How Individuals Feel About the Past, Present, and Future Bears Little Relation to Alcohol-Related Problems, Anxiety, and Depression: A Person-Centered Analysis in a University Sample

References

• Adewuya, A.O. (2005). Validation of the alcohol use disorders identification test (audit) as a screening tool for alcohol-related problems among Nigerian university students. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 40, 575–577.
   Google Scholar
• Alansari, M., Worrell, F. C., Rubie-Davies, C., & Webber, M. (2013). Adolescent time attitude scale (ATAS) scores and academic outcomes in secondary school females in New Zealand. International Journal of Quantitative Research in Education, 1, 251–274. doi:10.1504/IJQRE.2013.057687
   Google Scholar
• Andretta, J. R., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2014). Predicting educational outcomes and psychological wellbeing in adolescents using time attitude profiles. Psychology in the Schools, 51, 434–451. doi:10.1002/pits.21762
   Google Scholar
• Andretta, J. R., Worrell, F. C., Mello, Z. R., Dixson, D. D., & Baik, S. H. (2013). Demographic group differences in adolescents' time attitudes. Journal of Adolescence, 36, 289–301. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.11.005
   Google Scholar
• Beenstock, J., Adams, J., & White, M. (2011). The association between time perspective and alcohol consumption in university students: Cross-sectional study. The European Journal of Public Health, 21, 438–443.
   Google Scholar
• Bergman, L. R., Magnusson, D., & El-Khouri, B. M. (2003). Studying individual development in an interindividual context: A person-oriented approach. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Boniwell, I., Osin, E., Linley, P. A., & Ivanchenko, G. V. (2010). A question of balance: time perspective and well-being in British and Russian samples. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5, 24–40. doi:10.1080/17439760903271181
   Google Scholar
• Boniwell, I., & Zimbardo, P. G. (2004). Balancing one's time perspective in pursuit of optimal functioning. In P. A. Linley, & S. Joseph ( Eds.), Positive psychology in practice (pp. 165–178). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Buhl, M., & Linder, D. (2009). Time perspectives in adolescence: measurement, profiles, and links with personality characteristics and scholastic experience. Diskurs Kindheits und Jugendforschung [Research on Child and Adolescent Development], 2, 197–216.
   Google Scholar
• Caliński, T., & Harabasz, J. (1974). A dendrite method for cluster analysis. Communications in Statistics, 3, 37–41. doi:10.1080/03610927408827101
   Google Scholar
• Champely, S. (2012). pwr: Basic functions for power analysis. Retrieved from http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=pwr
   Google Scholar
• Cole, J. C., Andretta, J. R., & McKay, M. T. (2016). The relationship between temporal profiles and alcohol-related problems in university undergraduates: Results from the United Kingdom. Addictive Behaviors, 55, 15–18.
   Google Scholar
• Crockett, R. A.,Weinman, J., Hankins, M., & Marteau, T. (2009). Time orientation and health-related behaviour: Measurement in general population samples. Psychology and Health, 24, 333–350. doi:10.1080/08870440701813030
   Google Scholar
• de Meneses-Gaya, C., Zuardi, A. W., Loureiro, S. R., & Crippa, J. A. S. (2009). Alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): An updated systematic review of psychometric properties. Psychology and Neuroscience, 2, 83–97.
   Google Scholar
• Duda, R., & Hart, P. (1973). Pattern classification and scene analysis. New York, NY: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Ellis, P. D. (2010). The essential guide to effect sizes: statistical power, meta-analysis, and the interpretation of research results. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin, L. D., & Goodwin, W. L. (1999). Measurement myths and misconceptions. School Psychology Quarterly, 14, 408–427. doi:10.10137/h0089017
   Google Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cut-off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modelling, 6, 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
   Google Scholar
• Keough, K. A., Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (1999). Time perspective as a predictor of substance use. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 21, 149–164.
   Google Scholar
• Klingeman, H. (2001). The time game: temporal activity on emotional well-being among older Australian women: Cross-sectional and longitudinal Analysis. Time & Society, 10, 303–328.
   Google Scholar
• Laghi, F., Baiocco, R., D'Alessio, M., & Gurrieri, G. (2009). Suicidal ideation and time perspective in high school students. European Psychiatry: The Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 24, 41–46. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.08.006
   Google Scholar
• Lasane, T. P., & O'Donnell, D. A. (2005). Time orientation measurement: A conceptual approach. In A. Strathman & J. Joireman ( Eds.), Understanding behavior in the context of time: Theory, research, & application (pp. 11–30). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Lyubomirsky, S., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1995). Effects of self-focused rumination on negative thinking and interpersonal problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 176–190. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.69.1.176
   Google Scholar
• McKay, M. T., Andretta, J. R., Magee, J., & Worrell, F. C. (2014). What do temporal profiles tell us about adolescent alcohol use? Results from a large sample in the United Kingdom. Journal of Adolescence, 37, 1319–1328. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.09.008
   Google Scholar
• McKay, M. T., Cole, J. C., Percy, A., Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2015). Reliability and factorial validity of adolescent time inventory-time attitudes (ATI-TA) Scores in Scottish and Northern Irish adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 412–416.
