222
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Protective Factors as an Explanation for the “Paradox” of Black–White Differences in Heavy Drinking

, , ORCID Icon, &

References

  • Aneshensel, C. S., Rutter, C. M., & Lachenbruch, P. A. (1991). Social structure, stress, and mental health: Competing conceptual and analytic models. American Sociological Review, 56(2), 166–178. doi:10.2307/2095777
  • Blumberg, S. J., & Luke, J. V. (2009). Wireless Substitution: Early Release of Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, July–December 2008 (pp. 13). Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics [Accessed: 2012-06-14. Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/68Q6oLoEC].
  • Brenner, A. B., Borrell, L. N., & Barrientos-Gutierrez, T. (2015). Longitudinal associations of neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics and alcohol availability on drinking: Results from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (mesa). Social Science and Medicine, 145, 17–25. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.09.030
  • Breslau, J., Kendler, K. S., Su, M., Gaxiola-Aguilar, S., & Kessler, R. C. (2005). Lifetime risk and persistence of psychiatric disorders across ethnic groups in the United States. Psychological Medicine, 35(3), 317–327. doi: 10.1017/S0033291704003514
  • Brown, R. L., & Richman, J. A. (2012). Sex differences in mediating and moderating processes linking economic stressors, psychological distress, and drinking. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 73(5), 811–819. doi:10.15288/jsad.2012.73.811
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2013). CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Report—United States, 2013. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 62(Suppl. 3), 1–186.
  • Cohen, S., & Syme, S. L. (Eds.). (1985). Social support and health. New York: Academic Press.
  • Cooper, M. L., Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Mudar, P. (1995). Drinking to regulate positive and negative emotions: A motivational model of alcohol use. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(5), 990–1005. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.990
  • Cooper, M. L., Krull, J. L., Agocha, V. B., Flanagan, M. E., Orcutt, H. K., Grabe, S., … Jackson, M. (2008). Motivational pathways to alcohol use and abuse among black and white adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(3), 485–501. doi:10.1037/a0012592
  • Dawson, D. A., Goldstein, R. B., Saha, T. D., & Grant, B. F. (2015). Changes in alcohol consumption: United States, 2001–2002 to 2012–2013. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 148, 56–61. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.016
  • Elder, J. P., Campbell, N. R., Litrownik, A. J., Ayala, G. X., Slymen, D. J., Parra-Medina, D., & Lovato, C. Y. (2000). Predictors of cigarette and alcohol susceptibility and use among Hispanic migrant adolescents. Preventive Medicine, 31(2, Pt. 1), 115–123. doi:10.1006/pmed.2000.0693
  • Fesahazion, R. G., Thorpe, R. J., Jr., Bell, C. N., & LaVeist, T. A. (2012). Disparities in alcohol use: Does race matter as much as place? Preventive Medicine, 55(5), 482–484. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.08.007
  • Franzini, L., Ribble, J. C., & Keddie, A. M. (2002). Understanding the hispanic paradox. In T. A. LaVeist (Ed.), Race, Ethnicity, and Health (pp. 280–304). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Grammich, C., Hadaway, K., Houseal, R., Jones, D. E., Krindatch, A., Stanley, R., & Taylor, R. H. (2012). 2010 U.S. Religion Census: Religious congregations & membership study. Kansas City, MO: Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies.
  • Greenfield, T. K. (2000). Ways of measuring drinking patterns and the difference they make: Experience with graduated frequencies. Journal of Substance Abuse, 12(1–2), 33–49. doi: 10.1016/S0899-3289(00)00039-0
  • Greenfield, T. K., Ye, Y., Karriker-Jaffe, K. J., & Kerr, W. C. (2013). Practical utility of a new propensity score weighting technique for estimates based on landline-only cases in a dual frame landline/mobile telephone US national alcohol survey. Presented at the 141st Annual American Public Health Association Meeting and Exposition. Boston, MA: November 2–6.
