References
- Ditunno JF Jr, Verville RE. Dr. Robert L. Bennett: Pioneer and definer of modern physiatry. PM R 2013;5:83–9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.01.008
- Ditunno JF Jr, Verville RE. Dr. R. Tait McKenzie: Pioneer and legacy to physiatry. PM R 2014;6:866–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2014.09.006
- Zulch KJ. Otfrid Foerster, Physician and Naturalist. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1969, p.96.
- Weiner MF,Silver JR. The origins of the treatment of traumatic spinal injuries. Eur Neurol 2014;72:363–9. Available at: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/365287 Accessed March 26, 2017. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000365287
- Guttmann L. Rehabilitation after injuries to the spinal cord and cauda equina. Br J Phys Med 1946;9:130–7.
- Bodner DR. A pioneer in optimism: the legacy of Donald Munro, MD. J Spinal Cord Med 2009;32(4):355–6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2009.11754510
- Bodner DR. The Bors Award: Legacy of Ernest H. J. “Pappy” Bors, MD. J Spinal Cord Med 2009;32(1):1–2. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2009.11760746
- Bodner DR. The Comarr Memorial Award for Distinguished Clinical Service: The legacy of A. Estin Comarr, MD. J Spinal Cord Med 2009;32(3):213–4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2009.11760775
- Silver JR. History of the Treatment of Spinal Injuries. New York, Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers, 2003.
- Frazier CH. Surgical problems in the reconstruction of peripheral nerve injuries. Ann Surg 1920;71:1–10. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1410460/ Accessed March 26, 2017.
- Hanigan W. The development of military medical care for peripheral nerve injuries during World War I. Neurosurg Focus 2010;28:E24. doi: https://doi.org/10.3171/2010.3.FOCUS103
- McKenzie RT. Reclaiming the Maimed: A Handbook of Physical Therapy. New York: Macmillan, 1918. Available at: https://archive.org/details/recaimingmaimed00mcke Accessed March 29, 2017.
- The physical reeducation of disabled soldiers. Can Med Assoc J. 1917;7:1099–101.
- Wrynn AM. “Under the showers”: An analysis of the historical connections between American athletic training and physical education. J Sport Hist 2007;34:37–52.
- Mason F. Sculpting soldiers and reclaiming the maimed: R. Tait McKenzie’s work in the First World War period. Can Bull Med Hist 2010;27:363–83. doi: https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.27.2.363
- McKenzie RT. Reminiscences of James Naismith. J Health Phys Educ 1933;4:21–55.
- Naismith JG, Gullick L. Basketball: A book written by Dr. James Naismith and Dr. Luther Gullick, 1894. Springfield, Mass.: American Sports Publishing Company, 1894, p.35. Available at: http://cdm16122.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15370coll2/id/344 Accessed March 26, 2017.
- Dudley Allen Sargent: An Autobiography. Lea & Febiger, 1927, p.221.
- McKenzie RT. The therapeutic uses of exercise. Montreal Med J 1894;22:561–72.
- McKenzie RT. Exercise in Education and Medicine. Philadelphia. London: WB Saunders Co, 1909, p.556. Available at: https://archive.org/details/exerciseineducat01mcke Accessed March 26, 2017
- Stone MJ. William Osler’s legacy and his contribution to haematology. Br J Haematol 2003;123:3–18. Available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04615.x/full Accessed March 26, 2017. doi: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04615.x
- Packard CSW. (Letter) C. S. W. Packard to R. Tait McKenzie. Philadelphia, PA, 1904.
- Ditunno JF Jr, Sandel ME. John Stanley Coulter, MD, and the emergence of physical medicine and rehabilitation in the early 20th century. PM R. 2016;9:193–9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2016.10.003
- Coulter JS. History and development of physical medicine. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1947;28:600–2.
- Krusen FH. History and development of physical medicine. Clinics 1946;4:1343–55.
- Deaver GG. Physical rehabilitation of disabled persons. N Engl J Med. 1947 Feb 27;236(9):311–4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM194702272360902
- McKenzie RT. R. Tait McKenzie papers. Collection UPT 50 McK37. Available at: http://www.archives.upenn.edu/faids/upt/upt50/mckenzie_rt.html Accessed March 26, 2017.
- Riddoch G. Aids to the Investigation of Peripheral Nervous System. War Memorandum Number 7. Medical Research Council: Nerve Injuries Research Committee. Great Britain: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1942. Available at: https://www.mrc.ac.uk/documents/pdf/aids-to-the-examination-of-the-peripheral-nervous-system-mrc-memorandum-no-45-superseding-war-memorandum-no-7/ Accessed March 26, 2017.
- McKenzie RT. The treatment of nerve, muscle, and joint injuries in soldiers by physical means. Can Med Assoc J 1917;7:1057–68. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1584984/ Accessed March 26, 2017.
- Reaume G, Lyndhurst: Canada’s First Rehabilitation Centre for People with Spinal Cord Injuries. 1945–1998 Montreal, Canada: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2007.
- Rehabilitation after injuries to the central nervous system: (Section of Neurology). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 1942;35:295–308. Accessed 3/26/2017 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1998156/
- Guttmann L. Spinal Cord Injuries: Comprehensive Management and Research. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd 1973, p.712.
- Ohry A, El Masri W. Spinal cord injury management: historical perspective. In: Chhabra H, S., (ed.). ISCoS Textbook on Comprehensive Management of Spinal Cord Injuries. 1st ed. Philadelphia PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015, p. 3–20.
- Jousse AJ. The evolution of the treatment programme for paraplegics in Canada. J Assoc Phys Ment Rehabil 1962; 16:Sep-Oct;16:131–6.
- Tremblay M. The Canadian revolution in the management of spinal cord injury. Can Bull Med Hist 1995; 12:125–55. Available at: http://www.cbmh.ca/index.php/cbmh/article/viewFile/353/352 Accessed March 26, 2017. doi: https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.12.1.125
- Botterell EH, Jousse AT, Aberhart C, Cluff JW. Paraplegia following war. Can Med Assoc J 1946;55:249–59.
- George G. Deaver (photo). US National Library of Medicine. New York City: New York University College of Medicine, 1950. Available at https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-101413425-img Accessed March 28. 2017.
- Flanagan SR, Diller L. Dr. George Deaver: the grandfather of rehabilitation medicine. PM R 2013;5:355–9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.03.031
- Dr. George Gilbert Deaver, US Passport Application 1915–1920 Vol. 001: Egypt.
- Deaver GG. Physical training of the wounded in Egypt. Physical Training 1919; XVI: 5.
- McKenzie RT. The place of the physical director in the rehabilitation of the wounded. Physical Training 1919; XVI: 4.
- Deaver GG, Brown, ME. No. 1. Physical demands of daily life: An objective scale for rating the orthopedically exceptional. New York: Institute for the Crippled and Disabled, 1945.
- Deaver GG, Brown ME. The challenge of crutches; prescribing crutch gaits for orthopedic disabilities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1945;26:747–58.
- Vogel EE. Physical therapists before World War II (1917–40). In: Anderson E, (ed.). Army Medical Specialist. Corps. Washington, DC: US Army Medical Department Office of Medical History, 1968. Available at http://history.amedd.army.mil/corps/medical_spec/chapterIII.html Accessed March 26, 2017
- Linker B. War’s Waste: Rehabilitation in World War I America. London, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2011, p. 291.
- Botterell EH, Jousse AT, Kraus AS, Thompson MG, WynneJones M, Geisler WO. A model for the future care of acute spinal cord injuries. Can J Neurol Sci 1975;2:361–80. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0317167100020497