Effects of Ergorest^® Arm Supports on Muscle Strain and Wrist Positions During the Use of the Mouse and Keyboard in Work With Visual Display Units: A Work Site Intervention

References

• Aarås, A. (1994). Relationship between trapezius load and the incidence of musculoskeletal illness in the neck and shoulder. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 14, 341–348.
   Google Scholar
• Aarås, A., Horgen, G., Bjorset, H-H., Ro, O., & Thoresen, M. (1998). Musculoskeletal, visual and psychosocial stress in VDU operators before and after multidisciplinary ergonomic interventions. Applied Ergonomics, 29(5), 335–354.
   Google Scholar
• Armstrong, T.J., Buckle, P., Lawrence, J.F., Hagberg, M., Jonsson, B., Kilbom, Å., Kuorinka, I.A.A., Silverstein, B.A., Sjogaard, G., & Viikari-Juntura, E.R.A. (1993). A conceptual model for work-related neck and upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 19,73–84.
   Google Scholar
• Bergqvist, U., Wolgast, E., Nilsson, B., & Voss, M. (1995). Musculoskeletal disorders among visual display terminal workers: Individual, ergonomic and work organizational factors. Ergonomics, 38, 763–776.
   Google Scholar
• Carter, J.B., & Banister, E.W. (1994). Musculoskeletal problems in VDT work: A review. Ergonomics, 37(10), 1623–1648.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, A., & Straker, L. (1998). Mouse versus keyboard use, a comparison of shoulder muscle load. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 22, 351 -357.
   Google Scholar
• Erdelyi, A., Sihvonen, T., Helin, P., & Hänninen, O. (1988). Shoulder strain in keyboard workers and its alleviation by arm supports. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 60, 119–124.
   Google Scholar
• Fridlund, A.J., & Cacioppo, J.T. (1986). Guidelines for human electromyographic research. Psychophysiology, 23(5), 567–589.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, D.T., Fernandez, E., & Agarwal, R.K. (1997). Implementation of arm supports as an aid to computer work in the office. In B. Das & W. Karwowski (Eds.), Advances in occupational ergonomics and safety II (pp. 429–432). Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Berlin, Germany: IOS Press and Ohmsha.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, D.T., Wong, S.L., Fernandez, J.E. & Ramesh, K.A. (1998). The effect of arm supports on muscle activity in shoulder and neck muscles. In S. Kumar (Ed.), Advances in occupational ergonomics and safety (pp. 483–486). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: IOS Press.
   Google Scholar
• Karlqvist, L.K., Hagberg, M., Köster, M., Wenemark, M., & Ånell, R. (1996). Musculo-skeletal symptoms among computer-assisted design (CAD) operators and evaluation of a self-assesment questionnnaire. International Journal of Occupational Environment and Health, 2, 185–194.
   Google Scholar
• Milerad, E., & Ericson, M.O. (1994). Effects of precision and force demands, grip diameter, and arm support during manual work: An electromyographic study. Ergonomics, 37(2), 255–264.
   Google Scholar
• Onishi, N., Sakai, K., & Kogi, K. (1982). Arm and shoulder muscle load in various keyboard operating jobs of women. Journal of Human Ergology, 11, 89–97.
   Google Scholar
• Piirainen, H., Elo, A-L., Kankaanpää, E., Laitinen, H., Lindström, K., Luopajärvi, T., Mäkelä, P., Pohjanpää, K., & Riala, R. (1997). Työ ja terveys—haastattelututkimus [Work and health—Interview study]. Helsinki, Finland: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health.
   Google Scholar
• Poonawala, M.F., & Fernandez, J.E. (1998). Effect of using arm supports as an aid to light assembly work. In S. Kumar (Ed.), Advances in occupational ergonomics and safety (pp. 479–482). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: IOS Press.
   Google Scholar
• Price, D., McGrath, P.A., Rafii, A., & Buckinham, B. (1983). The validation of visual analogue scale as ratio scale measure for chronic and experimental pain. Pain, 17, 45–56.
   Google Scholar
• Remes, A., Rauhala, E., & Hänninen, O. (1984). Fully rectified, integrated, band (Frib-) EMG analysis in quantifying muscle activity. Development of a new field equipment. Acta Physiologica Scandinavia Supplement, 537, 65–70.
   Google Scholar
• Schuldt, K., Ekholm, J., Harms-Ringdahl, K., Németh, G., & Arborelius, U. (1987). Effects of arm support or suspension on neck and shoulder muscle activity during sedentary work. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 19(2), 77–84.
   Google Scholar
• Sihvonen, T., Baskin, K., & Hänninen, O. (1989). Neck-shoulder loading in wordprocessor use. Effect of learning, gymnastics and arm supports. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 61, 229–233.
   Google Scholar
• Smutz, P., Serina, E., & Rempel, D. (1994). A system for evaluating the effect of keyboard design on force, posture, comfort, and productivity. Ergonomics, 37(10), 1649–1660.
   Google Scholar
• Veiersted, K.B. (1991). The reproducibility of test contractions for calibration of electeomyo-graphic measurements. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 62, 91–98.
   Google Scholar
• Westgaard, R H. (1988). Measurement and evaluation of postural load in occupational work situations. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 57, 291–304.
   Google Scholar
• Zipp, P. (1982). Recommendations for the standardization of lead positions in surface electromyography. European Journal of Applied Physiologyand Occupational Physiology, 50, 41–54.
   Google Scholar