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- The author is grateful to a number of friends and colleagues who read earlier versions of this paper and volunteered their insights and comments on it: David Albright who, as always, enriched my understanding and knowledge of the South African nuclear program, George Bunn who provided me legal and historical insight on the NPT, Robert E. Kelly whose insight and experience on the Iraqi and South African cases was of great value, and John R. Redick who shared with me his knowledge about the nuclear situation in Latin America. Special thanks, of course, to my colleague and collaborator at MIT, Marvin Miller, with whom I have developed and discussed many of these issues during the last four years. I am also grateful for the patient and thorough editorial assistance of Ms. Lois Malone. This study, and the project under which it was undertaken, was supported by the W. Alton Jones Foundation, the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, and the Rockefeller Foundation.