The Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals Course and the Pediatric Assessment Triangle: A 25-Year Retrospective

References

• Personal correspondence Michelle Olech Smith, American Academy of Pediatrics, October 4, 2022
   Google Scholar
• Seidel JS, Hornbein M, Yoshiyama K, Kuznets D, Finklestein JZ, St Geme JW. Jr. Emergency medical services and the pediatric patient: are the needs being met? Pediatrics. 1984; Jun73(6):769–72. doi:10.1542/peds.73.6.769.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidel JS. A needs assessment of advanced life support and emergency medical services in the pediatric patient: state of the art. Circulation. 1986;74(6 Pt 2):IV129–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gausche M, Henderson DP, Seidel JS. Vital signs as a part of the prehospital assessment of the pediatric patient: A survey of paramedics. Ann Emerg Med. 1990;19(2):173–8. doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81804-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNeil M, Dieckmann RA, Westlake D, Salaber S, the California Paramedic Pediatric Education Subcommittee. Pediatric Education Guidelines for Paramedics. Sacramento, CA: California Emergency Medical Services Authority, 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Institute of Medicine. 1993. Emergency Medical Services for Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/2137.
   Google Scholar
• Gausche M, Henderson DP, Brownstein D, Foltin GL, Athey J, Bryson D, Anderson P, Bailey R, Cooper A, Dieckmann RA, et al. The education of out-of-hospital medical personnel in pediatrics: Report of a national task force. Ann Emerg Med. 1998;31(1):58–64. doi:10.1016/S0196-0644(98)70282-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dieckmann RA, Brownstein D, Gausche M, the National PEP Task Force, California EMS Authority, and Florida Emergency Medicine Foundation. Student Manual PEP Course. Sacramento, CA: California EMS Authority, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Dieckmann RA. the National PEP Task Force, California EMS Authority, Florida Emergency Medicine Foundation. Instructor Manual PEP Course. Sacramento, CA: California EMS Authority, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Gausche-Hill M, Lewis RJ, Gunter CS, Henderson DP, Haynes BE, Stratton SJ. Design and implementation of a controlled trial of pediatric endotracheal intubation in the out-of-hospital setting. Ann Emerg Med. 2000;36(4):356–65. doi:10.1067/mem.2000.109447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foltin GL, Tunik M, Cooper A, et al. Teaching Resource for Instructors in Prehospital Pediatrics (TRIPP). Washington DC: Department of Health and Human Services; Health Resources and Services Administration; Maternal and Child Health Bureau; National Highway Traffic Administration, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Dieckmann RA, Brownstein D, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals. American Academy of Pediatrics. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Dieckmann RA, Brownstein D, Gausche-Hill M. The Pediatric Assessment Triangle: A Novel Approach to Pediatric Assessment. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2010;26(4):312–5. doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181d6db37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gausche-Hill M, Brownstein D, Dieckmann RA, eds. Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals Resource Manual. American Academy of Pediatrics. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishing, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• American Academy of Pediatrics. PEPP BLS Video. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• American Academy of Pediatrics. PEPP ALS Video. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• American Academy of Pediatrics. PEPP Toolkit CD-ROM. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishing, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Dieckmann RA, edPediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals, 2^nd edition American Academy of Pediatrics. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Brownstein D, Dieckmann RA, Fuchs S, Gausche-Hill M, Wiebe RA, eds. Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals 2nd edition Resource Manual. American Academy of Pediatrics. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Callahan JM, Pante MD, Simon SG, eds. Basic Life Support Provider, Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals. American Academy of Pediatrics. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Fuchs S, Pante M, eds. Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals, 3^rd edition. American Academy of Pediatrics. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Fuchs S, Klein BL, eds. Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals, revised 3^rd edition. American Academy of Pediatrics. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Fuchs S, McEvoy M, eds. Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals, 4^th edition American Academy of Pediatrics. Burlington, MA Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC; Fire and Rescue. PEPP; Boston, MA. [accessed 2022 Nov 26]. https://www.jblearning.com/PEPP.
   Google Scholar
• Lammers RL, Willoughby-Byrwa MJ, Vos DG, Fales WD. Comparison of four methods of paramedic continuing education in the management of pediatric emergencies. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2022;26(4):463–75. doi:10.1080/10903127.2021.1916140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuchs S, Terry M, Adelgais K, Bokholdt M, Brice J, Brown KM, Cooper A, Fallat ME, Remick KE, Widmeier K, et al. Definitions and assessment approaches for Emergency Medical Services for Children. Pediatrics. 2016;138(6):e20161073. doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1073.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Emergency Physicians. Advanced Pediatric Life Support (APLS) Course; [accessed 2022 Nov 26]. https://www.aplsonline.com.
   Google Scholar
• Emergency Nurses Association. Emergency Nursing Pediatric Course; [accessed 2022 Nov 26]. https://www.ena.org/enau/educational-offerings/enpc.
   Google Scholar
• PALS Course Options. cpr.heart.org/en/courses/pals-course-options Accessed 11/29/22
   Google Scholar
• National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians. Emergency Pediatric Course; [accessed 2022 Nov 26]. https://www.naemt.org/education/epc.
   Google Scholar
• Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals. [accessed 2022 Nov 26]. https://www.peppsite.com.
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez A, Benito J, Mintegi S. Is this child sick? Usefulness of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle in emergency settings? J Pediatr (Rio J). 2017;93:60–7. doi:10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horeczko T, Enriquez B, McGrath NE, Gausche-Hill M, Lewis RJ. The Pediatric Assessment Triangle: accuracy of its application by nurses in the triage of children. J Emerg Nurs. 2013;39(2):182–9. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2011.12.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández A, Ares MI, Garcia S, Martinez-Indart L, Mintegi S, Benito J. The Validity of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle as the First Step in the Triage Process in a Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2017;33(4):234–8. doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000000717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma X, Liu Y, Du M, Ojo O, Huang L, Feng X, Gao Q, Wang X. The accuracy of the pediatric assessment triangle in assessing triage of critically ill patients in emergency pediatric department. Int Emerg Nurs. 2021; Sep58:101041. doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2021.101041.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gausche-Hill M, Eckstein M, Horeczko T, McGrath N, Kurobe A, Ullum L, Kaji AH, Lewis RJ. Paramedics accurately apply the pediatric assessment triangle to drive management. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014; Oct-Dec18(4):520–30. doi:10.3109/10903127.2014.912706.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerrero-Márquez G, Míguez-Navarro MC. The physiological diagnosis missing in the Pediatric Assessment Triangle. Pediatr Emer Care. 2021;37(11):e779–e779. doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000002550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar