Patterns of NPS Use and Risk Reduction in Slovenia

References

• Adamowicz, P., Zuba, D., & Byrska, B. (2014). Fatal intoxication with 3-methyl-N-methylcathinone (3-MMC) and 5-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran (5-APB). Forensic Science International, 245, 126–132. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.10.016
   Google Scholar
• Adamowicz, P., Gieron, J., Gil, D., Lechowicz, W., Skulska, A., & Tokarczyk, B. (2016). 3-Methylmethcathinone—Interpretation of blood concentrations based on analysis of 95 cases. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2016, 1–5.
   Google Scholar
• Ashrafioun, L., Bonadio, F. A., Deok Baik, K., Bradbury, S. L., Carhart, V. L., Cross, A. N., … Zaturenskaya, M. (2016). Patterns of use, acute subjective experiences, and motivations for using synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”) in recreational users. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 48(5), 336–343. doi:10.1080/02791072.2016.1229875
   Google Scholar
• Banks, M. L., Worst, T. J., Rusyniak, D. E., & Sprague, J. E. (2014). Synthetic cathinones (bath salts). The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 46(5), 632–642. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.11.104
   Google Scholar
• Bäckberg, M., Lindeman, E., Beck, O., & Helander, A. (2015). Characteristics of analytically confirmed 3-MMC-related intoxications from the Swedish STRIDA project. Clinical Toxicology, 53(1), 46–53. doi:10.3109/15563650.2014.981823
   Google Scholar
• Baumann, M. H., Partilla, J. S., & Lehner, K. R. (2013). Psychoactive bath salts: Not so soothing. European Journal of Pharmacology, 698(1–3), 1–5. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.11.020
   Google Scholar
• Coppola, M., & Mondola, R. (2012). Synthetic cathinones: Chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of a new class of designer drugs of abuse marketed as “bath salts” or “plant food”. Toxicology Letters, 211(2), 144–149. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.009
   Google Scholar
• Corazza, O., Valeriani, G., Bersani, F. S., Corkery, J., Martinotti, G., Bersani, G., & Schifano, F. (2014). “Spice”, “kryptonite”, “black mamba”: An overview of brand names and marketing strategies of novel psychoactive substances on the web. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 46(2014), 87–294.
   Google Scholar
• Dargan, P. I., Albert, S., & Wood, D. M. (2010). Mephedrone use and associated adverse effects in school and college/university students before the UK legislation change. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 103, 875–879. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcq134
   Google Scholar
• Dekleva, B. (1999). Ekstazi in plesne droge. Ljubljana: Pedagoška fakulteta.
   Google Scholar
• Drev, A., Lavtar, D., & Rostohar, K. (2013). Illicit drug use in Slovenian population aged 15–64. In A. Drev (Ed.), Report on the drug situation 2013 of the Republic of Slovenia (pp. 21–23). Ljubljana: National Institute of Public Health. Retrieved from http://www.nijz.si/sites/www.nijz.si/files/publikacije-datoteke/nacionalno_porocilo_o_stanju_drog_2013_ang.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EMCDDA. (2012). New Drugs in Europe. Retrieved from http://www.drugs.ie/resourcesfiles/reports/global_reports/EMCDDAnewdrugs.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EMCDDA. (2015). New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning System. Retrieved from http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_235958_EN_TD0415135ENN.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Eurobarometer. (2014). Flash Eurobarometer 401. TNS political & social: Young people and drugs. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl_401_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• German, C. L., Fleckenstein, A. E., & Hanson, G. R. (2014). Bath salts and synthetic cathinones: An emerging designer drug phenomenon. Life Sciences, 97(1), 2–8. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2013.07.023
   Google Scholar
• Gonzalez, D., Ventura, M., Caudevilla, F., Torrens, M., & Farre, M. (2013). Consumption of new psychoactive substances in a Spanish sample of research chemical users. Human Psychopharmacology, 28(4), 332–340. doi:10.1002/hup.2323
   Google Scholar
• Karila, L., Megarbane, B., Cottencin, O., & Lejoyeux, M. (2015). Synthetic cathinones: A new public health problem. Current Neuropharmacology, 13(1), 12–20. doi:10.2174/1570159X13666141210224137
   Google Scholar
• Katz, D. P., Bhattacharya, D., Bhattacharya, S., Deruiter, J., Randall, C., & Suppiramaniam, V. (2014). Synthetic cathinones: A khat and mouse game. Toxicology Letters, 229(2), 349–356. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.020
   Google Scholar
• Leban, V., Grenc, D., & Brvar, M. (2015). 3-MMC related intoxications. In R. Vajd & M. Gričar (Eds.), Emergency medicine: Selected topics. 22nd international symposium on emergency medicine: Proceedings (pp. 144–147). Ljubljana: Slovenian Society for Emergency Medicine.
   Google Scholar
• Martins, D., Valente, H., & Pires, C. (2015). CHECK!NG: The last frontier for harm reduction in party settings. SAUDE E SOCIEDADE, 24(2), 646–660. doi:10.1590/S0104-12902015000200020
   Google Scholar
• McElrath, K., & O'Neill, C. (2011). Experiences with mephedrone pre- and postlegislative controls: Perceptions of safety and sources of supply. The International Journal on Drug Policy, 22, 120–127. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2010.11.001
   Google Scholar
• Measham, F., Moore, K., Newcombe, R., & Welch, Z. (2010). Tweaking, bombing, dabbing and stockpiling: The emergence of mephedrone and the perversity of prohibition. Drugs and Alcohol Today, 10(1), 14–21. doi:10.5042/daat.2010.0123
   Google Scholar
• Miotto, K., Striebel, J., Cho, A. K., & Wang, C. (2013). Clinical and pharmacological aspects of bath salt use: A review of the literature and case reports. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 132(1–2), 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.06.016
   Google Scholar
• Mounteney, J., Griffiths, P., Sedefov, R., Noor, A., Vicente, J., & Simon, R. (2016). The drug situation in Europe: An overview of data available on illicit drugs and new psychoactive substances from European monitoring in 2015. Addiction, 111(1), 34–48. doi:10.1111/add.13056
   Google Scholar
• Odoardi, S., Saverio Romolo, F., & Strano Rossi, S. (2016). A snapshot on NPS in Italy: Distribution of drugs in seized materials analysed in an Italian forensic laboratory in the period 2013–2015. Forensic science international, 265(2016), 116–120. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.01.037
   Google Scholar
• Sande, M. (2011). In A. Drev, R. Štokelj & M. Krek (Eds.), Report on the drug situation 2011 of the Republic of Slovenia (pp. 37–39).
   Google Scholar
• Sande, M. (2016). Characteristics of the use of 3-MMC and other new psychoactive drugs in Slovenia, and the perceived problems experienced by users. International Journal of Drug Policy, 27(2016), 65–73. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.03.005
   Google Scholar
• Sande, M., Paš, M., Šabić, S., & Nahtigal, K. (2016). Uporaba psihoaktivnih snovi v Sloveniji. Ljubljana: Pedagoška fakulteta.
   Google Scholar
• Tarján, A., Dudás, M., Gyarmathy, V., Rusvai, E., Tresó, B., & Csohán, A. (2016). Emerging risks due to new injecting patterns in Hungary during austerity times. Substance Use & Misuse, 7(50), 848–858.
   Google Scholar
• Van Amsterdam, J. G. C., Nabben, T., Keiman, D., Haanschoten, G., & Korf, D. (2015). Exploring the Attractiveness of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) among Experienced Drug Users. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 47(3), 177–181. doi:10.1080/02791072.2015.1048840
   Google Scholar
• Winstock, A., Mitcheson, L., Ramsey, J., Davies, S., Puchnarewicz, M., & Marsden, J. (2011). Mephedrone: Use, subjective effects and health risks. Addiction, 714(1–3), 32–1996
   Google Scholar
• Wood, M., & Dargan, P. I. (2013). Mephedrone. In M. Wood & P. I. Dargan (Eds.), Novel psychoactive substances (pp. 211–231). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Zawilska, J. B., & Wojcieszak, J. (2013). Designer cathinones—An emerging class of novel recreational drugs. Forensic Science International, 231(1–3), 42–53. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.015
   Google Scholar
• Zawilska, J. B., & Andrzejczak, D. (2015). Next generation of novel psychoactive substances on the horizon – A complex problem to face. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 157(12), 1–17. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.030
   Google Scholar