Hazard characterization of silver nanoparticles for human exposure routes

References

• Ahamed, M.; AlSalhi, M. S.; Siddiqui, M. K. J. Silver Nanoparticle Applications and Human Health. Clin. Chim. Acta 2010, 411, 1841–1848. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.08.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vance, M. E.; Kuiken, T.; Vejerano, E. P.; McGinnis, S. P.; Hochella, M. F.; Rejeski, D.; Hull, M. S. Nanotechnology in the Real World: Redeveloping the Nanomaterial Consumer Products Inventory. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1769–1780. DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondarenko, O.; Juganson, K.; Ivask, A.; Kasemets, K.; Mortimer, M.; Kahru, A. Toxicity of Ag, CuO and ZnO Nanoparticles to Selected Environmentally Relevant Test Organisms and Mammalian Cells in Vitro: A Critical Review. Arch. Toxicol. 2013, 87, 1181–1200. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1079-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices; ACGIH, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Fehaid, A.; Haamed, M. F.; Abouelmagd, M. M.; Taniguchi, A. Time-Dependent Toxic Effect and Distribution of Silver Nanoparticles Compared to Silver Nitrate after Intratracheal Instillation in Rats. Am. J. Nanomater 2016, 4, 12–19. DOI: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alaa_Ahmed34/publication/312617744_Time-dependent_Toxic_Effect_and_Distribution_of_Silver_Nanoparticles_Compared_to_Silver_Nitrate_after_Intratracheal_Instillation_in_Rats_Time-dependent_Toxic_Effect_and_Distribution_o.
   Google Scholar
• De Matteis, V.; Malvindi, M. A.; Galeone, A.; Brunetti, V.; De Luca, E.; Kote, S.; Kshirsagar, P.; Sabella, S.; Bardi, G.; Pompa, P. P. Negligible Particle-Specific Toxicity Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles: The Role of Ag + Ion Release in the Cytosol. Nanomed Nanotechnol. Biol. Med. 2015, 11, 731–739. DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.11.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falconer, J. L.; Grainger, D. W. In Vivo Comparisons of Silver Nanoparticle and Silver Ion Transport after Intranasal Delivery in Mice. J. Control. Release 2018, 269, 1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.10.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boudreau, M. D.; Imam, M. S.; Paredes, A. M.; Bryant, M. S.; Cunningham, C. K.; Felton, R. P.; Jones, M. Y.; Davis, K. J.; Olson, G. R. Differential Effects of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Ions on Tissue Accumulation, Distribution, and Toxicity in the Sprague Dawley Rat following Daily Oral Gavage Administration for 13 Weeks. Toxicol. Sci. 2016, 150, 131–160. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morishita, Y.; Yoshioka, Y.; Takimura, Y.; Shimizu, Y.; Namba, Y.; Nojiri, N.; Ishizaka, T.; Takao, K.; Yamashita, F.; Takuma, K.; et al. Distribution of Silver Nanoparticles to Breast Milk and Their Biological Effects on Breast-Fed Offspring Mice. ACS Nano 2016, 10, 8180–8191. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, C.; Yin, N.; Wen, R.; Liu, W.; Jia, Y.; Hu, L.; Zhou, Q.; Jiang, G. Silver Nanoparticles Induced Neurotoxicity through Oxidative Stress in Rat Cerebral Astrocytes is Distinct from the Effects of Silver Ions. Neurotoxicology 2016, 52, 210–221. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.09.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nallanthighal, S.; Chan, C.; Bharali, D. J.; Mousa, S. A.; Vásquez, E.; Reliene, R. Particle Coatings but Not Silver Ions Mediate Genotoxicity of Ingested Silver Nanoparticles in a Mouse Model. NanoImpact 2017, 5, 92–100. DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2017.01.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charehsaz, M.; Hougaard, K. S.; Sipahi, H.; Ekici, A. I. D.; Kaspar, Ç.; Culha, M.; Bucurgat, Ü. Ü.; Aydin, A. Effects of Developmental Exposure to Silver in Ionic and Nanoparticle Form: A Study in Rats. Daru J. 2016, 24, 24. DOI: 10.1186/s40199-016-0162-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, T.; Pokhrel, L. R.; Dubey, B.; Tolaymat, T. M.; Maier, K. J.; Liu, X. Particle Size, Surface Charge and Concentration Dependent Ecotoxicity of Three Organo-Coated Silver Nanoparticles: Comparison between General Linear Model-Predicted and Observed Toxicity. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 468–469, 968–976. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navarro, E.; Piccapietra, F.; Wagner, B.; Marconi, F.; Kaegi, R.; Odzak, N.; Sigg, L.; Behra, R. Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42, 8959–8964. DOI: 10.1021/es801785m.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REACH. 2018. Nanomaterials - European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/reach/nanomaterials_en. (accessed 1 October 2018).
