19
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
USEPA Extend Abstracts

Considerations for Improving High to Low Dose Extrapolation for Regulatory Risk Assessment

Pages 57-69 | Published online: 24 Jan 2007

REFERENCES

  • Anderson , E L and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Carcinogen Assessment Group . 1983 . Quantitative approaches in use to assess cancer risk . Risk Anal , 3 : 277 – 95 .
  • Baird , S JS . A perspective on the state of the science of probabilistic analyses of health effects . Presentation to the US EPA Risk Assessment Forum's Colloquium on Probabilistic Risk Assessment . April 12 , Washington, DC.
  • Baird , S JS , Cohen , J T Graham , J D . 1996 . Noncancer risk assessment: A probabilistic alternative to current practice . Human Ecol Risk Asst , 2 : 79 – 102 .
  • Bois , F Y . 2000 . Statistical Analysis of Clewell et al. PBPK Model of Trichloroethylene Toxicokinetics . Environ Health Perspect , 108 : 307 – 16 . (suppl 2)
  • Bois , F Y , Zeise , L and Tozer , T N . 1990 . Precision and sensitivity analysis of pharmacokinetic models for cancer risk assessment: Tetrachloroethylene in mice, rats and humans . Toxicol Appl Pharm , 102 : 300 – 15 .
  • Bois , F Y , Krowech , G and Zeise , L . 1995 . Modeling human interindividual variability in metabolism and risk: The example of 4-aminobiphenyl . Risk Anal , 15 ( 2 ) : 205 – 13 .
  • Bois , F Y , Gelman , A Jiang , J . 1996 . Population toxicokinetics of tetrachloroethylene . Arch Toxicol , 70 : 347 – 55 .
  • Conolly , R B and Lutz , W K . 2004 . Nonmonotonic dose-response relationships: Mechanistic basis, kinetic modeling, and implications for risk assessment . ToxicolSci , 77 : 151 – 7 .
  • Crump , K S , Hoel , D G Langley , C H . 1976 . Fundamental carcinogenic processes and their implications for low-dose risk assessment . Cancer Res , 36 : 2973 – 9 .
  • Evans , J S , Rhomberg , L R Williams , P L . 2001 . Reproductive and developmental risks from ethylene oxide: A probabilistic characterization of possible regulatory thresholds . Risk Anal , 21 : 697 – 717 .
  • Finkel , A M . 1995 . “ A qualitative estimate of the variations in human susceptibility to cancer and its implications for risk management ” . In Low-Dose Extrapolation of Cancer Risks , Edited by: Olin , S , Farland , W Park , C . Washington, DC : International Life Sciences Institute .
  • Finkel , A M . 2002 . The joy before cooking: Preparing ourselves to write a risk research recipe . Human Ecol Risk Assess , 8 : 1205 – 21 .
  • Gelman , A , Bois , F and Jiang , J . 1996 . Physiological pharmacokinetic analysis using population modeling and informative prior distributions . J Am Stat Assoc , 91 : 1400 – 12 .
  • Hattis , D and Barlow , K . 1996 . Human interindividual variability in cancer risks—Technical and management challenges . Human Ecol Risk Assess , 2 : 194 – 220 .
  • Hattis , D , Banati , P and Goble , R . 1999 . Distributions of individual susceptibility among humans for toxic effects . How much protection does the traditional tenfold factor provide for what fraction of which kinds of chemicals and effects? Ann NY Acad Sci , 895 : 286 – 316 .
  • Hattis , D , Baird , S JS and Goble , R . 2002 . A straw man proposal for a quantitative definition of the RfD . Drug Chem Toxicol , 25 : 403 – 36 .
  • NRC (National Research Council) . 2004 . Air Quality Management in the United States , Washington, DC, , USA : Committee on Air Quality Management in the United States, National Academy Press .
  • NRC . 1996 . Understanding Risk: Informing Decisions in a Democratic Society , Washington, DC, , USA : Committee on Risk Characterization, National Academy Press .
  • OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment) . August 2002 . No Significant Risk Level (NSRL) for the Proposition 65 Carcinogen Dimethyoxybenzidine. OEHHA Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section , August , Oakland, CA, , USA : California Environmental Protection Agency .
  • Peto , R , Gray , R Brantom , P . 1991 . Dose and time relationships for tumor induction in the liver and esophagus of 4080 inbred rats by chronic ingestion of N-nitrosodiethylamine or N-nitrosodimethylamine . Cancer Res , 51 : 6452 – 69 .
  • Smith , M T . Biology and Mechanisms of Benzene Hematotoxicity . Representations of Dose-Response Relationships for Chemicals Associated with Non-Cancer Effects and Their Policy Implications . January 27–28 , Oakland, CA, USA.
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . March 2004 . An Examination of EPA Risk Assessment Practices and Principles , March , Washington, DC, , USA : EPA Office of the Science Advisor . Staff paper prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by Members of the Risk Assessment Task Force. EPA/100/B-04/001
  • USEPA . December 2003 . Exposure and Human Health Reassessment of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds , December , Washington, DC, , USA : EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development . NAS Review Draft
  • USEPA . December 2002 . A Review of the EPA Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes , December , Washington, DC, , USA : Risk Assessment Forum, EPA . EPA/630/P-02/002F
  • Woodruff , T and Zeise , L . EPA and other approaches for non-cancer dose-response characterization . Workshop—Representations of Dose-Response Relationships for Chemicals Associated with Non-Cancer Effects and Their Policy Implications . January 27–28 , Oakland, CA, USA.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.