Measurement of Physical Fitness and Physical Activity: Fifty Years of Change

REFERENCES

• Ainsworth , B. E. , Haskell , W. L. , Leon , A. S. , Jacobs , D. R. Jr. , Montoye , H. J. Sallis , J. F. 1993 . Compendium of physical activities: Classification of energy costs of human physical activities . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 25 : 71 – 80 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ainsworth , B. E. , Haskell , W. L. , Whitt , M. C. , Irwin , M. L. , Swartz , A. M. Strath , S. J. 2000 . Compendium of physical activities: An update of activity codes and MET intensities . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 32 : S498 – S504 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) . 1976 . AAHPERD youth fitness test manual , Reston, VA : Author . Revised 1976
   Google Scholar
• American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) . 1980 . Health related fitness test , Reston, VA : Author .
   Google Scholar
• American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) . 1984 . Health related physical fitness technical manual , Reston, VA : Author .
   Google Scholar
• American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) . 1988 . Physical best , Reston, VA : Author .
   Google Scholar
• American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation (AAHPER) . 1958 . AAHPER youth fitness test manual , Washington, DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation (AAHPER) . 1965 . AAHPER youth fitness test manual , Washington, DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• American Health and Fitness Foundation . 1986 . Fit youth today , Austin, TX : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Blair , S. N. , Kohl , H. W. III , Paffenbarger , R. S. Jr. , Clark , D. G. , Cooper , K. H. and Gibbons , L. W. 1989 . Physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy men and women . Journal of the American Medical Association , 262 : 2395 – 2401 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research . 1988 . FITNESSGRAM® , Dallas, TX : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , A. S. 2006 . The evolution and validity of health-related fitness . Quest , 58 : 160 – 175 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , A. W. , Morrow , J. R. Jr. , Bowles , H. R. , FitzGerald , S. J. and Blair , S. N. 2007 . Construct validity evidence for single-response items to estimate physical activity levels in large sample studies . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 78 : 24 – 31 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs , D. R. Jr. , Ainsworth , B. E. , Hartman , T. J. and Leon , A. S. 1993 . A simultaneous evaluation of 10 commonly used physical activity questionnaires . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 25 : 81 – 91 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraus , H. and Hirschland , R. P. 1954 . Minimum muscular fitness tests in school children . Research Quarterly , 25 : 178 – 188 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Children and Youth Fitness Study (NCYFS) . 1985 . Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance , 56 ( 1 ) : 43 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• National Children and Youth Fitness Study II (NCYFS) . 1987 . Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance , 58 ( 9 ) : 49 – 96 .
   Google Scholar
• Pate , R. R. , Pratt , M. , Blair , S. N. , Haskell , W. L. , Macera , C. A. Bouchard , C. 1995 . Physical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine . Journal of the American Medical Association , 273 : 402 – 407 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pate , R. R. , Wang , C. Y. , Dowda , M. , Farrell , S. W. and O'Neill , J. R. 2006 . Cardiorespiratory fitness levels among US youth 12 to 19 years of age: Findings from the 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey . Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine , 160 : 1005 – 1012 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plowman , S. A. , Sterling , C. L. , Corbin , C. B. , Meredith , M. D. , Welk , G. J. and Morrow , J. R. Jr. 2006 . The history of FITNESSGRAM . Journal of Physical Activity and Health , 3 ( Suppl. 2 ) : S5 – S20 .
   Google Scholar
• President's Challenge. (2003). http://www.presidentschallenge.org (Accessed: 9 April 2007 ).
   Google Scholar
• President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports (PCPFS) . 1986 . National school population fitness survey , Ann Arbor, MI : University of Michigan .
   Google Scholar
• Rikli , R. E. and Jones , C. J. 1999a . Development and validation of a functional fitness test for community-residing older adults . Journal of Aging and Physical Activity , 7 : 129 – 161 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rikli , R. E. and Jones , C. J. 1999b . Functional fitness normative scores for community-residing older adults, ages 60–94 . Journal of Aging and Physical Activity , 7 : 162 – 181 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Texas Governor's Commission on Physical Fitness . 1973 . Texas physical fitness—motor ability test , Austin, TX : Author .
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . 1996 . Physical activity and health: A report of the Surgeon General , Atlanta : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion .
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . 2000 . Healthy People 2010: Understanding and improving health , 2nd , Washington, DC : U.S. Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Washburn , R. A. , Heath , G. W. and Jackson , A. W. 2000 . Reliability and validity issues concerning large-scale surveillance of physical activity . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 71 : S104 – S113 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar