REFERENCES
- Beckman, L., Hagquist, C., & Hellström, L. (2013). Discrepant gender patterns for cyberbullying and traditional bullying: An analysis of Swedish adolescent data. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 1896–1903. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.03.010
- Campbell, M. A. (2005). Cyber bullying: An old problem in a new guise? Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 15, 68–76. doi:10.1375/ajgc.15.1.68
- Craig, W., Harel-Fisch, Y., Fogel-Grinvald, H., Dostaler, S., Hetland, J., Simons-Morton, B., … the HBSC Bullying Writing Group. (2009). A cross-national profile of bullying and victimization among adolescents in 40 countries. International Journal of Public Health, 54, 216–224. doi:10.1007/s00038-009-5413-9
- Dooley, J. J., Pyzalski, J., & Cross, D. (2009). Cyberbullying versus face-to-face bullying: A theoretical and conceptual review. Journal of Psychology, 217, 182–188.
- Erdur-Baker, O. (2010). Cyberbullying and its correlation to traditional bullying, gender and frequent and risky usage of internet mediated communication tools. New Media & Society, 12, 109–125. doi:10.1177/1461444809341260
- Heiman, T., Olenik-Shemesh, D., & Eden, S. (2014). Aggressive behavior and vulnerability on the Internet: Characteristics, patterns, risk and protective factors among children and adolescents. Research report submitted to the Israeli Ministry of Education. Retrieved from http://cms.education.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/5B2E6358-A9D7-4F8B-83A2-E1F46CB4DF94/185400/Unnamed6.pdf
- Heirman, W., & Walrave, M. (2008). Assessing concerns and issues about the mediation of technology in cyberbullying. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 2. Retrieved from http://www.cyberpsychology.eu/view.php?cisloclanku=2008111401&article=1
- Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2008). Cyberbullying: An exploratory analysis of factors related to offending and victimization. Deviant Behavior, 29, 129–156. doi:10.1080/01639620701457816
- Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2009). Bullying beyond the schoolyard. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
- Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Examining the relationship between low empathy and bullying. Aggressive Behavior, 32, 540–550. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2337
- Katzer, C., Fetchenhauer, D., & Belschak, F. (2009). Cyberbullying: Who are the victims? A comparison of victimization in Internet chatrooms and victimization in school. Journal of Media Psychology: Theories, Methods, and Applications, 21, 25–36. doi:10.1027/1864-1105.21.1.25
- Kazdin, A. E. (1990). Childhood depression. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31, 121–160. doi:10.1111/jcpp.1990.31.issue-1
- Kokkinos, C. M. (2013). Bullying and victimization in early adolescence: Associations with attachment style and perceived parenting. Journal of School Violence, 12, 174–192. doi:10.1080/15388220.2013.766134
- Kovacs, M., & Beck, A. T. (1977). An empirical clinical approach toward a definition of childhood depression. In J. Schlterbrant & A. Raskin (Eds.), Depression in childhood: Diagnosis, treatment and conceptual models (pp. 1–25). New York, NY: Raven.
- Li, Q. (2006). Cyberbullying in schools: A research of gender differences. School Psychology International, 27, 157–170. doi:10.1177/0143034306064547
- Li, Q. (2007). Bullying in the new playground: Research into cyberbullying and cyber victimization. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 23, 435–454.
- Olenik-Shemesh, D., Heiman, T., & Eden, S. (2012). Cyberbullying victimisation in adolescence: Relationships with loneliness and depressive mood. Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties, 17, 361–374. doi:10.1080/13632752.2012.704227
- Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
- Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2006). Bullies move beyond the schoolyard: A preliminary look at cyberbullying. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 4, 148–169. doi:10.1177/1541204006286288
- Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2011). Traditional and nontraditional bullying among youth: A test of general strain theory. Youth & Society, 43, 727–751. doi:10.1177/0044118X10366951
- Popovic-Citic, B., Djuric, S., & Cvetkovic, V. (2011). The prevalence of cyberbullying among adolescents: A case study of middle schools in Serbia. School Psychology International, 32, 412–424. doi:10.1177/0143034311401700
- Raskauskas, J., & Stoltz, A. D. (2007). Involvement in traditional and electronic bullying among adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 43, 564–575. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.564
- Rolider, A., & Ochayon, M. (2005). Bystander behaviours among Israeli children witnessing bullying behaviour in school settings. Pastoral Care in Education: An International Journal of Personal, Social and Emotional Development, 23, 36–39. doi:10.1111/past.2005.23.issue-2
- Seals, D., & Young, J. (2003). Bullying and victimization: Prevalence and relationship to gender, grade level, ethnicity, self-esteem and depression. Adolescence, 38, 735–747.
- Shariff, S., & Hoff, D. L. (2007). Cyber bullying: Clarifying legal boundaries for school supervision in cyberspace. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 1, 76–118. Retrieved from http://ccrimejournal.brinkster.net/Shaheen&Hoffijcc.htm
- Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 376–385. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x
- Steffgen, G., König, A., Pfetsch, J., & Melzer, A. (2011). Are cyberbullies less empathic? Adolescents’ cyberbullying behavior and empathic responsiveness. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14, 643–648. doi:10.1089/cyber.2010.0445
- Tokunaga, R. S. (2010). Following you home from school: A critical review and synthesis of research on cyberbullying victimization. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 277–287. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2009.11.014
- Topcu, C., & Erdur-Baker, O. (2012). Affective and cognitive empathy as mediators of gender differences in cyber and traditional bullying. School Psychology International, 33, 550–561. doi:10.1177/0143034312446882
- Vandebosch, H., & Van Cleemput, K. (2009). Cyberbullying among youngsters: Profiles of bullies and victims. New Media & Society, 11, 1349–1371. doi:10.1177/1461444809341263
- Wang, J., Nansel, T. R., & Iannotti, R. J. (2011). Cyber and traditional bullying: Differential association with depression. Journal of Adolescent Health, 48, 415–417. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.07.012
- Williams, G. A., & Asher, S. R. (1990, April). Loneliness among mildly mentally retarded students. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, Boston, MA.
- Williams, K., & Guerra, N. (2007). Prevalence and predictors of Internet bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S14–S21. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.08.018
- Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2004). Online aggressor/targets, aggressors, and targets: A comparison of associated youth characteristics. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 1308–1316. doi:10.1111/jcpp.2004.45.issue-7
- Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 30–41. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2