58
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Evolution of science‐based uncertainty factors in noncancer risk assessment

, &
Pages 579-589 | Published online: 02 Dec 2008

References

  • Barnes , D.G. and Dourson , M.L. 1988 . Reference dose (RfD): Description and use in health risk assessments . Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol. , 8 : 471 – 486 .
  • Barsotti , DA. and van Miller , J.P. 1984 . Accumulation of a commercial polychlorinated biphenyl mixture (aroclor 1016) in adult rhesus monkeys and their nursing infants . Toxicology , 30 : 31 – 44 .
  • Carpenter , C.P. , Weil , C.S. and Smyth , H.F. 1953 . Chronic oral toxicity of di(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate for rats and guinea pigs . Arch. Indust. Hyg. Occup. Med. , 8 : 219 – 226 .
  • Dourson , M.L. , Felter , S.P. and Robinson , D. 1996 . Evolution of science‐based uncertainty factors in noncancer risk assessment . Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol. , 24 : 108 – 120 .
  • Dourson , M.L. 1994 . “ Methodology for establishing oral reference doses (RfDs) ” . In Risk Assessment of Essential Elements , Edited by: Mertz , W. , Abernathy , C.O. and Olin , S.S. 51 – 61 . Washington, D.C. : ILSI Press .
  • IPCS (International Programme on Chemical Safely . 1994 . Environmental Health Criteria No. 170: Assessing human health risks of chemicals: Derivation of guidance values for health‐based exposure limits , Geneva : World Health Organization .
  • Jarabek , AM. 1994 . Inhalation RfC methodology: Dosimetric adjustments and dose‐response estimation of noncancer toxicity in the upper respiratory tract . Inhal. Toxicol. , 6 (suppl) : 301 – 325 .
  • Levin , E.D. , Schantz , S.L. and Bowman , R.E. 1988 . Delayed spatial alternation deficits resulting from perinatal PCB exposure in monkeys . Arch. Toxicol. , 62 : 267 – 273 .
  • Lu , F. 1988 . Acceptable Daily Intake: inception, evolution, and application . Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol. , 8 : 45 – 60 .
  • Lu , F.C. and Sielken , R.L. 1991 . Assessment of safety/risk of chemicals: Inception and evolution of the ADI and dose‐response modeling procedures . Tox Letters. , 59 : 5 – 40 .
  • Meek , M.E. 1994 . Approach to assessment of risk to human health for priority substances under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act . Environmental Car‐cinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews , C12 (2) : 105 – 134 .
  • Pohl , H.R. and Abadin , H.G. 1995 . Utilizing uncertainty factors in minimal risk levels derivation . Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology , 22 : 180 – 188 .
  • Rademaker , B.C. and Linders , J.B.H.J. May 1994 . Progress Report 3: Estimated‐ concentra‐tions‐of‐no‐concern of polluting agents in drinking water and air for humans , May , Bilthoven , , The Netherlands : National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection .
  • Schantz , S.L. , Levin , E.D. and Bowman , R.E. 1989 . Effects of perinatal PCB exposure on discrimination‐reversal learning in monkeys . Neurotox. Teratol. , 11 : 243 – 250 .
  • TERA (Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment) . 1996 . Evolution of science‐based uncertainty factors in noncancer risk assessment .
  • Truhaut , R. 1991 . The concept of the acceptable daily intake: an historical review . Food Additives and Contaminants , 8 (2) : 151 – 162 .
  • U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) . 1994 . Methods for Derivation of Inhalation Reference Concentrations and Application of Inhalation Dosimetry , Washington, DC : Office of Health and Environmental Assessment . EPA/600/8–90–066F. October 1994.
  • U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) . 1996 . The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) , Washington, DC : National Center for Environmental Assessment . On line.
  • Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA). 4303 Hamilton Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45223; Tel: 513–542–7475; Fax: 513–542–7487; email: [email protected].
  • International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI), 1126 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington, DC 200036; Tel: 202–659–3306; Fax: 202–659–8654.
  • This presentation is taken from a text entitled “Evolution of science‐based uncertainty factors in noncancer risk assessment.”; The text was developed by Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA) supported (in part) from the International Life Sciences Institute, Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI). The text has recently been published in Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology (Dourson et al., 1996).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.