129
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Instrument Control

Design and evaluation of a volatile particle remover combining hot dilution and a thermodenuder

, , , , &

References

  • Liu, X.; Bai, X.; Tian, H.; Wang, K.; Hua, S.; Liu, H.; Liu, S.; Wu, B.; Wu, Y.; Liu, W.; et al. Fine Particulate Matter Pollution in North China: Seasonal-Spatial Variations, Source Apportionment, Sector and Regional Transport Contributions. Environ. Res. 2020, 184, 109368. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109368.
  • Sandbach, E. Volatile Particle Remover Calibration Procedure. 18th PMP Work Gr Meet Geneva. 2007; GRPE-PMP-1(5):21.
  • Martini, G.; Mamakos, A.; Krasenbrink, A; Particle Measurement Programme: Volatile Particle Remover Calibration Round Robin: Final Report. Publications Office. 2012. DOI: 10.2788/49411.
  • Giechaskiel, B.; Lähde, T.; Melas, A. D.; Valverde, V.; Clairotte, M. Uncertainty of Laboratory and Portable Solid Particle Number Systems for Regulatory Measurements of Vehicle Emissions. Environ. Res. 2021, 197, 111068. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111068.
  • Melas, A. D.; Koidi, V.; Deloglou, D.; Daskalos, E.; Zarvalis, D.; Papaioannou, E.; Konstandopoulos, A. G. Development and Evaluation of a Catalytic Stripper for the Measurement of Solid Ultrafine Particle Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines. Aerosol. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 704–717. DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2020.1718061.
  • Faulhaber, A. E.; Thomas, B. M.; Jimenez, J. L.; Jayne, J. T.; Worsnop, D. R.; Ziemann, P. J. Characterization of a Thermodenuder-Particle Beam Mass Spectrometer System for the Study of Organic Aerosol Volatility and Composition. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2009, 2, 15–31. DOI: 10.5194/amt-2-15-2009.
  • Burtscher, H.; Baltensperger, U.; Bukowiecki, N.; Cohn, P.; Hüglin, C.; Mohr, M.; Matter, U.; Nyeki, S.; Schmatloch, V.; Streit, N.; Weingartner, E. Separation of Volatile and Non-Volatile Aerosol Fractions by Thermodesorption: Instrumental Development and Applications. J. Aerosol. Sci. 2001, 32, 427–442. DOI: 10.1016/S0021-8502(00)00089-6.
  • Wehner, B.; Philippin, S.; Wiedensohler, A. Design and Calibration of a Thermodenuder with an Improved Heating Unit to Measure the Size-Dependent Volatile Fraction of Aerosol Particles. J. Aerosol. Sci. 2002, 33, 1087–1093. DOI: 10.1016/S0021-8502(02)00056-3.
  • Fierz, M.; Vernooij, M. G. C.; Burtscher, H. An Improved Low-Flow Thermodenuder. J. Aerosol. Sci. 2007, 38, 1163–1168. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2007.08.006.
  • Park, D.; Kim, S.; Choi, N. K.; Hwang, J. Development and Performance Test of a Thermo-Denuder for Separation of Volatile Matter from Submicron Aerosol Particles. J. Aerosol. Sci. 2008, 39, 1099–1108. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.07.002.
  • Huffman, J. A.; Ziemann, P. J.; Jayne, J. T.; Worsnop, D. R.; Jimenez, J. L. Development and Characterization of a Fast-Stepping/Scanning Thermodenuder for Chemically-Resolved Aerosol Volatility Measurements. Aerosol. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42, 395–407. DOI: 10.1080/0278682080210981.
  • Stevanovic, S.; Miljevic, B.; Madl, P.; Clifford, S.; Ristovski, Z. Characterisation of a Commercially Available Thermodenuder and Diffusion Drier for Ultrafine Particles Losses. Aerosol. Air Qual. Res. 2015, 15, 357–363. DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.2013.12.0355.
