Making the Transition from Welfare to Work: Employment Experiences of CalWORKs Participants in the San Francisco Bay Area

REFERENCES

• Acs , G. and Loprest , P. 2001 . Final Synthesis Report of Findings from ASPE “Leavers” Grants , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. .
   Google Scholar
• Andersson , F. , Lane , J. and McEntarfer , E. April 2004 . Successful transitions out of low-wage work for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients: The role of employers, coworkers, and location. , April , Washington, DC : US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation .
   Google Scholar
• Bavier , R. 2001 . Welfare reform from the Survey of Income and Program Participation. . Monthly Labor Review , 124 ( 7 ) : 13 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blank , S. and Riccio , J. 2001 . Welfare, housing, and employment: Learning from the Jobs-Plus Demonstration , New York : Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation. . (Policy Brief)
   Google Scholar
• Brauner , S. and Loprest , P. 1999 . Where are they now? What states' studies of people who left welfare tell us , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute . (Assessing the New Federalism No. Series ANo.A-32)
   Google Scholar
• Brooks-Gunn , J. and Duncan , G. J. 1997 . The effects of poverty on children. . The Future of Children , 7 ( 2 ) : 55 – 71 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burns , P. , Drayse , M. , Flaming , D. and Haydamack , B. 2003 . Prisoners of hope: Welfare to work in Los Angeles. , Los Angeles : Economic Roundtable .
   Google Scholar
• Cancian , M. , Haveman , R. H. , Meyer , D. R. and Wolfe , B. 2003 . The employment, earnings, and income of single mothers in Wisconsin who left cash assistance: Comparisons among three cohorts. , Madison, WI : Institute for Research on Poverty .
   Google Scholar
• Carnochan , S. , Ketch , V. , De Marco , A. , Taylor , S. , Abramson , A. and Austin , M. J. 2005 . Assessing the initial impact of welfare reform: A synthesis of research studies (1998–2002). . Journal of Social Policy , 4 ( 1 ) : 3 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Clausen , J. A. 1995 . “ Gender, contexts, and turning points in adults' lives ” . In The life course paradigm: Social change and individual development , Edited by: Elder , G. H. 365 – 389 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Colton , C. , Bania , N. , Martin , T. and Lalich , N. 2003 . How are they managing? A retrospective of Cuyahoga County families leaving welfare. , Cleveland, OH : Center of Urban Poverty and Social Change . Case Western Reserve University
   Google Scholar
• Corcoran , M. , Danziger , S. K. , Kalil , A. and Seefeldt , K. S. 2000 . How welfare reform is affecting women's work. . Annual Review of Sociology , 26 : 241 – 269 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danziger , S. , Corcoran , M. , Danziger , S. , Heflin , C. , Kalil , A. Levine , J. 2000 . Barriers to the employment of welfare recipients , Ann Arbor, MI : Poverty Research and Training Center .
   Google Scholar
• Danziger , S. , Heflin , C. , Corcoran , M. , Oltmans , E. and Wang , H. 2002 . Does it pay to move from welfare to work? , Ann Arbor, MI : Poverty Research and Training Center .
   Google Scholar
• Danziger , S. and Seefeldt , K. 2002 . Barriers to employment and the “hard to serve”: Implications for services, sanctions, and time limits. . Focus , 22 ( 1 ) : 76 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• Dodge , K. A. , Pettit , G. A. , Bates , J. E. and Valente , E. 1995 . Social information processing patterns partially mediate the effect of early physical abuse on later conduct problems. . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 104 : 632 – 643 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 2002, February 14 . Department of Health and Human Services. 2002 HHS poverty guidelines. . Federal Register , 67 ( 31 ) : 6931 – 6933 .
   Google Scholar
• Elder , G. H. 1995 . “ The life course paradigm: Social change and individual development ” . In The life course paradigm: Social change and individual development , Edited by: Elder , G. H. 101 – 139 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association. .
   Google Scholar
• Elder , G. H. 1998 . The life course as developmental theory. . Child Development , 69 ( 1 ) : 1 – 12 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elder , G. and Caspi , A. 1988 . Economic stress in lives: Developmental perspectives. . Journal of Social Issues , 44 ( 4 ) : 25 – 45 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edin , K. and Kefalas , M. 2005, March . Promises I can keep. , Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Elder , G. H. 1998, February . The life course as developmental theory. . Child Development , 69 ( 1 ) : 1 – 12 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fremstad , S. 2004 . Recent welfare reform research findings: Implications for TANF reauthorization and state TANF policies. , Washington, DC : Center on Budget and Policy Priorities .
   Google Scholar
• Garrett , B. and Holohan , J. 2000 . Health insurance coverage after welfare. . Health Affairs , 19 ( 1 ) : 175 – 184 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graves , S. 2003, December . Moving beyond welfare: What do we know about former CalWORKs recipients? , Sacramento, CA : California Budget Project .
