Attachment Dysfunction and Relationship Preoccupation

REFERENCES

• Adams, K.M., & Robinson, D.W. (2001). Shame reduction, affect regulation, and sexual boundary development: Essential building blocks of sexual addiction treatment. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 8, 23–44. doi: 10.1080/10720160127559.
   Google Scholar
• Alexander, P.C. (2003). Understanding the effects of child sexual abuse history on current couple relationships: an attachment perspective. In S.M. Johnson & V.E. Whiffen (Eds.), Attachment processes in couple and family therapy (pp. 342–365). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Allen, E.S., & Baucom, D.H. (2004). Adult attachment and patterns of extradyadic involvement. Family Process, 43, 467–488. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2004.00035.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartholomew, K. (1990). Avoidance of intimacy: An attachment perspective. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 7, 147–178. doi: 10.1177/0265407590072001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaulieu-Pelletier, G., Philippe, F.L., Lecours, S., & Couture, S. (2011). The role of attachment avoidance in extradyadic sex. Attachment & Human Development, 13, 293–313. doi: 10.1080/14616734.2011.562419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birnbaum, G.E., & Reis, H.T. (2006). Women's sexual working models: an evolutionary-attachment perspective. Journal of Sex Research, 43, 328–342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birnbaum, G.E., Reis, H.T., Mikulincer, M., Gillath, O., & Orpaz, A. (2006). When sex is more than just sex: Attachment orientations, sexual experience, and relationship quality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 929–943. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.91.5.929.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bogaert, A.F., & Sadava, S. (2002). Adult attachment and sexual behavior. Personal Relationships, 9, 191–204. doi: 10.1111/1475-6811.00012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan, K.A., Clark, C.L., & Shaver, P.R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview, In J.A. Simpson & W.S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46–76). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brennan, K.A., & Shaver, P.R. (1995). Dimensions of adult attachment, affect regulation, and romantic relationship functioning. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 267–283. doi: 10.1177/0146167295213008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan, K.A., Shaver, P.R., & Tobey, A.E. (1991). Attachment styles, gender and parental problem drinking. Journal of Social & Personal Relationships, 8, 451–466. doi: 10.1177/026540759184001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1993). Childhood sexual abuse: Long-term sequelae and implications for psychological assessment. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8, 312–330. doi: 10.1177/088626093008003002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buss, D.M., & Shackelford, T.K. (1997). Susceptibility to infidelity in the first year of marriage. Journal of Research in Personality, 31, 193–221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, M.H., & Seedall, R.B. (2006). The attachment relationship in recovery from addiction. Part 1: Relationship mediation. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 13, 289–315. doi: 10.1080/10720160600897581.
   Google Scholar
• Carnelley, K.B., Pietromonaco, P.R., & Jaffe, K. (1996). Attachment, caregiving, and relationship functioning in couples: Effects of self and partner. Personal Relationships, 3, 257–277. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.1996.tb00116.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carnes, P.J. (1991). Don't call it love: Recovery from sexual addiction. New York, NY: Bantam Dell.
   Google Scholar
• Carnes, P.J. (1997). The betrayal bond: Breaking free of exploitive relationships. Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications.
   Google Scholar
• Carnes, P.J. (1998). The case for sexual anorexia: An interim report on 144 patients with sexual disorders. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 5, 293.
   Google Scholar
• Carnes, P.J. (2001). Out of the shadows. (3rd ed.). Center City, MN: Hazelden.
   Google Scholar
• Carnes, P.J., & Delmonico, D.L. (1996). Childhood abuse and multiple addictions: Research findings in a sample of self-identified sexual addicts. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 3, 258–268.