   Google Scholar
• Yang, Y.; Qin, Z.; Zeng, W.; Yang, T.; Cao, Y.; Mei, C.; Kuang, Y. Toxicity Assessment of Nanoparticles in Various Systems and Organs. Nanotechnol. Rev. 2017, 6(3), 279-289. DOI: https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/ntrev.2017.6.issue-3/ntrev-2016-0047/ntrev-2016-0047.xml.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, Y.; Chen, X.; Yang, K.; Lin, D. Distinct Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Nitrate to Daphnia Magna in M4 Medium and Surface Water. Sci. Total Environ. 2018, 618, 838–846. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panyala, N. R.; Peña-Méndez, E. M.; Havel, J. Silver or Silver Nanoparticles: A Hazardous Threat to the Environment and Human Health? J. Appl. Biomed. 2008, 6, 117–129. DOI: https://hero.epa.gov/hero/index.cfm/reference/details/reference_id/195554. DOI: 10.32725/jab.2008.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Exbrayat, J.-M.; Moudilou, E. N.; Lapied, E. Harmful Effects of Nanoparticles on Animals. J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 2015, 1–10. DOI: 10.1155/2015/861092.
   Google Scholar
• Korani, M.; Ghazizadeh, E.; Korani, S.; Hami, Z.; Mohammadi-Bardbori, A. Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Human Health. Eur. J. Nanomedicine 2015, 7(1), 51–62. DOI: 10.1515/ejnm-2014-0032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nair, A. B.; Jacob, S. A Simple Practice Guide for Dose Conversion between Animals and Human. J. Basic Clin. Pharma. 2016, 7, 27–31. DOI: 10.4103/0976-0105.177703.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• OECD. OECD Preliminary Review of OECD Test Guidelines for Their Applicability to Manufactured Nanomaterials; OECD Publishing: Paris, France, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. Test No. 413: Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-Day Study; OECD Publishing: Paris, France, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Furchner, J. E.; Richmond, C. R.; Drake, G. A. Comparative Metabolism of Radionuclides in mammals-IV. Retention of Silver-110m in the Mouse, Rat, Monkey, and Dog. Health Phys. 1968, 15, 505–514. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4972147. DOI: 10.1097/00004032-196812000-00005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• East, B. W.; Boddy, K.; Williams, E. D.; Macintyre, D.; Mclay, A. L. Silver Retention, Total Body Silver and Tissue Silver Concentrations in Argyria Associated with Exposure to an anti-Smoking Remedy Containing Silver Acetate. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 1980, 5, 305–311. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7438526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadrup, N.; Lam, H. R. Oral Toxicity of Silver Ions, Silver Nanoparticles and Colloidal Silver – a Review. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2014, 68, 1–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.11.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loeschner, K.; Hadrup, N.; Qvortrup, K.; Larsen, A.; Gao, X.; Vogel, U.; Mortensen, A.; Lam, H. R.; Larsen, E. H. Distribution of Silver in Rats following 28 Days of Repeated Oral Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles or Silver Acetate. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2011, 8, 18. DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-8-18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Zande, M.; Vandebriel, R. J.; Van Doren, E.; Kramer, E.; Herrera Rivera, Z.; Serrano-Rojero, C. S.; Gremmer, E. R.; Mast, J.; Peters, R. J. B.; Hollman, P. C. H.; et al. Distribution, Elimination, and Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Ions in Rats after 28-Day Oral Exposure. ACS Nano 2012, 6, 7427–7442. DOI: 10.1021/nn302649p.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys, S. D.; Routledge, P. A. The Toxicology of Silver Nitrate. Adverse Drug React. Toxicol. Rev. 1998, 17, 115–143. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9838969.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yang, L.; Kuang, H.; Zhang, W.; Aguilar, Z. P.; Wei, H.; Xu, H. Comparisons of the Biodistribution and Toxicological Examinations after Repeated Intravenous Administration of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles in Mice. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7, 3303. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03015-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian, J.; Wong, K. K. Y.; Ho, C.; Lok, C.; Yu, W.; Che, C.; Chiu, J.; Tam, P. K. H. Topical Delivery of Silver Nanoparticles Promotes Wound Healing. ChemMedChem 2007, 2, 129–136. DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, X.; Lee, P.; Ho, C.; Lui, V. C. H.; Chen, Y.; Che, C.; Tam, P. K. H.; Wong, K. K. Y. Silver Nanoparticles Mediate Differential Responses in Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts during Skin Wound Healing. ChemMedChem 2010, 5, 468–475. DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambrožová, N.; Zálešák, B.; Ulrichová, J.; Čížková, K.; Galandáková, A. Low Concentrations of Silver Nanoparticles Have a Beneficial Effect on Wound Healing in Vitro. J. Nanoparticle Res. 2017, 19, 108. DOI: 10.1007/s11051-017-3809-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia, T.; Lafuente, D.; Blanco, J.; Sánchez, D. J.; Sirvent, J. J.; Domingo, J. L.; Gómez, M. Oral Subchronic Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles in Rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2016, 92, 177–187. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.04.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y. S.; Kim, J. S.; Cho, H. S.; Rha, D. S.; Kim, J. M.; Park, J. D.; Choi, B. S.; Lim, R.; Chang, H. K.; Chung, Y. H.; et al. Twenty-Eight-Day Oral Toxicity, Genotoxicity, and Gender-Related Tissue Distribution of Silver Nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Inhal. Toxicol. 2008, 20, 575–583. DOI: 10.1080/08958370701874663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, E. J.; Bae, E.; Yi, J.; Kim, Y.; Choi, K.; Lee, S. H.; Yoon, J.; Lee, B. C.; Park, K. Repeated-Dose Toxicity and Inflammatory Responses in Mice by Oral Administration of Silver Nanoparticles. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2010, 30, 162–168. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2010.05.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, J.; Yu, C.; Tan, Y.; Hou, Z.; Li, M.; Shao, F.; Lu, X. Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles on Spatial Cognition and Hippocampal Neurodevelopment in Rats. Environ. Res. 2015, 138, 67–73. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.01.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fatemi, M.; Moshtaghian, J.; Ghaedi, K.; Jafari Dinani, N.; Naderi, G. Effects of Silver Nanoparticle on the Developing Liver of Rat Pups after Maternal Exposure. Iran. J. Pharm. Res. IJPR 2017, 16, 685–693. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28979323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melnik, E. A.; Buzulukov, Y. P.; Demin, V. F.; Demin, V. A.; Gmoshinski, I. V.; Tyshko, N. V.; Tutelyan, V. A. Transfer of Silver Nanoparticles through the Placenta and Breast Milk during in Vivo Experiments on Rats. Acta Naturae 2013, 5, 107–115. DOI: 10.32607/20758251-2013-5-3-107-115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiemann, M.; Vennemann, A.; Blaske, F.; Sperling, M.; Karst, U.; Wiemann, M.; Vennemann, A.; Blaske, F.; Sperling, M.; Karst, U. Silver Nanoparticles in the Lung: Toxic Effects and Focal Accumulation of Silver in Remote Organs. Nanomaterials 2017, 7, 441. DOI: 10.3390/nano7120441.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. S.; Sung, J. H.; Song, K. S.; Dong, M. S.; Lee, J. H.; Song, N. W.; Ji, J. H.; Ahn, K.; Kim, T. G.; Kim, E.; Yu, I. J. Toxicogenomic Analysis for Livers from Sprague-Daley Rats following 12-Week Inhalation Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles. Nanomedicine Res. J. 2016, 3, 00058. DOI: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tae_Gyu_Kim/publication/316187137_Toxicogenomic_Analysis_for_Livers_from_Sprague-Daley_Rats_Following_12-Week_Inhalation_Exposure_to_Silver_Nanoparticles/links/58f599f2a6fdcc11e56a0071/Toxicogenomic-Analysis-for-Livers.
