Content and health risk assessment of selected elements in the Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis, St. hillaire)

References

• Baran A and Jasiewicz CZ. 2011. Accumulation of trace elements in black and green teas: Characteristics of leaves and brew. Ecol Chem Eng A 18(9–10):1185–92
   Google Scholar
• Barbosa JZ, Zambon LM, Motta ACV, et al. 2015. Composition, hot-water solubility of elements and nutritional value of fruits and leaves of yerba mate. Cienc Agrotec 39(6):593–603. doi:10.1590/S1413-70542015000600006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastos DH, Saldanha LA, Catharino RR, et al. 2007. Phenolic antioxidants identified by ESI-MS from Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and green tea (Camelia sinensis) extracts. Mol 12(3):423–32. doi:10.3390/12030423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastos MC, Reissmann CB, Keseker JF, Pauletti V, Gaiad S, and Sturion JA. 2014. Mineral content of young leaves of Yerba mate. Pesq Flor Bras 34(77):63–71
   Google Scholar
• Bragança VLC, Melnikov P, and Zanoni LZ. 2011. Trace elements in different brands of Yerba mate tea. Biol Trace Elem Res 144(1–3):1197–204. doi:10.1007/s12011-011-9056-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandra S and de Mejia GE. 2004. Polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and quinone reductase activity of an aqueous extract of Ardisia compressa in comparison to mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and green (Camellia sinensis) teas. J Agr Food Chem 52(11):3583–90. doi:10.1021/jf0352632
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs.
   Google Scholar
• De Flora S, Camoirano A, Bagnasco M, et al. 1997. Estimates of the chromium (VI) reducing capacity in human body compartments as a mechanism for attenuating its potential toxicity and carcinogenicity. Carcinog 18(3):531–37. doi:10.1093/carcin/18.3.531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De le Comte MGH. 1999. The Mate, p 36. Editorial Maizal Ediciones, IBSN: 987978990
   Google Scholar
• EFSA (European Food Safety Authority). 2010. EFSA panel on contaminants in the food chain (CONTAM), Scientific Opinion on Lead in Food. EFSA J 8(4):1570. Available at http://www.efsa.europa.eu. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1570
   Google Scholar
• Filip R, Lotito SB, Ferraro G, et al. 2003. Antioxidant activity of Ilex paraguariensis and related species. Nutr Res 20:1437–46. doi:10.1016/S0271-5317(00)80024-X
   Google Scholar
• Gomes da Costa AM, Nogami EM, Visentainer JV, et al. 2009. Fractionation of aluminum in commercial green and roasted yerba mate samples (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) and their infusions. J Agr Food Chem 57:196–200. doi:10.1021/jf802808h
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorzalczany S, Filip R, Alonso M, et al. 2001. Choleretic effect and intestinal propulsion of mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and its substitutes or adulterants. J Ethnopharmacol 75(2–3):291–94. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00179-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heck CI and de Mejia EG. 2007. Yerba mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis): A comprehensive review on chemistry, health implications, and technological considerations. J Food Sci 72(9):138–51. doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00535.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heck CI, Schmalko M, and Gonzales de Mejia E. 2008. Effect of growing and drying condition on the phenolic composition of mate teas. J Agr Food Chem 56(18):8394–403. doi:10.1021/jf801748s
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinrichs R and Malavolta E. 2001. Mineral composition of a commercial product from mate-herb (Ilex paraguariensis St Hill). Cienc Rural 31:781–85
   Google Scholar
• Lemly AD. 1996. Evaluation of the hazard quotient method for risk assessment of selenium. Ecotox Environ Safe 35:156–62. doi:10.1006/eesa.1996.0095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li L, Fu QL, Achal V, et al. 2015. A comparison of the potential health risk of aluminium and heavy metals in tea leaves and tea infusion of commercially available green tea in Jiangxi, China. Environ Monit Assess 187(5):228. doi:10.1007/s10661-015-4445-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Łukomska A, Jakubczyk K, Maciejewska D, et al. 2015. The fluoride content of Yerba mate depending on the country of origin and conditions of the infusion. Biol Trace Elem Res 167(2):320–25. doi:10.1007/s12011-015-0302-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik J, Szakova J, Drabek O, et al. 2008. Determination of certain micro and macroelements in plant stimulants and their infusions. Food Chem 111:520–25. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.04.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcelo M, Martins CA, Pozebon D, et al. 2014. Classification of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) according to the country of origin based on element concentrations. Microchem J 117:164–71. doi:10.1016/j.microc.2014.06.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NIH (National Institute of Health). 2011a. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Recommended Dietary Allowances and Adequate Intakes, Elements. National Institute of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences. Available at https://ods.od.nih.gov/Health_Information/Dietary_Reference_Intakes.aspx
   Google Scholar
• NIH (National Institute of Health). 2011b. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Tolerable Upper Intake Levels, Elements. National Institute of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences. Available at https://ods.od.nih.gov/Health_Information/Dietary_Reference_Intakes.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Nkansah MA, Opoku F, and Ackumey AA. 2016. Risk assessment of mineral and heavy metal content of selected tea products from the Ghanaian market. Environ Monit Assess 188:332. doi:10.1007/s10661-016-5343-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Opala T, Rzymski P, Pischel I, et al. 2006. Efficacy of 12 weeks supplementations of a botanical extract–based Wright loss formula on body Wright, body composition and blond chemistry in healthy, overweight subjects – a randomized double-bind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Med Res 11:342–50
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawlak-Lemańska K, Zarzyka O, Gliszczyńska-Świgło A, et al. 2016. Yerba mate, black and green tea infusions: Composition of their alkaloid content and antioxidant activity. Pol J Commodity Sci 1:105–14
   Google Scholar
• Pekkarinen SS, Stöckmann H, Schwarz K, et al. 1999. Antioxidant activity and partitioning of phenolic acids in bulk and emulsified methyl linoleate. J Agr Food Chem 47:3036–43. doi:10.1021/jf9813236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pozebon D, Dressler V, Marcelo A, et al. 2015. Toxic and nutrient elements in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis). Food Addit Contam B 8(3):215–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schinella G, Fantinelli JC, and Mosca SM. 2005. Cardioprotective effects of (Ilex paraguariensis) extract: evidence for a nitricoxide-depentmechanism. Clin Nutr 24:360–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz CM, Fritz H, and Ruthenschrör A. 2014. Occurrence of 15 + 1 EU priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in various types of tea (Camellia sinensis) and herbal infusions. Food Addit Contam Part A 31(10):1723–35. doi:10.1080/19440049.2014.952785
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StatSoft Inc. 2012. STATISTICA Data analysis software system, ver. 12.0. Available at www.statsoft.com
   Google Scholar
• Szymczycha-Madeja A, Welna M, and Pohl P. 2012. Elemental analysis of teas and their infusions by spectrometric methods. Trends Anal Chem 35:165–81. doi:10.1016/j.trac.2011.12.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trojanowska M and Świetlik R. 2012. Heavy metals cadmium, nickel and arsenic environmental inhalation hazard of residents of Polish cities. Environ Med 15(2):33–41 ( in Polish)
   Google Scholar
• USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2007. Concepts, methods and data sources for cumulative health risk assessment of multiple chemicals, exposures and effects: A resource document, EPA/600/R-06/013F Washington (DC). Cincinnati, OH, USA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development
   Google Scholar
• USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2017. Regional Screening Level (RSL) Summary Table (TR = 1E–6, HQ = 1), June 2017. Washington DC: US Environmental Protection Agency
   Google Scholar
• Vairo CP. 2000. Mate. South American friendly symbol, p 63. Editorial Zagier & Urruty Publications, ISBN:9781879568440
   Google Scholar
• VanderJagt TJ, Ghattas R, VanderJagt DJ, et al. 2002. Comparison of the total antioxidant content of 30 widely used medicinal plants of New Mexico. Life Sci 70(9):1035–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wróbel K, and Urbina EMC. 2000. Determination of total aluminum, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, and nickel and their fraction leached to the infusions of black tea, green tea, Hibiscus sabdariffa and Ilex paraguariensis (mate) by ETA-AAS. Biol Trace Elem Res 78(1–3):271–80. doi:10.1385/BTER:78:1-3:271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar