1,384
Views
45
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

A Review of Historical Exposures to Asbestos among Skilled Craftsmen (1940–2006)

, &
Pages 319-377 | Published online: 08 Aug 2007

REFERENCES

  • American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists . 1968 . Transactions of the thirtieth annual meeting of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists , St. Louis, MO : ACGIH .
  • American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists . 1971 . Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air , 3rd , Cincinnati, OH : ACGIH .
  • Anderson , P. , Grant , M. , McInnes , R. and Farino , W. 1982 . Analysis of fiber release from certain asbestos products , Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Prepared for Chemical Control Division, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. EPA no. 68–01–5960 .
  • Ayer , H. E. , Lynch , J. R. and Fanney , J. H. 1965 . A comparison of impinger and membrane filter techniques for evaluating air samples in asbestos plants . Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , 132 : 274 – 287 .
  • Baker , E. L. , Dagg , T. and Greene , R. E. 1985 . Respiratory illness in the construction trades: I. Significance of asbestos-associated pleural disease among sheet metal workers . J. Occup. Med. , 27 : 483 – 489 .
  • Balzer , J. L. 1968 . Industrial hygiene for insulation workers . J. Occup. Med. , 10 : 25 – 31 .
  • Balzer , J. L. and Cooper , W. C. 1968 . The work environment of insulating workers . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 29 : 222 – 227 .
  • Barnes , R. 1976 . Asbestos spraying, an occupational and environmental hazard . Med. J. Aust. , 2 : 599 – 602 .
  • BCM Engineers. 1993. Test chamber studies on shipboard electrical-cable handling operations. Prepared for Gallagher & Kennedy. Prepared by BCM Engineers, Plymouth Meeting, PA, February 5. Unpublished.
  • Beckett , S. , Hey , R. , Hirst , R. , Hunt , R. , Jarvis , L. and Rickards , A. 1976 . A comparison of airborne asbestos fibre counting with and without an eyepiece graticule . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 19 : 69 – 76 .
  • Bell , A. 1976 . Industrial hygiene and occupational health studies in Australian (New South Wales) shipyards . Environ. Res. , 11 : 198 – 212 .
  • Berman , D. W. and Crump , K. S. 2003 . Technical support document for a protocol to assess asbestos-related risk , Washington, DC : Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA no. 9345–4–06 .
  • Boelter , F. , Crawford , G. and Podraza , D. 2002 . Airborne fiber exposure assessment of dry asbestos-containing gaskets and packings found in intact industrial and maritime fittings . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 63 : 732 – 740 .
  • Boelter , F. W. 2003 . Author's reply to Letter to the Editor: Asbestos exposures from gasket removal . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 64 : 595 – 597 .
  • Bonsib , R. S. 1937 . Dust producing operations in the production of petroleum products and associated activities , New York : Standard Oil Company of New Jersey .
  • Burdett , G. J. , Nagar , N. and Smith , L. 1994 . Removal of asbestos from difficult-to-access large diameter pipes: A comparison of wet removal methods . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 9 : 836 – 844 .
  • Burdorf , A. and Swuste , P. 1999 . An expert system for the evaluation of historical asbestos exposure as diagnostic criterion in asbestos-related diseases . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 43 : 57 – 66 .
  • Byrom , J. C. , Hodgson , A. A. and Holmes , S. 1969 . A dust survey carried out in buildings incorporating asbestos-based materials in their construction . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 12 : 141 – 145 .
  • Cheng , R. and McDermott , H. 1991 . Exposure to asbestos from asbestos gaskets . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 6 : 588 – 591 .
  • Cherrie , J. , Addison , J. and Dodgson , J. 1989 . Comparative studies of airborne asbestos in occupational and non-occupational environments using optical and electron microscope techniques , Edinburgh, , UK : Institute of Occupational Medicine .
  • Chrostowski , P. C. , Foster , S. A. and Anderson , E. L. 1991 . Human health risks associated with asbestos abatement . Risk Anal. , 11 : 465 – 481 .