  • Griffith, D. M. (2012). An intersectional approach to men's health. Journal of Men's Health, 9(2), 106–112. doi: 10.1016/j.jomh.2012.03.003
  • Groves, R. M. (2006). Nonresponse rates and nonresponse bias in household surveys. Public Opinion Quarterly, 70(5), 646–675. doi: 10.1093/poq/nfl033
  • Herd, D. (1994). Predicting drinking problems among black and white men: Results from a national survey. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 55(1), 61–71. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1994.55.61
  • Herd, D., & Grube, J. W. (1996). Black identity and drinking in the US: A national study. Addiction, 91(6), 845–857. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1996.91684510.x
  • Hill, T. D., & Angel, R. J. (2005). Neighborhood disorder, psychological distress, and heavy drinking. Social Science and Medicine, 61(5), 965–975. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.12.027
  • Holmes, C., & Kim-Spoon, J. (2016). Why are religiousness and spirituality associated with externalizing psychopathology? A literature review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 19(1), 1–20. doi:10.1007/s10567-015-0199-1
  • Jones-Webb, R., Karriker-Jaffe, K. J., Zemore, S. E., & Mulia, N. (2016). Effects of economic disruptions on alcohol use and problems: Why do African Americans fare worse? Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 77(2), 261–271. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2016.77.261
  • Karriker-Jaffe, K. J. (2011). Areas of disadvantage: A systematic review of effects of area-level socioeconomic status on substance use outcomes. Drug and Alcohol Review, 30(1), 84–95. doi: 10.1111/j.1465-3362.2010.00191.x
  • Karriker-Jaffe, K. J. (2013). Neighborhood socioeconomic status and substance use by U.S. adults. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 133(1), 212–221. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.033
  • Keyes, C. L. (2009). The Black–White paradox in health: Flourishing in the face of social inequality and discrimination. Journal of Personality, 77(6), 1677–1706. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00597.x
  • Keyes, K. M., & Cerdá, M. (2013). Racial/ethnic differences in alcohol-related suicide: A call for focus on unraveling paradoxes and understanding structural forces that shape alcohol-related health. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 37(5), 717–719. doi: 10.1111/acer.12083
  • Kovesdy, C. P., Norris, K. C., Boulware, L. E., Lu, J. L., Ma, J. Z., Streja, E., … Kalantar-Zadeh, K. (2015). Association of race with mortality and cardiovascular events in a large cohort of US veterans. Circulation, 132(16), 1538–1548. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.015124
  • LaVeist, T. A., Pollack, K., Thorpe, R., Jr., Fesahazion, R., & Gaskin, D. (2011). Place, not race: Disparities dissipate in Southwest Baltimore when blacks and whites live under similar conditions. Health Affairs, 30(10), 1880–1887. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0640
  • LaVeist, T. A., Thorpe, R. J., Jr., Mance, G. A., & Jackson, J. (2007). Overcoming confounding of race with socio-economic status and segregation to explore race disparities in smoking. Addiction, 102(Suppl. 2), 65–70. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01956.x
  • Lee, D. B., Neblett, E. W., Jr., & Jackson, V. (2015). The role of optimism and religious involvement in the association between race-related stress and anxiety symptomatology. The Journal of Black Psychology, 41(3), 221–246. doi:10.1177/0095798414522297
  • Lindenberg, C. S., Strickland, O., Solorzano, R., Galvis, C., Dreher, M., & Darrow, V. C. (1999). Correlates of alcohol and drug use among low-income hispanic immigrant childbearing women living in the U.S.A. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 36(1), 3–11. doi:10.1016/S0020-7489(98)00046-7
  • Martin, J. K., Tuch, S. A., & Roman, P. M. (2003). Problem drinking patterns among African Americans: The impacts of reports of discrimination, perceptions of prejudice, and “risky” coping strategies. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 44(3), 408–425. doi:10.2307/1519787
  • Matheson, F. I., White, H. L., Moineddin, R., & Dunn, J. R. (2012). Drinking in context: The influence of gender and neighbourhood deprivation on alcohol consumption. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 66, e4. doi:10.1136/jech.2010.112441
  • Mezuk, B., Raffety, J. A., Kershaw, K. N., Hudson, D., Abdou, C. M., Lee, H., … Jackson, J. S. (2010). Reconsidering the role of social disadvantage in physical and mental health: Stressful life events, health behaviors, race, and depression. American Journal of Epidemiology, 172(11), 1238–1249. doi:10.1093/aje/kwq283
  • Michalak, L., Trocki, K., & Bond, J. (2007). Religion and alcohol in the U.S. national alcohol survey: How important is religion for abstention and drinking? Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 87(2–3), 268–280. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.07.013
  • Midanik, L. T., & Greenfield, T. K. (2003). Telephone versus in-person interviews for alcohol use: Results of the 2000 national alcohol survey. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 72(3), 209–214. doi: 10.1016/S0376-8716(03)00204-7
  • Morgan, A., & Ziglio, E. (2007). Revitalising the evidence base for public health: An assets model. Promotion and Education, 14(Suppl. 2), 17–22. doi: 10.1177/10253823070140020701x
  • Mossakowski, K. N. (2008). Is the duration of poverty and unemployment a risk factor for heavy drinking? Social Science and Medicine, 67(6), 947–955. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.05.019
  • Mulia, N., Schmidt, L., Bond, J., Jacobs, L., & Korcha, R. (2008). Stress, social support and problem drinking among women in poverty. Addiction, 103(8), 1283–1293. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02234.x
  • Mulia, N., Ye, Y., Karriker-Jaffe, K. J., Kerr, W. C., Greenfield, T. K., & Jones-Webb, R. (2014). Racial/ethnic disparities and attitudes towards alcohol policy in the U.S. 37th Annual Research Society on Alcoholism Scientific Meeting. Bellevue, WA: June 21–25.
