Publication Cover
Identities
Global Studies in Culture and Power
Volume 15, 2008 - Issue 3: Middle Eastern Belongings
1,713
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

ON THE MARGINS: WOMEN, NATIONAL BOUNDARIES, AND CONFLICT IN SADDAM'S IRAQ

Pages 271-296 | Received 28 Mar 2006, Accepted 23 May 2007, Published online: 03 Jun 2008

References

  • Abdullah , Thabit A. J. 2003 . A Short History of Iraq: From 636 to the Present , London : Pearson Education .
  • Al-Ali , Nadje Sadig . 2007 . Iraqi Women: Untold Stories from 1948 to the Present , London : Zed Books .
  • al-Khafaji , Isam . 2000 . “ War as a Vehicle for the Rise and Demise of a State Controlled Society: The Case of Ba'thist Iraq ” . In War, Institutions, and Social Change in the Middle East , Edited by: Heydemann , Steven . Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
  • al-Khayyat , Sana . 1990 . Honor and Shame: Women in Modern Iraq , London : Saqi Books .
  • Alnasrawi , Abbas . 2001 . Oil, sanctions, debt and the future . Arab Studies Quarterly , 23 ( 4 ) : 1 – 14 .
  • al-Sharqi , Amal . 1982 . “ The Emancipation of Iraqi Women ” . In Iraq: The Contemporary State , Edited by: Niblock , Tim . London : Croom Helm .
  • Amnesty International 2001. Systematic Torture of Political Prisoners. Amnesty International Report. Electronic document http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/moE14/008/2001/dom-MDE140082001en.pdf
  • Baram , Amatzia . 1991 . Culture, History and Ideology in the Formation of Ba'thist Iraq, 1968–89 , St. Antony's College Oxford : Macmillan .
  • Baram , Amatzia . 1997 . Neo-tribalism in Iraq: Saddam Hussein's tribal policies 1991–96 . International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies , 29 ( 1 ) : 1 – 31 .
  • Baram, Amatzia 2004. Between Sistani, Muqtada, the IGC and the CPA. Testimony to the House Armed Services Committee of the United States House of Representatives regarding the Iraqi Shiite Community. Electronic document http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/-congress/2004_hr/04-04-21baram.htm
  • Batatu , Hanna . 2004 . The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq , Third , London : Saqi Books .
  • Bengio , Ofra . 1998 . Saddam's Word: Political Discourse in Iraq , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Cainkar , Louise . 1993 . The Gulf War, sanctions and the lives of Iraqi women . Arab Studies Quarterly , 2 ( 15 ) : 15 – 49 .
  • Cobbett , Deborah . 1989 . “ Women in Iraq ” . In Saddam's Iraq. Committee Against Repression and for Democratic Rights in Iraq , London : Zed Books .
  • Delaney , Carol . 1991 . The Seed and the Soil: Gender and Cosmology in Turkish Village Society , Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
  • Delaney , Carol . 1995 . “ Father State, Motherland, and the Birth of Modern Turkey ” . In Naturalizing Power: Essays in Feminist Cultural Analysis , Edited by: Yanagisako , Sylvia and Delaney , Carol . London : Routledge .
  • Denzin , Norman K. and Lincoln , Yvonna S. , eds. 2000 . Handbook of Qualitative Research , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications .
  • Douglas , Mary . 1966 . Purity and Danger , Middlesex, U.K. : Penguin .
  • Efrati , Noga . 1999 . Productive or reproductive? The roles of Iraqi women during the Iran-Iraq War . Middle Eastern Studies , 35 ( 2 ) : 27 – 44 .
  • Enloe , Cynthia . 1993 . The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End of the Cold War , Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
  • Enloe , Cynthia . 1998 . “ All the Men Are in the Militias, All the Women Are Victims: The Politics of Masculinity and Femininity in Nationalist Wars ” . In The Women and War Reader , Edited by: Lorentzen , Lois Ann and Turpin , Jennifer . New York : New York University Press .
  • Feldner Yotam 2001. ‘72 Black Eyed Virgins’: A Muslim Debate on the Rewards of Martyrs. The Middle East Media Research Institute, Inquiry, and Analysis Series – No. 74. Electronic document http://www.memri.org/bin/articles.cgi?Area=ia&ID=IA7401
  • Fernea , Elizabeth Warnock . 1969 . Guests of the Sheik: An Ethnography of an Iraqi Village , New York : Doubleday .
  • Gerber , Haim . 1987 . The Social Origins of the Modern Middle East , Boulder, CO : Lynne Rienner Publishers .
  • Ghoussoub , Mai . 1987 . Feminism—or the eternal masculine—in the Arab world . New Left Review , 161 ( Jan-Feb ) : 3 – 13 .
  • Goldstein , Joshua . 2001 . War and Gender , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Gongora , Theirry . 1997 . War making and state power in the contemporary Middle East . International Journal of Middle East Studies , 29 ( 3 ) : 323 – 340 .
  • Gupta , Charu . 2001 . Sexuality, Obscenity, Community: Women, Muslims, and the Hindu Public in Colonial India , New York : Palgrave .
  • Heydemann , Steven , ed. 2000 . War, Institutions and Social Change in the Middle East , Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
  • International Federation for Human Rights and the Human Rights Alliance France 2002. Iraq: An Intolerable, Forgotten and Unpunished Repression. FIDH, HRA Report. http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/iq315a.pdf
  • Iraqi Legal Development Project . 2005 . The Status of Women in Iraq: An Assessment of Women's De Jure and De Facto Compliance with International Legal Standards , Amman : privately printed .
  • Ismael , Jacqueline S. 1980 . Social policy and social change: The case of Iraq . Arab Studies Quarterly , 2 ( 3 ) : 235 – 248 .
  • Jabar , Faleh A. 2003 . “ Sheikhs and Ideologues, Deconstruction and Reconstruction of Tribes under Ba'th Patrimonial Totalitarianism ” . In Tribes and Power: Nationalism and Ethnicity in the Middle East , Edited by: Jabar , Faleh A. and Dawod , Hosham . London : Saqi Books .
  • Joseph , Suad . 1991 . “ Elite Strategies for State Building: Women, Family, Religion and the State in Iraq and Lebanon ” . In Women, Islam and the State , Edited by: Kandiyoti , Deniz . Philadelphia, PA : Temple University Press .
  • Kamil , Abdullah . 1994 . “ Saddam as Hero ” . In Iraq Since the Gulf War: Prospects for Democracy , Edited by: Hazelton , Fran . London and New Jersey : Zed Books .
  • Kandiyoti , Deniz . 1991a . Identity and its discontents: Women and the nation . Millenium , 20 ( 3 ) : 429 – 444 .
  • Kandiyoti , Deniz . 1991b . “ Introduction ” . In Women, Islam and the State , Edited by: Kandiyoti , Deniz . London : Macmillan Press .
  • Katz , Sheila Hannah . 1996 . “ Adam and Adama, ‘Ird and Ard: En-gendering Political Conflict and Identity in Early Jewish and Palestinian Nationalisms ” . In Gendering the Middle East: Emerging Perspectives , Edited by: Kandiyoti , Deniz . London : I. B. Tauris .
  • King , Diane E. 2008 . Namus as sovereignty: Bodies and statecraft in Iraqi Kurdistan . Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power , 15 ( 3 )
  • Lindisfarne , Nancy . 1994 . “ Variant Masculinities, Variant Virginities: Rethinking ‘Honor and Shame.’ ” . In Dislocating masculinity: Comparative ethnographies , Edited by: Cornwall , Andrea and Lindisfarne , Nancy . London : Routledge .
  • Mohsen , Fatima . 1994 . “ Cultural Totalitarianism ” . In Iraq Since the Gulf War: Prospects for Democracy , Edited by: Hazelton , Fran . London : Zed Books .