  • Churg , A. 1998 . “ Neoplastic asbestos-induced disease ” . In Pathology of occupational lung disease , 2nd , Edited by: Churg , A. and Green , F. 339 – 391 . New York : Igaku-Shoin Medical Publishers .
  • Clayton Environmental Consultants. 1994. Industrial hygiene assessment limited to the evaluation of asbestos fibers released during wire stripping of Rockbestos cable. Prepared for Lowenstein, Sandler, Kohl, Fisher, and Boylan, by Clatyton Environmental Consultants, Edison, NJ. January 13. Unpublished.
  • Cooper , W. C. and Balzer , J. L. . Evaluation and control of asbestos exposures in the insulating trade . Proc. Int. Conf. on Asbestos . Dresden.
  • Cooper , W. C. and Miedema , J. 1973 . Asbestosis in the manufacture of insulating materials. Biological Effects of Asbestos, Proceedings of a Working Conference. Lyon, France October 2–6, 1972 . IARC Sci. Pub. , 8 : 175 – 178 .
  • Corn , M. 1994 . Airborne concentrations of asbestos in non-occupational environments . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 38 : 495 – 502 .
  • Cross , A. 1979 . What to do about the asbestos currently in ships and industry . Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , 330 : 379 – 381 .
  • Crossman , R. N. , Williams , M. G. , Lauderdale , J. , Schossek , K. and Dodson , R. F. 1996 . Quantification of fiber releases for various floor tile removal methods . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 11 : 1113 – 1124 .
  • Crump , K. and Allen , B. 1984 . Quantitative estimates of risk of leukemia from occupational exposure to benzene , Washington, DC : Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Docket H-059b, Exhibit 152 (Appendix B) .
  • Demers , R. Y. , Neale , A. V. , Robins , T. and Herman , S. C. 1990 . Asbestos-related pulmonary disease in boilermakers . Am. J. Ind. Med. , 17 : 327 – 339 .
  • Doll , R. and Peto , J. 1985 . Asbestos: Effects on health of exposure to asbestos , London : Her Majesty's Stationery Office . Prepared for Health and Safety Commission.
  • Dreessen , W. C. , Dallavalle , J. M. , Edwards , J. I. , Miller , J. W. and Sayers , R. R. 1938 . A study of asbestosis in the asbestos textile industry , Washington, DC : National Institute of Health, Division of Industrial Health. Public Health Bulletin no. 241 .
  • Drucker , E. , Nagin , D. , Michaels , D. , Lacher , M. and Zoloth , S. 1987 . Exposure of sheet-metal workers during the construction and renovation of commercial buildings in New York City . Ann. NY Acad Sci. , 502 : 230 – 244 .
  • Ferris , B. G. , Ranadive , M. V. , Peters , J. M. , Murphy , R. L. H. , Burgess , W. A. and Pendergrass , H. P. 1971 . Prevalence of chronic respiratory disease: Asbestosis in ship repair workers . Arch. Environ. Health , 23 : 220 – 225 .
  • Fischbein , A. , Rohl , A. N. , Langer , A. M. and Selikoff , I. J. 1979 . Drywall construction and asbestos exposure . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 40 : 402 – 407 .
  • Fleischer , W. E. , Viles , F. J. , Gade , R. L. and Drinker , P. 1946 . A health survey of pipe covering operations in constructing naval vessels . J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. , 28 : 9 – 16 .
  • Fontaine , J. H. and Trayer , D. M. 1975 . Asbestos control in steam-electric generating plants . Am. Ind. Hyg. J. , 36 : 126 – 130 .
  • Gibbs , G. , Baron , P. , Beckett , S. , Dillen , R. , Du Torr , R. , Koponen , M. and Robock , K. 1977 . A summary of asbestos fibre counting experience in seven countries . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 20 : 321 – 332 .
  • Gilbert , R. O. 1987 . Statistical methods for environmental pollution monitoring , New York : Van Nostrand, Reinhold .