   Google Scholar
• Arai, Y.; Miyayama, T.; Hirano, S. Difference in the Toxicity Mechanism between Ion and Nanoparticle Forms of Silver in the Mouse Lung and in Macrophages. Toxicology 2015, 328, 84–92. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.12.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, D. S.; Silva, R. M.; Lee, D.; Edwards, P. C.; Sharmah, A.; Guo, T.; Pinkerton, K. E.; Van Winkle, L. S. Persistence of Silver Nanoparticles in the Rat Lung: Influence of Dose, Size, and Chemical Composition. Nanotoxicology 2015, 9, 591–602. DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.958116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smulders, S.; Larue, C.; Sarret, G.; Castillo-Michel, H.; Vanoirbeek, J.; Hoet, P. H. M. Lung Distribution, Quantification, co-Localization and Speciation of Silver Nanoparticles after Lung Exposure in Mice. Toxicol. Lett. 2015, 238, 1–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.07.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davenport, L. L.; Hsieh, H.; Eppert, B. L.; Carreira, V. S.; Krishan, M.; Ingle, T.; Howard, P. C.; Williams, M. T.; Vorhees, C. V.; Genter, M. B. Systemic and Behavioral Effects of Intranasal Administration of Silver Nanoparticles. Neurotoxicol. Teratol. 2015, 51, 68–76. DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.08.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genter, M. B.; Newman, N. C.; Shertzer, H. G.; Ali, S. F.; Bolon, B. Distribution and Systemic Effects of Intranasally Administered 25 nm Silver Nanoparticles in Adult Mice. Toxicol. Pathol. 2012, 40, 1004–1013. DOI: 10.1177/0192623312444470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarak, I.; Carrola, J.; Barros, A. S.; Gil, A. M.; Pereira, M.; de, L.; Corvo, M. L.; Duarte, I. F. From the Cover: Metabolism Modulation in Different Organs by Silver Nanoparticles: An NMR Metabolomics Study of a Mouse Model. Toxicol. Sci. 2017, 159, 422–435. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pang, C.; Brunelli, A.; Zhu, C.; Hristozov, D.; Liu, Y.; Semenzin, E.; Wang, W.; Tao, W.; Liang, J.; Marcomini, A.; et al. Demonstrating Approaches to Chemically modify the surface of Ag Nanoparticles in Order to Influence Their Cytotoxicity and Biodistribution after Single Dose Acute Intravenous Administration. Nanotoxicology 2015, 1–11. DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1024295.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin, C. A.; Hinkley, G. K.; Mishra, A. R.; Zhang, Q.; Umbreit, T. H.; Betz, M. W.; E. Wildt, B.; Casey, B. J.; Francke-Carroll, S.; Hussain, S. M.; et al. Distribution and Accumulation of 10 nm Silver Nanoparticles in Maternal Tissues and Visceral Yolk Sac of Pregnant Mice, and a Potential Effect on Embryo Growth. Nanotoxicology 2016, 10, 654–661. DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1107143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, R.; Zhao, L.; Bai, R.; Liu, Y.; Han, L.; Xu, Z.; Chen, F.; Autrup, H.; Long, D.; Chen, C. Silver Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stresses in Mouse Tissues: implications for the Development of Acute Toxicity after Intravenous Administration. Toxicol. Res. 2016, 5, 602–608. DOI: 10.1039/C5TX00464K.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang, J.; Xiong, L.; Wang, S.; Wang, J.; Liu, L.; Li, J.; Wan, Z.; Xi, T. Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on Neurons and Blood-Brain Barrier via Subcutaneous Injection in Rats. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2008, 255, 502–504. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.06.058.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Recordati, C.; De Maglie, M.; Bianchessi, S.; Argentiere, S.; Cella, C.; Mattiello, S.; Cubadda, F.; Aureli, F.; D’Amato, M.; Raggi, A.; et al. Tissue Distribution and Acute Toxicity of Silver after Single Intravenous Administration in Mice: nano-Specific and Size-Dependent Effects. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2015, 13, 12. DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0124-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngamchuea, K.; Batchelor-McAuley, C.; Compton, R. G. The Fate of Silver Nanoparticles in Authentic Human Saliva. Nanotoxicology 2018, 12, 305–311. DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1438680.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gherkhbolagh, M. H.; Alizadeh, Z.; Asari, M. J.; Sohrabi, M. In Vivo Induced Nephrotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Rat after Oral Administration. J. Res. Med. Dent. Sci. 2018, 6, 43–51. DOI: 10.24896/jrmds.2018619.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, K.; Milner, J.; Boudreau, M. D.; Gokulan, K.; Cerniglia, C. E.; Khare, S. Effects of Subchronic Exposure of Silver Nanoparticles on Intestinal Microbiota and Gut-Associated Immune Responses in the Ileum of Sprague-Dawley Rats. Nanotoxicology 2015, 9(3), 279–289. DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.921346.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y. S.; Song, M. Y.; Park, J. D.; Song, K. S.; Ryu, H. R.; Chung, Y. H.; Chang, H. K.; Lee, J. H.; Oh, K. H.; Kelman, B. J.; et al. Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2010, 7, 20. DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-7-20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, W. Y.; Kim, J.; Park, J. D.; Ryu, H. Y.; Yu, I. J. Histological Study of Gender Differences in Accumulation of Silver Nanoparticles in Kidneys of Fischer 344 Rats. J. Toxicol. Environ. Heal. Part A. 2009, 72, 1279–1284. DOI: 10.1080/15287390903212287.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, C. S. Methods of Calculating Lung Delivery and Deposition of Aerosol Particles. Respir. Care. 2000, 45, 695–711. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10894462.