practice. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Vrij, A. (2005). Criteria-based content analysis: A qualitative review of the first 37 studies. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 11(1), 3–41. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.11.1.3
  • Vrij, A., Leal, S., Mann, S., Vernham, Z., Dalton, G., Serok-Jeppa, O., Rozmann, N., Nahari, G., & Fisher, R. P. (2021). Please tell me all you remember’: A comparison between British and arab interviewees’ free narrative performance and its implications for lie detection. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 28(4), 546–559. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2020.1805812
  • Vrij, A., & Semin, G. R. (1996). Lie experts’ beliefs about nonverbal indicators of deception. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 20(1), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02248715
  • Wang, Q. (2001). Culture effects on adults’ earliest childhood recollection and self-description: Implications for the relation between memory and the self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(2), 220–233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.81.2.220
  • Wang, Q. (2021). The cultural foundation of human memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), 151–179. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-070920-023638
  • Wang, Q., & Conway, M. A. (2004). The stories we keep: Autobiographical memory in American and Chinese middle-aged adults. Journal of Personality, 72(5), 911–938. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00285.x
  • Wang, Q., & Ross, M. (2005). What we remember and what we tell: The effects of culture and self-priming on memory representations and narratives. Memory (Hove, England), 13(6), 594–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210444000223
  • Witkin, H. A., & Berry, J. W. (1975). Psychological differentiation in cross-cultural perspective. ETS Research Bulletin Series, 6(1), 1–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2333-8504.1975.tb01065.x
  • Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lenartowicz, T. (2011). Measuring Hofstede’s five dimensions of cultural values at the individual level: Development and validation of CVSCALE. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 23(3-4), 193–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2011.578059