References
- Rock P, Singleton M. EMS heroin overdoses with refusal to transport & impacts on ED overdose surveillance. Online J Public Health Inf. 2019;11(1):e430. doi:10.5210/ojphi.v11i1.9917.
- Zozula A, et al. Non-transport after prehospital naloxone administration is associated with higher risk of subsequent non-fatal overdose. Prehospital Emergency Care. 2021:1–11. doi:10.1080/10903127.2021.1884324.
- Glenn MJ, Rice AD, Primeau K, Hollen A, Jado I, Hannan P, McDonough S, Arcaris B, Spaite DW, Gaither JB, et al. Refusals after prehospital administration of naloxone during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2021;25(1):46–54. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1834656.
- Leading causes of death and injury - PDFs|injury center|CDC. Cdc.gov. [accessed 2019 October 1]. https://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/LeadingCauses.html. Published July 10, 2020.
- Scholl L. Drug and opioid-involved overdose deaths — United States, 2013–2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;67(51-52):1419–1427. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6751521e1.
- Website. [accessed 2020 May 21]. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm.
- Weiner SG, Baker O, Bernson D, Schuur JD. One-year mortality of patients after emergency department treatment for nonfatal opioid overdose. Ann Emerg Med. 2020;75(1):13–7. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.04.020.
- Carroll GG, Wasserman DD, Shah AA, Salzman MS, Baston KE, Rohrbach RA, Jones IL, Haroz R. Buprenorphine field initiation of rescue treatment by emergency medical services (Bupe FIRST EMS): a case series. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2021;25(2):289–293. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1747579.
- D'Onofrio G, O'Connor PG, Pantalon MV, Chawarski MC, Busch SH, Owens PH, Bernstein SL, Fiellin DA. Emergency department-initiated buprenorphine/naloxone treatment for opioid dependence: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015;313(16):1636–44. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.3474.
- Snyder H, Kalmin MM, Moulin A, Campbell A, Goodman-Meza D, Padwa H, Clayton S, Speener M, Shoptaw S, Herring AA. Rapid adoption of low-threshold buprenorphine treatment at California emergency departments participating in the CA bridge program. Ann Emergency Med. 2021;S0196-0644(21)00434-0. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.05.024.
- Hern HG, Goldstein D, Tzvieli O, Mercer M, Sporer K, Herring AA. Overdose receiving centers - an idea whose time has come? Prehosp Emerg Care. 2021:1–4. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1864073. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33507845.
- Contra Costa County EMS protocols. [accessed 2021 April 6]. https://cchealth.org/ems/pdf/2021-tg/4A13aSuspectedOpioidOverdose.pdf.
- Oldfield B, Saitz R. Guidance for writing case reports in addiction medicine. J Addict Med. 2020;14(2):89–92. doi:10.1097/ADM.0000000000000632.
- Wakeman SE, Larochelle MR, Ameli O, Chaisson CE, McPheeters JT, Crown WH, Azocar F, Sanghavi DM. Comparative effectiveness of different treatment pathways for opioid use disorder. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(2):e1920622. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.20622. PMID: 32022884.
- Kalmin MM, Goodman-Meza D, Anderson E, Abid A, Speener M, Snyder H, Campbell A, Moulin A, Shoptaw S, Herring AA. Voting with their feet: social factors linked with treatment for opioid use disorder using same-day buprenorphine delivered in California hospitals. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021;222:108673. May 1doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108673.