Estimation of involuntary excreta ingestion rates in farmers during agricultural practices in Vietnam

References

• AgriCultures Network. 1994. Feb 08, 2011. Safe use of treated night soil. Retrieved 14 December, 2016. Available at http://www.agriculturesnetwork.org/magazines/global/wastes-wanted/safe-use-of-treated-night-soil
   Google Scholar
• Clausing P, Brunekreef B, and van Wijnen JH. 1987. A method for estimating soil ingestion by children. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 59:73–82. doi:10.1007/BF00377681
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Davis S and Mirick DK. 2006. Soil ingestion in children and adults in the same family. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 16(1):63–75. doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis S, Waller P, Buschbom R, et al. 1990. Quantitative estimates of soil ingestion in normal children between the ages of 2 and 7 years: population-based estimates using aluminum, silicon, and titanium as soil tracer elements. Arch Environ Health 45(2):112–22. doi:10.1080/00039896.1990.9935935
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Do TT, Molbak K, Phung DC, et al. 2007. Helminth infections among people using wastewater and human excreta in peri-urban agriculture and aquaculture in Hanoi, Vietnam. Trop Med Int Health 12 Suppl 2:82–90
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fuhrimann S, Winkler MS, Kabatereine NB, et al. 2016. Risk of intestinal parasitic infections in people with different exposures to wastewater and fecal sludge in Kampala, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 10(3):e0004469. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorman Ng M, Davis A, van Tongeren M, et al. 2014. Inadvertent ingestion exposure: hand- and object-to-mouth behavior among workers. JESEE 26:9
   Google Scholar
• Gulliver F, Jeandron A, and Nguyen VA, et al. 2014. Transmission of helminth eggs through hands in a high-risk community. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 108:670–2. doi:10.1093/trstmh/tru115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoa NTV, Noda S, Uga S, et al. 2010. Parasite egg contamination of hands in a suburban area of Hanoi, Vietnam. Trop Med Health 38(2):75–9. doi:10.2149/tmh.2010-02
   Google Scholar
• Hoang Tay People's Committee. 2016. Report on health work performance in 2016. Hoang Tay commune, Kim Bang, Ha Nam, Vietnam.
   Google Scholar
• Jensen PK, Phuc PD, and West LG. 2010. How do we sell the hygiene message? With dollars, dong or excreta?. Environ Health 9:27. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-9-27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knudsen LG, Phuc PD. Hiep NT, et al. 2008. The fear of awful smell: risk perceptions among farmers in Vietnam using wastewater and human excreta in agriculture. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 39:341–352
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lam S, Nguyen-Viet H, Tuyet-Hanh TT, et al. 2015. Evidence for public health risks of wastewater and excreta management practices in Southeast Asia: a scoping review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12(10): 12863–12885
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michaud JM, Huntley Sl, Sherer RA, et al. 1994. PCB and dioxin re-entry criteria for building surfaces and air. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 4(2):197–227
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Navarro I, and Jimenez B. 2011. Evaluation of the WHO helminth eggs criteria using a QMRA approach for the safe reuse of wastewater and sludge in developing countries. Water Sci Technol 63(7): 1499–505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navarro I, Jimenez B, Lucario S, et al. 2009. Application of Helminth ova infection dose curve to estimate the risks associated with biosolid application on soil. J Water Health 7(1):31–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham-Duc P, Nguyen-Viet H, Hattendorf J, et al. 2013. Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections associated with wastewater and human excreta use in agriculture in Vietnam. Parasitol Int 62(2):172–80. doi:10.1016/j.parint.2012.12.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham-Duc P. 2011. Wastewater and Excreta Use in Agriculture in Northern Vietnam: Health Risks and Environmental Impacts. PhD Thesis, University of Basel
   Google Scholar
• Pullan RL, Smith JL, Jasrasaria R, et al. 2014. Global numbers of infection and disease burden of soil transmitted helminth infections in 2010. Parasit Vectors 7:37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schonning C, Westrell T, Stenstrom TA, et al. 2007. Microbial risk assessment of local handling and use of human faeces. J Water Health 5(1): 117–128
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Der Hoek W, De NV, Konradsen F, et al. 2003. Current status of soil-transmitted helminths in Vietnam. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 34 Suppl 1:1–11
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• VIMAFLOUR LTD. 2017. Hoa Ngoc Lan. Retrieved 14 March, 2017. Available at http://vimaflour.com/trang-chu/san-pham/
   Google Scholar
• Von Lindern I, Spalinger S, Stifelman ML, et al. 2016. Estimating children's soil/dust ingestion rates through retrospective analyses of blood lead biomonitoring from the bunker hill superfund site in Idaho. Environ Health Perspect 124(9):1462–70. doi:10.1289/ehp.1510144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vu-Van T, Pham-Duc P, Winkler MS, et al. 2016. Ascaris lumbricoides egg die-off in an experimental excreta storage system and public health implication in Vietnam. Int J Public Health 62: 103–111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson R, Jones-Otazo H, Petrovic S, et al. 2013. Revisiting dust and soil ingestion rates based on hand-to-mouth transfer. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 19(1):158–188. doi:10.1080/10807039.2012.685807
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson R, Jones-Otazo H, Petrovic S, et al. 2015. Estimation of sediment ingestion rates based on hand-to-mouth contact and incidental surface water ingestion. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 21(6):1700–1713. doi:10.1080/10807039.2014.974498
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson R, Mitchell I, and Richardson GM. 2016. Estimation of dust ingestion rates in units of surface area per day using a mechanistic hand-to-mouth model. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 22(4):874–881. doi:10.1080/10807039.2015.1115956
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue J, Zartarian V, Tulve N, et al. 2010. A meta-analysis of children's object-to-mouth frequency data for estimating non-dietary ingestion exposure. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 27(2):411–420
   Google Scholar