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sung, J. H.; Ji, J. H.; Yoon, J. U.; Kim, D. S.; Song, M. Y.; Jeong, J.; Han, B. S.; Han, J. H.; Chung, Y. H.; Kim, J.; et al. Lung Function Changes in Sprague-Dawley Rats after Prolonged Inhalation Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles. Inhal. Toxicol. 2008, 20, 567–574. DOI: 10.1080/08958370701874671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braakhuis, H. M.; Oomen, A. G.; Cassee, F. R. Grouping Nanomaterials to Predict Their Potential to Induce Pulmonary Inflammation. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2016, 299, 3–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.11.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, D. S.; Patchin, E. S.; Silva, R. M.; Uyeminami, D. L.; Sharmah, A.; Guo, T.; Das, G. K.; Brown, J. M.; Shannahan, J.; Gordon, T.; et al. Influence of Particle Size on Persistence and Clearance of Aerosolized Silver Nanoparticles in the Rat Lung. Toxicological Sciences 2015, 144, 366–381. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfv005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tak, Y. K.; Pal, S.; Naoghare, P. K.; Rangasamy, S.; Song, J. M. Shape-Dependent Skin Penetration of Silver Nanoparticles: Does It Really Matter? Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 16908. DOI: 10.1038/srep16908.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korani, M.; Rezayat, S. M.; Arbabi Bidgoli, S. Sub-chronic Dermal Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Guinea Pig: Special Emphasis to Heart, Bone and Kidney Toxicities . Iran. J. Pharm. Res. IJPR. 2013, 12, 511–519. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24250657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wijnhoven, S. W. P.; Peijnenburg, W. J. G. M.; Herberts, C. A.; Hagens, W. I.; Oomen, A. G.; Heugens, E. H. W.; Roszek, B.; Bisschops, J.; Gosens, I.; Van De Meent, D.; et al. Nano-Silver – a Review of Available Data and Knowledge Gaps in Human and Environmental Risk Assessment. Nanotoxicology 2009, 3, 109–138. DOI: 10.1080/17435390902725914.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patlolla, A. K.; Hackett, D.; Tchounwou, P. B. Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Oxidative Stress-Dependent Toxicity in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 2015, 399, 257–268. DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2252-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heydrnejad, M. S.; Samani, R. J.; Aghaeivanda, S. Toxic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Liver and Some Hematological Parameters in Male and Female Mice (Mus musculus). Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 2015, 165, 153–158. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0247-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrivastava, R.; Kushwaha, P.; Bhutia, Y. C.; Flora, S. Oxidative Stress following Exposure to Silver and Gold Nanoparticles in Mice. Toxicol. Ind. Health 2016, 32, 1391–1404. DOI: 10.1177/0748233714562623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, J.; Dong, W.; Liu, R.; Wang, Y.; Li, Y. Research on the Hepatotoxicity Mechanism of Citrate-Modified Silver Nanoparticles Based on Metabolomics and Proteomics. Nanotoxicology 2018, 12, 18–31. DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1415389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iyiola, O. A.; Olafimihan, T. F.; Sulaiman, F. A.; Anifowoshe, A. T.; Iyiola, O. A.; Olafimihan, T. F.; Sulaiman, F. A.; Anifowoshe, A. T. Genotoxicity and Histopathological Assessment of Silver Nanoparticles in Swiss Albino Mice. UNED Res. J. 2018, 10, 102–109. DOI: 10.22458/urj.v10i1.2008.
   Google Scholar
• El Mahdy, M. M.; Eldin, T. A. S.; Aly, H. S.; Mohammed, F. F.; Shaalan, M. I. Evaluation of Hepatotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Silver Nanoparticles in Albino Rats. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 2015, 67, 21–29. DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.09.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teodoro, J. S.; Silva, R.; Varela, A. T.; Duarte, F. V.; Rolo, A. P.; Hussain, S.; Palmeira, C. M. Low-Dose, Subchronic Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles Causes Mitochondrial Alterations in Sprague–Dawley Rats. Nanomedicine 2016, 11, 1359–1375. DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sung, J. H.; Ji, J. H.; Song, K. S.; Lee, J. H.; Choi, K. H.; Lee, S. H.; Yu, I. J. Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles. Toxicol. Ind. Health. 2011, 27, 149–154. DOI: 10.1177/0748233710382540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiwari, R.; Singh, R. D.; Khan, H.; Gangopadhyay, S.; Mittal, S.; Singh, V.; Arjaria, N.; Shankar, J.; Roy, S. K.; Singh, D.; Srivastava, V. Oral Subchronic Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles Causes Renal Damage through Apoptotic Impairment and Necrotic Cell Death. Nanotoxicology 2017, 11, 671–686. DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1343874.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong, M. S.; Choi, J.-Y.; Sung, J. H.; Kim, J. S.; Song, K. S.; Ryu, H. R.; Lee, J. H.; Bang, I. S.; An, K.; Park, H. M.; et al. Gene Expression Profiling of Kidneys from Sprague–Dawley Rats following 12-Week Inhalation Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles. Toxicol. Mech. Methods 2013, 23, 437–448. DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2013.780196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heydrnejad, M.; Samani, R. Sex Differential Influence of Acute Orally-Administered Silver Nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on Some Biochemical Parameters in Kidney of Mice Mus musculus. J. Nanomed. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 382. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7439.1000382.