  • Mosse , George L. 1985 . Nationalism and Sexuality , New York : Howard Fertig .
  • Omar , Suha . 1994 . “ Honour, Shame and Dictatorship ” . In Iraq Since the Gulf War: Prospects for Democracy , Edited by: Hazelton , Fran . London : Zed Books .
  • Peristiany , Julian , ed. 1965 . Honor and Shame: The Values of Mediterranean Society , London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson .
  • Peteet , Julie . 2000 . “ Gender and Sexuality: Belonging to the National and Moral Order ” . In Hermeneutics and Honor: Negotiating Female “Public” Space in Islamic/ate Societies , Edited by: Afsaruddin , Asma . Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
  • Peterson , V. Spike . 1998 . “ Gendered Nationalism: Reproducing “Us” versus “Them” . In The Women and War Reader , Edited by: Lorentzen , Lois Ann and Turpin , Jennifer . New York : New York University Press .
  • Pitt-Rivers , Julian . 1965 . “ Honor and Social Status ” . In Honor and Shame: The Values of Mediterranean Society , Edited by: Peristiany , J. G . London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson .
  • Rahman , H . 1997 . The Making of the Gulf War: Origins of Kuwait's Long-Standing Territorial Dispute with Iraq , Berkshire, U.K. : Ithaca Press .
  • Rassam , Amal . 1982 . “ Revolution Within the Revolution? Women and the State in Iraq ” . In Iraq: The Contemporary State , Edited by: Niblock , Tim . London : Croom Helm .
  • Rassam , Amal . 1992 . “ Political Ideology and Women in Iraq: Legislation and Cultural Constraints ” . In Women and Development in the Middle East and North Africa , Edited by: Jabbra , G. Joseph and Jabbra , Nancy W. Leiden, Netherlands : E. J. Brill .
  • Rassam, Amal 2003. Iraq. In Women's Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Citizenship and Justice. Washington: Freedom House. Electronic document http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=173
  • Rohde, Achim 2002. When the Land is Feminine, War is Love and the Nation is a Family: Iraqi Gender Policies During the Iran-Iraq War. Unpublished paper presented at a workshop at the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Germany.
  • Sa'ar , Amalia . 2004 . Many ways of becoming a woman: The case of unmarried Israeli-Palestinian “Girls.” . Ethnology , 43 ( 1 ) : 1 – 18 .
  • Saghieh , Hazim . 2000 . “ Saddam, Manhood and the Image ” . In Imagine Masculinities: Male Identity and Culture in the Modern Middle East , Edited by: Ghoussoub , Mai and Sinclair-Webb , Emma . London : Saqi Books .
  • Schneider , Jane . 1971 . Of vigilance and virgins: Honor, shame and access to resources in Mediterranean societies . Ethnology , 10 ( 1 ) : 1 – 24 .
  • Sharabi , Hisham . 1992 . Neopatriachy. A theory of distorted change in Arab society , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Smiles, Sarah 2005. Over Their Dead Bodies: War, Women and Honor in Saddam's Iraq. MA Thesis, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
  • Stoler , Ann Laura . 1997 . “ Sexual Affronts and Racial Frontiers ” . In Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World , Edited by: Cooper , Frederick and Stoler , Ann Laura . Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
  • Tripp , Charles . 2007 . A History of Iraq , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • United Nations Global Appeal 2007. Iraq. UN report. Electronic document http://www.unhcr.org/home/PUBL/455443a80.pdf
  • vom Bruck , Gabriele . 1997 . Elusive bodies: The politics of aesthetics among Yemeni elite women . Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society , 43 ( 1 ) : 175 – 214 .
  • Wikan , Unni . 1984 . Shame and honour: A contestable pair . Man , 19 ( 4 ) : 635 – 652 .
  • Yuval-Davis , Nira . 1997 . Gender and Nation , London : Sage Publications Ltd .
  • Yuval-Davis , Nira and Anthias , Floya . 1989 . Woman–Nation–State , London : Macmillan Press .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.