   Google Scholar
• Carnes, P., Nonemaker, & D., Skilling, N. (1991). Gender differences in normal and sexually addicted populations. American Journal of Preventive Psychiatry & Neurology, 3, 16–23.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155–159. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman, E. (1992). Is your patient suffering from compulsive sexual behavior? Psychiatric Annals, 22, 320–325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, N.L., & Read, S.J. (1990). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 644–663. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.58.4.644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cyranowski, J.M., & Andersen, B.L. (1998). Schemas, sexuality, and romantic attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1364–1379. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, D., Shaver, P.R., & Vernon, M.L. (2004). Attachment style and subjective motivations for sex. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1076–1090. doi: 10.1177/0146167204264794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Del Giudice, M. (2009). Sex, attachment, and the development of reproductive strategies. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 32, 1–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewall, C., Lambert, N., Slotter, E., Pond, R., Deckman, T., Finkel, E., & … Fincham, F. (2011). So far away from one's partner, yet so close to romantic alternatives: Avoidant attachment, interest in alternatives, and infidelity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 1302–1316. doi: 10.1037/a0025497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Draper, P., & Harpending, H. (1982). Father absence and reproductive strategy: An evolutionary perspective. Journal of Anthropological Research, 38, 255–273. Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3629848.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feeney, J.A., & Noller, P. (1990). Attachment style as a predictor of adult romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 281–291. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.58.2.281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feeney, J.A., Noller, P., & Patty, J. (1993). Adolescents’ interactions with the opposite sex: Influence of attachment style and gender. Journal of Adolescence, 16, 169–186. doi: 10.1006/jado.1993.1015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman, S., & Cauffman, E. (1999). Your cheatin’ heart: Attitudes, behaviors, and correlates of sexual betrayal in late adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 9, 227–252. doi: 10.1207/s15327795jra0903_1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraley, R.C. (2010). Information on the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) adult attachment questionnaire. Retrieved from http://internal.psychology.illinois.edu/∼rcfraley/measures/ecrr.htm
   Google Scholar
• Fraley, R.C., Waller, N.G., & Brennan, K.A. (2000). An item-response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 350–365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gangestad, S.W., & Thornhill, R. (1997). The evolutionary psychology of extrapair sex: The role of fluctuating asymmetry. Evolution and Human Behavior, 18, 69–88. doi: 10.1016/S1090-5138(97)00003-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gentzler, A.L., & Kerns, K.A. (2004). Associations between insecure attachment and sexual experiences. Personal Relationships, 11, 249–265. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2004.00081.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber, J. (2008). Treatment of sexually compulsive adolescents. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 31, 657–669. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2008.06.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, B.A., Arnau, R.C., Carnes, P. J., Carnes, S., & Hopkins, T.A. (2015). Structural congruence of the Sexual Dependency Inventory – 4th Edition. Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity, 22, 126–153.
   Google Scholar
• Griffin, D.W., & Bartholomew, K. (1994). Models of the self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 430–445. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.67.3.430.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffin-Shelley, E. (1995). Adolescent sex and relationship addicts. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 2, 112–127.
   Google Scholar
• Griffiths, M.D. (2012). Internet sex addiction: A review of empirical research. Addiction Research & Theory, 20, 111–124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 511–524. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1990). Love and work: An attachment-theoretical perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 270–280. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.59.2.270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, E.M., Young, J.P., & Nord, J.L. (1994). Childhood adversity, attachment, security, and adult relationships: A preliminary study. Ethology & Sociobiology, 15, 323–338. doi: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)90006-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillis, S.D., Anda, R.F., Felitti, V.J., & Marchbanks, P.A. (2001). Adverse childhood experiences and sexual risk behaviors in women: A retrospective cohort study. Family Planning Perspectives, 33, 206.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobson, J.M. (2004). Empirical relationships between adult romantic attachment and psychopathology in a clinical and student sample. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering, 64, 3527.
   Google Scholar
• Jackson, J., & Kirkpatrick, L.A. (2007). The structure and measurement of human mating strategies: Toward a multidimensional model of sociosexuality. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28, 382–391. doi: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.04.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jonason, P.K. (2007). A mediation hypothesis to account for the sex difference in reported number of sexual partners: An intrasexual competition approach. International Journal of Sexual Health, 19, 41–49. doi: 10.1300/J514v19n04_05.
   Google Scholar
• Kapeleris, A.R., & Paivio, S.C. (2011). Identity and emotional competence as mediators of the relation between childhood psychological maltreatment and adult love relationships. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 20, 617–635. dio:10.1080/10926771.2011.595764.
   Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick, L.A. (1998). Evolution, pair-bonding, and reproductive strategies: A reconceptualization of adult attachment. In J.A. Simpson & W. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 353–393). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick, L., & Davis, K. (1994). Attachment style, gender, and relationship stability: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 502–512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leedes, R. (1999). Theory and praxis: A heuristic for describing, evaluating, and intervening on sexual desire disorders when sexual expression interferes with humanistic expression. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 6, 289–310. doi: 10.1080/10720169908400199.
   Google Scholar
• Leedes, R. (2001). The three most important criteria in diagnosing sexual addictions: Obsession, obsession, and obsession. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 8, 215–226. doi:.
   Google Scholar
• Levy, M.B., & Davis, K.E. (1988). Lovestyles and attachment styles compared: Their relations to each other and to various relationship characteristics. Journal of Social & Personal Relationships, 5, 439–471. doi: 10.1177/0265407588054004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy, G., & Taylor, A. (1999). Avoidant/ambivalent attachment style as a mediator between abusive childhood experiences and adult relationship difficulties. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 465–477. doi: 0021-9630/99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P.R., Bar-On, N., & Ein-Dor, T. (2010). The pushes and pulls of close relationships: Attachment insecurities and relational ambivalence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 450–468. doi: 10.1037/a0017366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, L.C., & Fishkin, S.A. (1997). On the dynamics of human bonding and reproductive success. In J.A. Simpson & D.T. Kenrick (Eds.), Evolutionary social psychology (pp. 197–236). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Opitz, D.M., Tsytsarev, S.V., & Froh, J. (2009). Women's sexual addiction and family dynamics, depression and substance abuse. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 16, 324–340. doi: 10.1080/10720160903375749.
   Google Scholar
• Perlman, L.A., & Cortois, C.A. (2005). Clinical application of the attachment framework: Relational treatment of complex trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18, 449–459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schachner, D.A. & Shaver, D.M. (2002). Attachment style and human mate poaching. New Review of Social Psychology, 1, 122–129.
   Google Scholar
• Schachner, D.A., & Shaver, P.R. (2004). Attachment dimensions and sexual motives. Personal Relationships, 11, 179–195. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2004.00077.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt, D.P. (2005). Is short-term mating the maladaptive result of insecure attachment? A test of competing evolutionary perspectives. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 747–768. doi: 10.1177/0146167204271843.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz, M.F. (1992). Sexual compulsivity as post-traumatic stress disorder: Treatment perspectives. Psychiatric Annals, 22, 333–338.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz, M.F. (1996). Reenactment related to bonding and hypersexuality. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 3, 195–212. doi:.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz, M.F., & Brasted, W.S. (1985). Sexual addiction: Self-hatred, guilt, and passive rage contribute to this deviant behavior. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 19, 103–107.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz, M.F., & Masters, W.H. (1994). Integration of trauma-based, cognitive, behavioral, systematic and addiction approaches for treatment of hypersexual pair-bonding disorder. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 1, 57–76. doi:.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz, M.F., & Southern, S. (1999). Manifestations of damaged development of the human affectional systems and developmentally based psychotherapies. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 6, 163–175. doi: 10.1080/10720169908400190.
   Google Scholar
• Shaver, P.R., & Brennan, K.A. (1992). Attachment styles and the “Big Five” personality traits: Their connections with each other and with romantic relationship outcomes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 536–545. doi: 10.1177/0146167292185003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibley, C.G., & Liu, J.H. (2004). Short-term temporal stability and factor structure of the revised experiences in close relationships (ECR-R) measure of adult attachment. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 969–975.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson, J. (1990). The influence of attachment styles on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 971–980.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephan, C., & Bachman, G.F. (1999). What's sex got to do with it? Attachment, love schemas, and sexuality. Personal Relationships, 6, 111–123. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.1999.tb00214.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Kolk, B. (1989). The compulsion to repeat the trauma. Re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 12, 389–411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walters, G.D. (1996). Sexual preoccupation as a lifestyle. Sexual & Marital Therapy, 11, 373–382. doi: 10.1080/02674659608404451.
   Google Scholar
• Zapf, J.L., Greiner, J., & Carroll, J. (2008). Attachment styles and male sex addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 15, 158–175. doi: 10.1080/10720160802035832.
   Google Scholar
• Zeifman, D., & Hazan, C. (1997). Attachment: The bond in pair-bonds. In J.A. Simpson, D.T. Kenrick (Eds.), Evolutionary social psychology (pp. 237–263). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
   Google Scholar