  • Hammond , E. C. , Selikoff , I. J. and Churg , J. 1965 . Neoplasia among insulation workers in the United States with special reference to intra-abdominal neoplasia . Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , 132 : 519 – 525 .
  • Harries , P. 1968 . Asbestos hazards in naval dockyards . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 11 : 135 – 145 .
  • Harries , P. 1971a . A comparison of mass and fiber concentrations of asbestos dust in shipyard insulation processes . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 14 : 235 – 240 .
  • Harries , P. 1971b . Asbestos dust concentrations in ship repairing: A practical approach to improving asbestos hygiene in naval dockyards . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 14 : 241 – 255 .
  • Hatfield , R. 2003 . Letter to the editor: Asbestos exposures from gasket removal . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 64 : 595
  • Health Effects Institute . 1991 . Asbestos in public and commercial buildings: A literature review and synthesis of current knowledge , Cambridge, MA : HEI .
  • Hervin , R. L , Rivera , R. and Flesch , J. P. 1973 . Health hazard evaluation report for Mobil Oil Corporation. Augusta, KS , Washington, DC : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH pub. no. PC-229–514 .
  • Hisanaga , N. , Hosokawa , M. , Sakai , K. , Shibata , E. , Huang , J. , Takeuchi , Y. and Ono , Y. . Asbestos exposure among construction workers . Proc. 7th International Pneumoconioses Conference . August 23–26 1988 , Pittsburg, PA. pp. 1053 – 1058 .
  • HM Factory Inspectorate . 1973 . Probable asbestos dust concentrations at construction processes , London : Department of Employment, Her Majesty's Factory Inspectorate, HSE Guidance Note EH 35/Technical Data Note 42 .
  • Hodgson , M. J. , Parkinson , D. K. , Sabo , S. , Owens , G. R. and Feist , J. H. 1988 . Asbestosis among electricians . J. Occup. Med. , 30 : 638 – 640 .
  • Hodgson , J. T. and Darnton , A. 2000 . The quantitative risks of mesothelioma and lung cancer in relation to asbestos exposure . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 44 : 565 – 601 .
  • International Labour Office . . Safety and health in shipbuilding and ship repairing . Proc. International Symposium on Safety and Health . August30–September 2 1971 , Helsinki. pp. 1 – 236 . Geneva, , Switzerland : ILO .
  • Jones , D. R. 1981 . Technical report: Assessment of asbestos concentration on marine vessels: Maintenance and repair , Chicago : IIT Research Institute. Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce, Maritime Administration, Office of Research and Development .
  • Kaminski , R , Geissert , K. S. and Dacey , E. 1980 . Mortality analysis of plumbers and pipefitters . J. Occup. Med. , 22 : 183 – 189 .
  • Keyes , D. , Chesson , J. , Ewing , W. , Faas , J. , Hatfield , R. , Hays , S. , Longo , W. and Millette , J. 1991 . Exposure to airborne asbestos associated with simulated cable installation above a suspended ceiling . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 52 : 479 – 484 .
  • Keyes , D. L , Ewing , W. M. , Hays , S. M. , Longo , W. E. and Millette , J. R. 1994 . Baseline studies of asbestos exposure during operations and maintenance activities . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 9 : 853 – 860 .
  • Kinney , P. L. , Satterfield , M. H. and Shaikh , R. A. 1994 . Airborne fiber levels during asbestos operations and maintenance work in a large office building . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 9 : 825 – 835 .
  • Koskinen , K. , Pukkala , E. , Martikainene , R. , Reijula , K. and Kajalainen , A. 2002 . Different measures of asbestos exposure in estimating risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma among construction workers . J. Occup. Environ. Med. , 44 : 1190 – 1196 .
  • Leidel , N. A. , Busch , K. A. and Crouse , W. E. 1975 . Exposure measurement action level and occupational environmental variability , Cincinnati, OH : U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH pub. no. 76–131 .
  • Leidel , N. A. , Busch , K. A. and Lynch , J. R. 1977 . Occupational exposure sampling strategy manual , Cincinnati, OH : U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH pub. no. 77–173 .
  • Lilis , R. , Miller , A. , Godbold , J. , Benkert , S. , Wu , X. and Selikoff , I. 1992 . Comparative quantitative evaluation of pleural fibrosis and its effects on pulmonary function in two large asbestos-exposed occupational groups—Insulators and sheet metal workers . Environ. Res. , 59 : 49 – 66 .
  • Lindell , K. 1973 . “ Industrial uses of asbestos ” . In Biological effects of asbestos , 323 – 328 . Lyon, , France : IARC Sci. pub. no. 8 .
  • Liukonen , L. , Still , K. and Beckett , R. 1978 . Asbestos exposure from gasket operations , Bremerton, WA : Occupational and Environmental Health Service, Industrial Hygiene Branch. Naval Regional Medical Center .
  • Longo , W. E. , Egeland , W. B. , Hatfield , R. L. and Newton , L. R. 2002 . Fiber release during the removal of asbestos-containing gaskets: A work practice simulation . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 17 : 55 – 62 .
  • Longo , W. , Hatfield , R. and Mount , M. 2006 . Gasket fabrications: A work practice study , Atlanta, GA : Materials Analytical Services, Inc. .
  • Lynch , J. and Ayer , H. 1968 . Measurement of asbestos exposure . J. Occup. Med. , 10 : 21 – 24 .
  • Lynch , J. , Ayer , H. and Johnson , D. 1970 . The interrelationships of selected asbestos exposure indices . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 31 : 598 – 604 .
  • Made with the Trades. 2001. Apprentice and tradeperson job descriptions [online]. http://www.madewiththetrades.com
  • Mangold , C. , Becket , R. and Bessmer , D. 1968 . Asbestos exposure and pulmonary x-ray changes to pipe coverers and insulators at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard , Bremerton, WA : Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Industrial Hygiene Division Medical Department. Unpublished .
  • Mangold , C. , Beckett , R. and Bessmer , D. 1970 . Asbestos exposure and control at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard , Bremerton, WA : Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Industrial Hygiene Division Medical Department. Unpublished .
  • Mangold , C. , Clark , K. , Madl , A. and Paustenbach , D. 2006 . An exposure study of bystanders and workers during the installation and removal of asbestos gaskets and packing . J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 3 : 87 – 98 .
  • Marr , W. T. 1964 . Asbestos exposure during naval vessel overhaul . Ind. Hyg. J. , 25 : 264 – 268 .
  • Maxim Engineers . December 3 1990 . Industrial hygiene exposure dose simulation study: An evaluation of aireborne asbestos concentrations associated with asbestos-containing electrical wire-stripping operations , December 3 , Dallas, TX : Prepared for Ericsson, Inc., by Maxim Engineers . Unpublished.
  • McElvenny , D. M. , Darnton , A. J. , Price , M. J. and Hodgson , J. T. 2005 . Mesothelioma mortality in Great Britain from 1968 to 2001 . Occup. Med. , 55 : 79 – 87 .
  • McKinnery , W. N. and Moore , R. W. 1992 . Evaluation of airborne asbestos fiber levels during removal and installation of valve gaskets and packing . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 53 : 531 – 532 .
  • McMillan , G. H. G. 1983 . The health of welders in naval dockyards: The risk of asbestos-related diseases occurring in welders . J. Occup. Med. , 25 : 727 – 730 .
  • Melkild , A. , Langard , S. , Andersen , A. and Stray , J. N. 1989 . Incidence of cancer among welders and other workers in a Norwegian shipyard . Scand. J. Work Environ. Health , 15 : 387 – 394 .
  • Millette , J. R. and Brown , R. S. 1992 . A close examination of the surfaces of asbestos gasket materials . Microscope , 40 : 131 – 135 .
  • Millette , J. R. and Mount , M. D. 1993 . A study determining asbestos fiber release during the removal of valve packing . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 8 : 790 – 793 .
  • Mlynarek , S. , Corn , M. and Blake , C. 1996 . Asbestos exposure of building maintenance personnel . Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol , 23 : 213 – 224 .
  • Mowat , F. , Bono , M. , Lee , R. , Tamburello , S. and Paustenbach , D. 2005 . Occupational exposure to airborne asbestos from phenolic molding material (Bakelite) during sanding, drilling, and related activities . J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 2 : 497 – 507 .
  • MRC Institute for Environment and Health . 1999 . Asbestos and man-made mineral fibres in buildings: Practical guidance , London : Department of the Environment, Transport, and the Regions .
  • Murphy , R. L. H. , Ferris , B. G. , Burgess , W. A. , Worcester , J. and Gaensler , E. A. 1971 . Effects of low concentrations of asbestos—Clinical, environmental, radiologic and epidemiologic observations in shipyard pipe coverers and controls . N. Eng. J. Med. , 285 : 1271 – 1278 .
  • National Academy of Sciences, Committee on Occupational Classification and Analysis . 1971a . Dictionary of occupational titles (DOT): Part 1—current population survey April 1971 , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census .
  • National Academy of Sciences, Committee on Occupational Classification and Analysis . 1971b . Dictionary of occupational titles (DOT): Part 2—Fourth edition dictionary scores for 1970 census categories April 1971 , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census .
  • Newhouse , M. L. , Oakes , D. and Wooley , A. J. 1985 . Mortality of welders and other craftsmen at a shipyard in NE England . Br. J. Ind. Med. , 42 : 406 – 410 .
  • Nicholson , W. 1971 . Asbestos dust concentrations in ship repairing: A practical approach to improving asbestos hygiene in naval dockyards . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 14 : 241 – 255 .
  • Nicholson , W. 1975 . “ Insulation Hygiene Progress Report, vol. 7, no. 1 ” . In The asbestos exposure of insulation workmen , New York : Mt. Sinai Medical School .
  • Nicholson , W. 1976 . Part III. Recent approaches to the control of carcinogenic exposures, Case study 1: Asbestos—The TLV approach . Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , 271 : 152 – 169 .
  • Nicholson , W. , Perkel , G. and Selikoff , I. 1982 . Occupational exposure to asbestos: Population at risk and projected mortality—1980–2030 . Am. J. Ind. Med. , 3 : 259 – 311 .
  • NIOSH . 1972a . Criteria for a recommended standard—Occupational exposure to asbestos , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. HSM-72–10267 .
  • NIOSH . 1972b . Spray application of fireproof insulation at the construction site of the Proctor and Gamble Technical Center, Blue Ash, Ohio , Cincinnati, OH : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Field Studies and Clinical Investigations .
  • NIOSH . 1975 . Study of sheet metal workers , Cincinnati, OH : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. HSM-099-71-55 .
  • NIOSH . 1981 . Health hazard evaluation report: Bulk mail center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania , Cincinnati, OH : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (HETA 81–293–983) .
  • NIOSH . 1986 . Health Hazard Evaluation Report: Exxon Corporation, Bayway refinery and chemical plant, Linden, New Jersey , Cincinnati, OH : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (HETA 81–372–1727) .
  • NIOSH . 2003 . NIOSH manual of analytical methods: Measurement of fibers , Cincinnati, OH : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health .
  • OSHA . 1972 . Standard for exposure to asbestos dust , Vol. 37, no. 110 , 11318 – 11322 . Washington, DC : Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. 29 CFR Parts 1910 and 1926 .
  • OSHA . 1983 . Occupational exposure to asbestos , Vol. 48, no. 215 , 51086 – 51140 . Washington, DC : Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. 29 CFR Parts 1910 .
  • OSHA . 1986 . Occupational exposure to asbestos, tremolite, anthophyllite, and Actinolite , Vol. 51, no. 119 , 22612 – 22790 . Washington, DC : Occupational Safety and Health Administration. U.S. Department of Labor. 29 CFR Parts 1910 and 1926 .