   Google Scholar
• Gritz , R. , Mancuso , D. , Lieberman , C. and Lindler , V. 2001 . Assessing the family circumstances of TANF applicants and leavers in Contra Costa and Alameda Counties , Burlingame, CA : The SPHERE Institute (Executive Summary) .
   Google Scholar
• Hill , H. , Kirby , G. and Pavetti , L. 2002 . Transitional jobs programs: Stepping stones to unsubsidized employment. , Princeton, NJ : Mathematica Policy Research, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• London , A. S. , Scott , E. K. , Edin , K. and Hunter , V. 2004 . Welfare reform, work-family tradeoffs, and child well-being. . Family Relations , 53 ( 2 ) : 148 – 158 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loprest , P. 1999 . Families who left welfare: Who are they and how are they doing? , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute. . (Assessing the New Federalism: Discussion Paper No. 99-02)
   Google Scholar
• Loprest , P. 2001 . How are families that left welfare doing? A comparison of early and recent welfare leavers , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute . (Assessing the New Federalism Policy Brief No. Series BNo. B-36)
   Google Scholar
• Loprest , P. and Zedlewski , S. 1999 . Current and former welfare recipients: How do they differ? , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute . (Assessing the New Federalism Discussion Paper No. 99-17)
   Google Scholar
• Miller , C. , Redcross , C. and Henrichson , C. 2002 . Food stamp use among former welfare recipients , New York : Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Moffit , R. , Cherlin , A. , Burton , L. , King , M. and Roff , J. 2002 . The characteristics of families remaining on welfare Welfare, children, and families: A three-city study , Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins University . (Working Paper No. 02-02)
   Google Scholar
• Moffit , R. and Roff , J. 2000 . The Diversity of welfare leavers , Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins University . (Working Paper 00-01). welfare, children, and families: a three-city study
   Google Scholar
• Moore , K. A. , Vandivere , S. and Ehrle , J. 2000 . Turbulence and child well-being , Washington, DC : Urban Institute & Child Trends . (Series B, No. B-16).
   Google Scholar
• Mulroy , E. A. and Austin , M. J. 2004 . Towards a comprehensive framework for understanding the social environment: In search of theory for practice. . Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment , 10 ( 3 ) : 25 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Patterson , G. R. , Reid , J. B. and Dishion , T. J. 1992 . Antisocial boys. , Eugene, OR : Castalia .
   Google Scholar
• Polit , D. , Widom , R. , Edin , K. , Bowie , S. , London , A. Scott , E. 2001 . Is work enough? The experiences of current and former welfare mothers who work , New York : Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation . (The Project on Devolution and Urban Change)
   Google Scholar
• Quane , J. , Rankin , B. and Joshi , P. 2002 . Housing assistance, housing costs, and welfare reform (Policy Brief No. 02-4). Welfare, children, & families: A three-city study , Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins University .
   Google Scholar
• Rutter , M. , Champion , L. , Quinton , D. , Maughan , B. and Pickles , A. 1995 . “ Understanding individual differences in environmental risk exposure ” . In The life course paradigm: Social change and individual development , Edited by: Elder , G. H. 61 – 93 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Sherman , A. 1997 . Poverty matters: The cost of child poverty in America , Washington, DC : Children's Defense Fund .
   Google Scholar
• Stone , S. I. , Berzin , S. , Taylor , S. and Austin , M. J. in press . “ Human behavior and the social environment: Exploring conceptual foundations. ” . In Human behavior in the social environment Edited by: Thyer , B. A. vol. 2
   Google Scholar
• Tumlin , K. C. and Zimmerman , W. 2003 . Immigrants and TANF. , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Urban Institute. 2002 . Non-citizen benefits during first 5 years. , Washington, DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Urban Institute. 2005 . How did the 2001 recession affect single mothers? , Washington, DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Wang , M. and Holohan , J. 2003 . The decline in Medicaid use by non-citizens since welfare reform. , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Wemmerus , N. , Kuhns , C. and Loeffler , R. 2003 . Experiences of Virginia time limit families after case closure: 18-month follow-up with cases closed in early 1998, 1999, and 2000. , Princeton, NJ : Mathematica Policy Research, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Zedlewski , S. 1999 . Work-related activities and limitations of current welfare recipients , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Zedlewski , S. 2001 . Former welfare families continue to leave the food stamp program , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute . (Assessing the New Federalism Discussion Paper No. 01-05)
   Google Scholar
• Zedlewski , S. 2002a . Half of welfare recipients without barriers are working. , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Zedlewski , S. 2002b . The Importance of housing benefits to welfare success , Washington, DC : Center on Urban & Metropolitan Policy and The Urban Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Zedlewski , S. 2004a . Recent trends in food stamp participation. , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Zedlewski , S. 2004b . Recent trends in food stamp participation among poor families with children. , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Zedlewski , S. , Nelson , S. , Edin , K. , Koball , H. , Pomper , K. and Roberts , T. 2003 . Families coping without earnings or government cash assistance. , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute .
   Google Scholar