   Google Scholar
• McKay, M. T., Worrell, F. C., Temple, E., Perry, J. L., Cole, J. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2015). Less is not always more: The case of the 36-item short form of the Zimbardo time perspective inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 72, 68–71. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.018
   Google Scholar
• Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2007). The adolescent time inventory—English. Berkeley: The University of California. Retrieved from https://faculty.sfsu.edu/∼zmello/content/adolescent-time-inventory
   Google Scholar
• Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C. (2015). The past, the present, and the future: A conceptual model of time perspective in adolescence. In M. Stolarski, N. Fieulaine, & W. van Beek ( Eds.), Time perspective theory: review, research, and application. Essays in honor of Phillip G. Zimbardo (pp. 115–129). Zug, Switzerland: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Mello, Z. R., Zhang, J. W., Barber, S. J., Paoloni, V. C., Howell, R. T., & Worrell, F. C. (2016). Psychometric properties of time attitudes scores in young, middle and older adult samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 57–61.
   Google Scholar
• Perry, J. L., Nicholls, A. R., Clough, P. J., & Crust, L. (2015). Assessing model fit: Caveats and recommendations for confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 19, 12–21.
   Google Scholar
• Popper, K. R. (1962). Conjectures and refutations: The growth of scientific knowledge. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
   Google Scholar
• Reise, S. P., Widaman, K. F. & Pugh, R. H. (1993). Confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory: Two approaches for exploring measurement invariance. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 552–566. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.3.552
   Google Scholar
• Robbins, R. N., & Bryan, A. (2004). Relationships between future orientation, impulsive sensation seeking, and risk behavior among adjudicated adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 19, 428–445.
   Google Scholar
• Saunders, J. B., Aasland, O. G., Babor, T. F., delaFuente, J. R., & Grant, M. (1993). Development of the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II. Addiction, 88, 791–804.
   Google Scholar
• Shipp, A. J., Edwards, J. R., & Schurer-Lambert, L. (2009). Conceptualization and measurement of temporal focus: The subjective experience of the past, present, and future. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 110, 1–22. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2009.05.001
   Google Scholar
• Smart, R. G. (1968). Future time perspectives in alcoholics and social drinkers. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 73(1), 81–83.
   Google Scholar
• StataCorp. (2013). Stata statistical software: release 13. College Station, TX: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson, B., & Daniel, L.G. (1996). Factor analytic evidence for the construct validity of scores: A historical overview and some guidelines. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56, 197–208. doi:10.1177/0013164496056002001
   Google Scholar
• Van Beek, W., Berghuis, H., Kerkhof, A. & Beekman, A. (2011). Time perspective, personality and psychopathology: Zimbardo's time perspective inventory in psychiatry. Time and Society, 20, 364–374.
   Google Scholar
• Wills, T. A., Sandy, J. M. & Yaeger, A. M. (2001). Time perspective and early-onset substance use: A model based on stress-coping theory. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 15, 118–125.
   Google Scholar
• Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2007). The reliability and validity of Zimbardo time perspective scores in academically talented adolescents. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 67, 487–504. doi:10.1177/0013164406296985
   Google Scholar
• Worrell, F. C., & Mello, Z. R. (2009). Convergent and discriminant validity of time attitude scores on the adolescent time perspective inventory. Diskurs Kindheits und Jugendforschung [Research on Child and Adolescent Development], 4, 185–196.
   Google Scholar
• Worrell, F. C., Mello, Z. R., & Buhl, M. (2013). Introducing English and German versions of the adolescent time attitude scale (ATAS). Assessment, 4, 496–510. doi:10.1177/1073191110396202
   Google Scholar
• Worrell, F. C., Temple, E. C., McKay, M. T., Živkovič, U., Perry, J. L., Mello, Z. R., …Cole, J. C. (2016). A theoretical approach to resolving the psychometric problems associated with the zimbardo time perspective inventory. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. Advance online publication. doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000313
   Google Scholar
• Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67, 361–370.
   Google Scholar
• Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (1999). Time perspective: A valid, reliable individual-differences metric. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1271–1288.
   Google Scholar
• Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (2008). The time paradox: the new psychology of time. London, UK: Rider.
   Google Scholar