  • Mulia, N., Ye, Y., Zemore, S. E., & Greenfield, T. K. (2008). Social disadvantage, stress and alcohol use among black, Hispanic and white Americans: Findings from the 2005 U.S. national alcohol survey. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 69(6), 824–833. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2008.69.824
  • Mulia, N., Zemore, S. E., Murphy, R., Liu, H., & Catalano, R. (2014). Economic loss and alcohol consumption and problems during the 2008 to 2009 U.S. recession. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 38(4), 1026–1034. doi: 10.1111/acer.12301
  • Murphy, R. D., Zemore, S. E., & Mulia, N. (2014). Housing instability and alcohol problems during the 2007–2009 US recession: The moderating role of perceived family support. Journal of Urban Health, 91(1), 17–32. doi: 10.1007/s11524-013-9813-z
  • Murry, V. M., Bynum, M. S., Brody, G. H., Willert, A., & Stephens, D. (2001). African American single mothers and children in context: A review of studies on risk and resilience. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4(2), 133–155. doi:10.1023/A:1011381114782
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2005). Helping patients who drink too much: A clinician's guide. Updated 2005 Edition, revised October 2015 (NIH Publication No. 07–3769) Rockville, MD [Accessed: 2016-08-12. Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/6jiIsTNiY].
  • Pearlin, L. I., & Radabaugh, C. W. (1976). Economic strains and the coping function of alcohol. The American Journal of Sociology, 82(3), 652–663. doi:10.1086/226357
  • Pew Research Center. (2012). Assessing the representativeness of public opinion surveys (pp. 51). Washington, DC [Accessed: 2015-02-09. Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/6WDcTE4P1].
  • Rehm, J., Greenfield, T. K., Walsh, G., Xie, X., Robson, L., & Single, E. (1999). Assessment methods for alcohol consumption, prevalence of high risk drinking and harm: A sensitivity analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology, 28(2), 219–224. doi: 10.1093/ije/28.2.219
  • Robins, J. M., Hernán, M. Á., & Brumback, B. (2000). Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology. Epidemiology, 11(5), 550–560. doi: 10.1097/00001648-200009000-00011
  • Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70, 41–55. doi:10.1093/biomet/70.1.41
  • Sarkisian, N., & Gerstel, N. (2004). Kin support among blacks and whites: Race and family organization. American Sociological Review, 69(6), 812–837. doi:10.1177/000312240406900604
  • Schwartz, S., & Meyer, I. H. (2010). Metal health disparities research: The impact within and between group analyses on tests of social stress hypotheses. Social Science and Medicine, 70(8), 1111–1118. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.11.032
  • Scribner, R., Cohen, D., Kaplan, S., & Allen, S. H. (1999). Alcohol availability and homicide in New Orleans: Conceptual considerations for small area analysis of the effect of alcohol outlet density. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 60(3), 310–316. doi:10.15288/jsa.1999.60.310
  • Scribner, R. A., Cohen, D. A., & Farley, T. A. (1998). A geographic relation between alcohol availability and gonorrhea rates. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 25(10), 544–548. doi:10.1097/00007435-199811000-00009
  • Scribner, R. A., Cohen, D. A., & Fisher, W. (2000). Evidence of a structural effect for alcohol outlet density: A multilevel analysis. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 24(2), 188–195. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2000.tb04590.x
  • StataCorp. (2015). Stata Statistical Software: Release 14.0. College Station, TX: Stata Corporation.
  • Thoits, P. A. (2010). Stress and health: Major findings and policy implications. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(Suppl), S41–S53. doi:10.1177/0022146510383499
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2011). Healthy People 2020 Objectives (pp. 335). Washington, DC [Accessed: 2013-01-29. Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/6E2Qk6kB7].
  • Wallace, J. M., Brown, T. N., Bachman, J. G., & LaVeist, T. A. (2003). The influence of race and religion on abstinence from alcohol, cigarettes and marijuana among adolescents. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 64(6), 843–848. doi:10.15288/jsa.2003.64.843
  • West, C. P. (1994). Race matters. New York, NY: Vintage Books.
  • Zapolski, T. C. B., Pedersen, S. L., McCarthy, D. M., & Smith, G. T. (2014). Less drinking, yet more problems: Understanding African American drinking and related problems. Psychological Bulletin, 140(1), 188–223. doi:10.1037/a0032113
  • Zemore, S. E., Karriker-Jaffe, K. J., Keithly, S., & Mulia, N. (2011). Racial prejudice and unfair treatment: Interactive effects with poverty and foreign nativity on problem drinking. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 72(3), 361–370. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2011.72.361
  • Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.