   Google Scholar
• Song, K. S.; Sung, J. H.; Ji, J. H.; Lee, J. H.; Lee, J. S.; Ryu, H. R.; Lee, J. K.; Chung, Y. H.; Park, H. M.; Shin, B. S.; et al. Recovery from Silver-Nanoparticle-Exposure-Induced Lung Inflammation and Lung Function Changes in Sprague Dawley Rats. Nanotoxicology 2013, 7, 169–180. DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2011.648223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braakhuis, H. M.; Gosens, I.; Krystek, P.; Boere, J. A. F.; Cassee, F. R.; Fokkens, P. H. B.; Post, J. A.; van Loveren, H.; Park, M. V. D. Z. Particle Size Dependent Deposition and Pulmonary Inflammation after Short-Term Inhalation of Silver Nanoparticles. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2014, 11, 49. DOI:. DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0049-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alessandrini, F.; Vennemann, A.; Gschwendtner, S.; Neumann, A. U.; Rothballer, M.; Seher, T.; Wimmer, M.; Kublik, S.; Traidl-Hoffmann, C.; Schloter, M.; et al. Pro-Inflammatory versus Immunomodulatory Effects of Silver Nanoparticles in the Lung: The Critical Role of Dose, Size and Surface Modification. Nanomaterials 2017, 7, 300. DOI: 10.3390/nano7100300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, E. J.; Choi, K.; Park, K. Induction of Inflammatory Responses and Gene Expression by Intratracheal Instillation of Silver Nanoparticles in Mice. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2011, 34, 299–307. DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0216-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seiffert, J.; Hussain, F.; Wiegman, C.; Li, F.; Bey, L.; Baker, W.; Porter, A.; Ryan, M. P.; Chang, Y.; Gow, A.; et al. Pulmonary Toxicity of Instilled Silver Nanoparticles: Influence of Size, Coating and Rat Strain. PLoS One 2015, 10, e0119726. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scoville, D. K.; Botta, D.; Galdanes, K.; Schmuck, S. C.; White, C. C.; Stapleton, P. L.; Bammler, T. K.; MacDonald, J. W.; Altemeier, W. A.; Hernandez, M.; et al. Genetic Determinants of Susceptibility to Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation in Mice. FASEB J. 2017, 31, 4600–4611. DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700187R.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OECD. Test No. 412: Subacute Inhalation Toxicity: 28-Day Study, OECD Publishing: Paris, France, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Ji, J. H.; Jung, J. H.; Kim, S. S.; Yoon, J. U.; Park, J. D.; Choi, B. S.; Chung, Y. H.; Kwon, I. H.; Jeong, J.; Han, B. S.; et al. Twenty-Eight-Day Inhalation Toxicity Study of Silver Nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Inhal. Toxicol. 2007, 19, 857–871. DOI: 10.1080/08958370701432108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H.; Zhao, R.; Wang, B.; Cai, C.; Zheng, L.; Wang, H.; Wang, M.; Ouyang, H.; Zhou, X.; Chai, Z.; et al. The Effects of Orally Administered Ag, TiO2 and SiO2 Nanoparticles on Gut Microbiota Composition and Colitis Induction in Mice. NanoImpact. 2017, 8, 80–88. DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2017.07.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Javurek, A. B.; Suresh, D.; Spollen, W. G.; Hart, M. L.; Hansen, S. A.; Ellersieck, M. R.; Bivens, N. J.; Givan, S. A.; Upendran, A.; Kannan, R.; Rosenfeld, C. S. Gut Dysbiosis and Neurobehavioral Alterations in Rats Exposed to Silver Nanoparticles. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7, 2822. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02880-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Brule, S.; Ambroise, J.; Lecloux, H.; Levard, C.; Soulas, R.; De Temmerman, P. J.; Palmai-Pallag, M.; Marbaix, E.; Lison, D. Dietary Silver Nanoparticles Can Disturb the Gut Microbiota in Mice. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2016, 13, 38. DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0149-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vazquez-Muñoz, R.; Borrego, B.; Juárez-Moreno, K.; García-García, M.; Mota Morales, J. D.; Bogdanchikova, N.; Huerta-Saquero, A. Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Biological Systems: Does the Complexity of Biological Systems Matter? Toxicol. Lett. 2017, 276, 11–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.05.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rathore, M.; Mohanty, I. R.; Maheswari, U.; Dayal, N.; Suman, R.; Joshi, D. S. Comparative in Vivo Assessment of the Subacute Toxicity of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles. J. Nanoparticle Res. 2014, 16, 2338. DOI: 10.1007/s11051-014-2338-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebabe Elle, R.; Gaillet, S.; Vidé, J.; Romain, C.; Lauret, C.; Rugani, N.; Cristol, J. P.; Rouanet, J. M. Dietary Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles in Sprague–Dawley Rats: Effects on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2013, 60, 297–301. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.071.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland, N. A.; Thompson, L. C.; Vidanapathirana, A. K.; Urankar, R. N.; Lust, R. M.; Fennell, T. R.; Wingard, C. J. Impact of Pulmonary Exposure to Gold Core Silver Nanoparticles of Different Size and Capping Agents on Cardiovascular Injury. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2015, 13, 48. DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0159-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, J. R.; McKinney, W.; Kan, H.; Krajnak, K.; Frazer, D. G.; Thomas, T. A.; Waugh, S.; Kenyon, A.; MacCuspie, R. I.; Hackley, V. A.; Castranova, V. Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Responses of Rats to Inhalation of Silver Nanoparticles. J. Toxicol. Environ. Heal. Part A. 2013, 76, 651–668. DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2013.792024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng, X.; Chen, A.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, J.; Shao, L.; Wei, L. Central Nervous System Toxicity of Metallic Nanoparticles. Int. J. Nanomedicine. 2015, 10, 4321–4340. DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S78308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strużyńska, L. The Application, Neurotoxicity, and Related Mechanisms of Silver Nanoparticles. In Neurotoxicity of Nanomaterials and Nanomedicine; Elsevier: Warsaw, Poland, 2017; pp 151–177.
   Google Scholar
• Ding, L.; Liu, Z.; Aggrey, M.; Li, C.; Chen, J.; Tong, L. Nanotoxicity: The Toxicity Research Progress of Metal and Metal- Containing Nanoparticles. Mrmc. 2015, 15, 529–542. DOI: https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/mrmc/2015/00000015/00000007/art00003. DOI: 10.2174/138955751507150424104334.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, I. C.; Hsiao, I. L.; Lin, H. C.; Wu, C. H.; Chuang, C. Y.; Huang, Y. J. Influence of Silver and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on in Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2016, 47, 108–118. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.09.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, H. C.; Ho, M. Y.; Tsen, C. M.; Huang, C. C.; Wu, C. C.; Huang, Y. J.; Hsiao, I. L.; Chuang, C. Y. From the Cover: Comparative Proteomics Reveals Silver Nanoparticles Alter Fatty Acid Metabolism and Amyloid Beta Clearance for Neuronal Apoptosis in a Triple Cell Coculture Model of the Blood–Brain Barrier. Toxicol. Sci. 2017, 158, 151–163. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, L.; Dan, M.; Shao, A.; Cheng, X.; Zhang, C.; Yokel, R. A.; Takemura, T.; Hanagata, N.; Niwa, M.; Watanabe, D. Silver Nanoparticles Induce Tight Junction Disruption and Astrocyte Neurotoxicity in a Rat Blood-Brain Barrier Primary Triple Coculture Model. Int. J. Nanomedicine. 2015, 10, 6105–6118. DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S85265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skalska, J.; Strużyńska, L. Toxic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles in Mammals-Does a Risk of Neurotoxicity Exist? Folia Neuropathol. 2015, 53, 281–300. DOI: http://rcin.org.pl/Content/61430/WA697_80619_C0165-2015-53-4_Folia-Neuropath_0000.pdf#page=5. DOI: 10.5114/fn.2015.56543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dan, M.; Wen, H.; Shao, A.; Xu, L. Silver Nanoparticle Exposure Induces Neurotoxicity in the Rat Hippocampus without Increasing the Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 2018, 14, 1330–1338. DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2018.2563.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghaderi, S.; Tabatabaei, S. R. F.; Varzi, H. N.; Rashno, M. Induced Adverse Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles on Neurobehavioral Development of Offspring of Mice. J. Toxicol. Sci. 2015, 40, 263–275. DOI: 10.2131/jts.40.263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagheri-Abassi, F.; Alavi, H.; Mohammadipour, A.; Motejaded, F.; Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan, A. Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A. The Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Apoptosis and Dark Neuron Production in Rat Hippocampus. Iran. J. Basic Med. Sci. 2015, 18, 644–648. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26351553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, L.; Shao, A.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, C.; Sun, Y.; Deng, J.; Chou, L. L. Neurotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Rat Brain after Intragastric Exposure. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2015, 15, 4215–4223. DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skalska, J.; Frontczak-Baniewicz, M.; Strużyńska, L. Synaptic Degeneration in Rat Brain after Prolonged Oral Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles. Neurotoxicology 2015, 46, 145–154. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.11.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dąbrowska-Bouta, B.; Zięba, M.; Orzelska-Górka, J.; Skalska, J.; Sulkowski, G.; Frontczak-Baniewicz, M.; Talarek, S.; Listos, J.; Strużyńska, L. Influence of a Low Dose of Silver Nanoparticles on Cerebral Myelin and Behavior of Adult Rats. Toxicology 2016, 363–364, 29–36. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.07.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirsattari, S. M.; Hammond, R. R.; Sharpe, M. D.; Leung, F. Y.; Young, G. B. Myoclonic Status Epilepticus following Repeated Oral Ingestion of Colloidal Silver. Neurology 2004, 62, 1408–1410. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15111684. DOI: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000120671.73335.EC.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed, S. M.; Abdelrahman, S. A.; Shalaby, S. M. Evaluating the Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Testes of Adult Albino Rats (Histological, Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study). J. Mol. Hist. 2017, 48, 9–27. DOI: 10.1007/s10735-016-9701-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathias, F. T.; Romano, R. M.; Kizys, M. M. L.; Kasamatsu, T.; Giannocco, G.; Chiamolera, M. I.; Dias-da-Silva, M. R.; Romano, M. A. Daily Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles during Prepubertal Development Decreases Adult Sperm and Reproductive Parameters. Nanotoxicology 2015, 9, 64–70. DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.889237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miresmaeili, S. M.; Halvaei, I.; Fesahat, F.; Fallah, A.; Nikonahad, N.; Taherinejad, M. Evaluating the Role of Silver Nanoparticles on Acrosomal Reaction and Spermatogenic Cells in Rat. Iran. J. Reprod. Med. 2013, 11, 423–430. DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24639775.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garcia, T. X.; Costa, G. M. J.; França, L. R.; Hofmann, M. C. Sub-Acute Intravenous Administration of Silver Nanoparticles in Male Mice Alters Leydig Cell Function and Testosterone Levels. Reprod. Toxicol. 2014, 45, 59–70. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.01.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, J. W.; Jeong, J. K.; Gurunathan, S.; Choi, Y. J.; Das, J.; Kwon, D. N.; Cho, S. G.; Park, C.; Seo, H. G.; Park, J. K.; Kim, J. H. Male- and Female-Derived Somatic and Germ Cell-Specific Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Mouse. Nanotoxicology 2016, 10, 361–373. DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1073396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vidanapathirana, A. K.; Thompson, L. C.; Herco, M.; Odom, J.; Sumner, S. J.; Fennell, T. R.; Brown, J. M.; Wingard, C. J. Acute Intravenous Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles during Pregnancy Induces Particle Size and Vehicle Dependent Changes in Vascular Tissue Contractility in Sprague Dawley Rats. Reprod. Toxicol. 2018, 75, 10–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.11.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campagnolo, L.; Massimiani, M.; Vecchione, L.; Piccirilli, D.; Toschi, N.; Magrini, A.; Bonanno, E.; Scimeca, M.; Castagnozzi, L.; Buonanno, G.; et al. Silver Nanoparticles Inhaled during Pregnancy Reach and Affect the Placenta and the Foetus. Nanotoxicology 2017, 11, 687–698. DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1343875.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philbrook, N. A.; Winn, L. M.; Afrooz, A. R. M. N.; Saleh, N. B.; Walker, V. K. The Effect of TiO2 and Ag Nanoparticles on Reproduction and Development of Drosophila melanogaster and CD-1 Mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol 2011, 257, 429–436. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.09.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovvuru, P.; Mancilla, P. E.; Shirode, A. B.; Murray, T. M.; Begley, T. J.; Reliene, R. Oral Ingestion of Silver Nanoparticles Induces Genomic Instability and DNA Damage in Multiple Tissues. Nanotoxicology 2015, 9, 162–171. DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.902520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• USFDA. Guidance for Industry Estimating the Maximum Safe Starting Dose in Initial Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Adult Healthy Volunteers. US Food and Drug Administration: Rockville; 2005.
   Google Scholar