  • Louvaris, E. E.; Karnezi, E.; Kostenidou, E.; Kaltsonoudis, C.; Pandis, S. N. Estimation of the Volatility Distribution of Organic Aerosol Combining Thermodenuder and Isothermal Dilution Measurements. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2017, 10, 3909–3918. DOI: 10.5194/amt-10-3909-2017.
  • Babar, Z.; Bin, F.; Ashraf, J. H.; Park, H.; Lim, J. Volatility Parameters of Secondary Organic Aerosol Components Determined Using a Thermal Denuder. Atmos. Environ. 2020, 226, 117405. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117405.
  • Giechaskiel, B.; Maricq, M.; Ntziachristos, L.; Dardiotis, C.; Wang, X.; Axmann, H.; Bergmann, A.; Schindler, W. Review of Motor Vehicle Particulate Emissions Sampling and Measurement: From Smoke and Filter Mass to Particle Number. J. Aerosol. Sci. 2014, 67, 48–86. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2013.09.003.
  • Centre.; I. For, J. R.; Transport, E.; Giechaskiel, B.; Martini, G. Review on Engine Exhaust Sub-23 nm Solid Particles. Publications Office. 2014. DOI: 10.2790/22597.
  • Giechaskiel, B.; Melas, A. D.; Lähde, T.; Martini, G. Non-Volatile Particle Number Emission Measurements with Catalytic Strippers: A Review. Vehicles 2020, 2, 342–364. DOI: 10.3390/vehicles2020019.
  • Woo, M.; Giannopoulos, G.; Rahman, M. M.; Swanson, J.; Stettler, M. E. J.; Boies, A. M. Multiscale Numerical Modeling of Solid Particle Penetration and Hydrocarbons Removal in a Catalytic Stripper. Aerosol. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55, 987–1000. DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2021.1909700.
  • Swanson, J.; Kittelson, D.; Giechaskiel, B.; Bergmann, A.; Twigg, M. A Miniature Catalytic Stripper for Particles Less than 23nanometers. SAE Tech. Pap. 2013, 2, 542–551. DOI: 10.4271/201301-1570.
  • Swanson, J.; Kittelson, D. Evaluation of Thermal Denuder and Catalytic Stripper Methods for Solid Particle Measurements. J. Aerosol. Sci. 2010, 41, 1113–1122. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2010.09.003.
  • An, W. J.; Pathak, R. K.; Lee, B. H.; Pandis, S. N. Aerosol Volatility Measurement Using an Improved Thermodenuder: Application to Secondary Organic Aerosol. J. Aerosol. Sci. 2007, 38, 305–314. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2006.12.002.
  • Mendes, L.; Eleftheriadis, K.; Biskos, G. Performance Comparison of Two Thermodenuders in Volatility Tandem DMA Measurements. J. Aerosol. Sci. 2016, 92, 38–52. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2015.10.002.
  • Giechaskiel, B.; Carriero, M.; Martini, G.; Krasenbrink, A.; Scheder, D. Calibration and Validation of Various Commercial Particle Number Measurement Systems. SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2009, 2, 512–530. DOI: 10.4271/2009-01-1115.
  • Giechaskiel, B.; Melas, A.; Martini, G.; Dilara, P. Overview of Vehicle Exhaust Particle Number Regulations. Processes 2021, 9, 25. DOI: 10.3390/pr9122216.
  • Wei, Q.; Akard, M.; Asano, I.; Rahman, M. Penetration Calibration and Verification for the Solid Particle Counting System with Polydisperse and Monodisperse Particles. SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2008, 1, 593–602. DOI: 10.4271/2008-01-1178.
  • Khalek, I. A.; Bougher, T. Development of a Solid Exhaust Particle Number Measurement System Using a Catalytic Stripper Technology. SAE Int. J. Engin. 2011, 4, 610–618. DOI: 10.4271/2011-01-0635.
  • Giechaskiel, B.; Drossinos, Y. Theoretical Investigation of Volatile Removal Efficiency of Particle Number Measurement Systems. SAE Int. J. Engin. 2010, 3, 1140–1151. DOI: 10.4271/2010-01-1304.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.