  • OSHA . 1990 . Occupational exposure to asbestos, tremolite, anthophyllite and actinolite. Proposed rule , Vol. 55, no. 140 , 29712 – 29753 . Washington, DC : Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. 29 CFR Parts 1910 and 1926 .
  • OSHA . 1994 . Occupational exposure to asbestos; Final rule , Vol. 59, no. 153 , 40964 – 41162 . Washington, DC : Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. 29 CFR Parts 1910, 1915, and 1926 .
  • OSHA. 2004. Asbestos: Evaluating exposure[online]. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/asbestos/evaluation.html
  • Paik , N. W. , Walcott , R. J. and Brogan , P. A. 1983 . Worker exposure to asbestos during removal of sprayed material and renovation activity in buildings containing sprayed material . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 44 : 428 – 432 .
  • Paustenbach , D. J. , Price , P. E. , Bradshaw , R. D. , Ollison , W. , Peterson , D. and Blank , C. 1992 . Re-evaluation of benzene exposure for the pliofilm (rubber worker) cohort (1939–1976) . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 36 : 177 – 232 .
  • Paustenbach , D. J , Clark , K. and Madl , A. 2006 . Exposure to airborne asbestos during removal and installation of gaskets and packings: A review of published and unpublished studies . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , in press.
  • Peters , J. M. , Murphy , R. H. , Ferris , B. G. , Burgess , W. A. , Ranadive , M. V. and Pendergrass , H. P. 1973 . Pulmonary function in shipyard workers . Arch. Environ. Health , 26 : 28 – 31 .
  • Price , B. , Crump , K. S. and Baird , E. C. 1992 . Airborne asbestos levels in buildings: Maintenance worker and occupant exposures . J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol , 2 : 357 – 374 .
  • Puntoni , R. , Merlo , F. , Borsa , L. , Reggiardo , G. , Garrone , E. and Ceppi , M. 2001 . A historical cohort mortality study among shipyard workers in Genoa, Italy . Am. J. Ind. Med. , 40 : 363 – 370 .
  • Rappaport , S. M. 1993 . Threshold limit values, permissible exposure limits, and feasibility: The bases for exposure limits in the United States . Am. J. Ind Med. , 23 : 683 – 694 .
  • Reitze , W. B. , Nicholson , W. J. , Holaday , D. A. and Selikoff , I. J. 1972 . Application of sprayed inorganic fiber containing asbestos: occupational health hazard . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 33 : 178 – 191 .
  • Rice , C. and Heineman , E. 2003 . An asbestos job exposure matrix to characterize fiber type, length, and relative exposure intensity . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 18 : 506 – 512 .
  • Roggli , V. and Longo , W. 1991 . Mineral fiber content of lung tissue in patients with environmental exposures: Household contacts v. building occupants . Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , 643 : 511 – 519 .
  • Roggli , V. L. , Sharma , A. , Butnor , K. J. , Sporn , T. and Vollmer , R. T. 2002 . Malignant mesothelioma and occupational exposure to asbestos: A clinicopathological correlation of 1445 cases . Ultrastruct. Pathol. , 26 : 55 – 65 .
  • Rohl , A. , Langer , A. , Selikoff , I. and Nicholson , W. 1975 . Exposure to asbestos in the use of consumer spackling, patching and taping compounds . Science , 189 : 551 – 553 .
  • Rushworth , D. H. 2005 . The Navy and asbestos thermal insulation . Naval Eng. J. , Spring : 35 – 48 .
  • Samimi , B. and Williams , A. 1981 . Occupational exposure to asbestos fibers resulting from use of asbestos gloves . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 42 : 870 – 875 .
  • Selikoff , I. J. 1970 . Partnership for prevention—The insulation industry hygiene research program . Ind. Med. , 39 : 21 – 25 .
  • Selikoff , I. J and Hammond , E. G. 1965 . The occurrence of asbestosis among insulation workers in the United States . Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , 132 : 139 – 155 .
  • Selikoff , I. J. , Churg , J. and Hammond , E. C. 1964 . Asbestos exposure and neoplasia . J. Am. Med. Assoc. , 188 : 142 – 146 .
  • Selikoff , I. J , Churg , J. and Hammond , E. G. 1965 . Relation between exposure to asbestos and mesothelioma . N. Eng. J. Med. , 272 : 560 – 565 .
  • Selikoff , I. J , Hammond , E. G. and Churg , J. 1968 . Asbestos exposure, smoking, and neoplasia . J. Am. Med. Assoc. , 204 : 105 – 112 .
  • Soule , R. and Masaitis , J. May 27. 1997 . Study of exposure to asbestos when using U.S. Steel's Tiger brand asbestos containing wire/cable , May 27. , Prepared for USX corporation . Unpublished.
  • Spence , S. and Rocchi , P. 1996 . Exposure to asbestos fibers during gasket removal . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 40 : 583 – 88 .
  • Spencer , J. 1998a . Report of findings. Exposure assessment: An evaluation of the actual contribution of airborne asbestos fibers from the removal and installation of gasket and packing material , Columbia, MD : Environmental Profiles, Inc. .
  • Spencer , J. 1998b . Report of findings. Exposure assessment: An evaluation of the actual contribution of airborne asbestos fibers from the removal fabrication of gaskets , Columbia, MD : Environmental Profiles, Inc. .
  • Spencer , J. 2001 . Report of findings. Exposure assessment: An evaluation of the actual contribution of airborne asbestos fibers from the removal and installation of gasket and packing from Ingersoll-Rand compressors , Columbia, MD : Environmental Profiles, Inc. .
  • Sprince , N. L. , Oliver , L. C. and McLoud , T. C. 1985 . Asbestos-related disease in plumbers and pipefitters employed in building construction . J. Occup. Med. , 27 : 771 – 775 .
  • Steel , J. 1979 . “ Asbestos control limits ” . In Asbestos: Final report of the Advisory Committee , Vol. 2 , 85 – 87 . London : Her Majesty's Stationery Office .
  • Symanski , E. , Kupper , L. L. , Hertz-Picciotto , I. and Rapparport , S. M. 1998a . Comprehensive evaluation of long term trends in occupational exposure: Part 1. Description of the database . Occup. Environ. Med. , 55 ( 300–309 )
  • Symanski , E. , Kupper , L. L. , Hertz-Picciotto , I. and Rapparport , S. M. 1998b . Comprehensive evaluation of long term trends in occupational exposure: Part 2. Predictive models for declining exposures . Occup. Environ. Med. , 55 : 310 – 316 .
  • U.S. Department of Labor. 2001. Standard occupational classification (SOC) system. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. http://stats.bls.gov/soc/home.htm
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . 1986 . Airborne asbestos health assessment update , Research Triangle Park, NC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. EPA no. 600/8‐84/003F .
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . 1988 . Asbestos exposure assessment , Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chemical Engineering Branch, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances .
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . 1990 . National emission standards for hazardous air pollutants. Asbestos , Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . NESHAPS Final Rule. 40 CFR 61.
  • Verma , D. and Middleton , C. 1980 . Occupational exposure to asbestos in the drywall taping process . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 41 : 264 – 269 .
  • Verma , D. K. , Kurtz , L. A. , Sahai , D. and Finkelstein , M. M. 2003 . Current chemical exposures among Ontario construction workers . Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 18 : 1031 – 1047 .
  • Williams , P. R. D. and Paustenbach , D. J. 2003 . Reconstruction of benzene exposure for the Pliofilm cohort (1936–1976) using Monte Carlo techniques . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 66 : 677 – 781 .
  • Zoloth , S. and Michaels , D. 1985 . Asbestos disease in sheet metal workers: The results of a proportional mortality analysis . Am. J. Ind. Med. , 7 : 315 – 321 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.