Implications of sporadic tourism growth: extrapolation from the case of Boracay Island, The Philippines

References

• Agarwal , S . (1997) . The resort cycle and seaside tourism: an assessment of its applicability and validity . Tourism Management , 18 : 65 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archer B Cooper C (1994) The Positive and Negative Impacts of Tourism In W. Theobald (ed), Global Tourism the Next Decade (pp. 73–91) Oxford Butterworth-Heinemann
   Google Scholar
• Bleasdale S Tapsell S (1996) Saharan Tourism: Arabian Nights or Tourist ‘Daze’? The Social-Cultural and Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Southern Tunisia In M. Robinson, N. Evans & P. Callaghan (eds), Tourism and Culture: Towards the 21st Century, Conference Proceedings Vol. Tourism and Cultural Change (pp. 25–48) Sunderland UK The Centre for Travel & Tourism in association with Business Education Publishers Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Butler , RW . (1980) . The Concept of a Tourist Area Cycle of Evolution: Implications for Management of Resources . Canadian Geographer , 24 : 5 – 16 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter , RW and Bramley , R . (2002) . Defining Heritage Values and Significance for Improved Resource Management: an application to Australian tourism . International Journal of Heritage Studies , 8 : 175 – 199 .
   Google Scholar
• Carter RW Davie JD (1995) Culture and Tourism in the Asia Pacific Region In H. Richins, J. Richardson and A. Crabtree (eds), Ecotourism and Nature Based Tourism: Taking the Next Steps. Proceedings of the Ecotourism Association of Australia National Conference (pp. 67–72) Alice Springs, Northern Territory Commonwealth Department of Tourism
   Google Scholar
• Carter , RW and Grimwade , G . (1997) . Balancing use and preservation in cultural heritage management . International Journal of Heritage Studies , 3 : 5 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Choy , DJL . (1992) . Life Cycle Models of Pacific Island Destinations . Journal of Travel Research , 30 : 26 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Cooper CP (1994) The destination life cycle: an update In A. V. Seaton (ed), Tourism: The State of the Art (pp. 340–346) Chichester John Wiley & Sons
   Google Scholar
• Cooper , C and Jackson , S . (1989) . Destination Life-Cycle: the Isle of Man case Study . Annals of Tourism Research , 16 : 377 – 398 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craik J (1991) Social Impacts and Cultural Commodification In J. Craik (ed) Resorting to Tourism: Cultural Policies for Tourism: Culture Policies for Tourist Development in Australia (pp. 79–106) Allen & Unwin Pty Ltd Sydney
   Google Scholar
• CUI (1997) Tenth Interim Report for the period: July 1 to September 30 1997 International Programs Office, International Assistance Program on Strategic Urban Management Canadian Urban Institute (CUI)
   Google Scholar
• de Albuquerque , K and McElroy , JL . (1992) . Caribbean Small-island Tourism Styles and Sustainable Strategies . Environmental Management , 16 : 619 – 632 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dearden , P . (1989) . Tourism in Developing Societies: Some Observations on Trekking in the Highlands of North Thailand . World Leisure and Recreation , 31 : 40 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Debbage , K . (1990) . Oligopoly and the Resort Cycle in the Bahamas . Annals of Tourism Research , 17 : 513 – 527 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeKadt E (1979) Tourism: Passport to Development? New York Oxford University Press
   Google Scholar
• di Benedetto , CA and Bojanic , DC . (1993) . Tourism Area Life Cycle Extensions . Annals of Tourism Research , 20 : 557 – 570 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOT (1997) Summary Report on Tourist Arrivals Boracay, Manilla Philippines Department of Tourism (DOT)
   Google Scholar
• Doxey G (1975) A causation theory of visitor-resident irritants: methodology and research inferences In Proceedings of the Travel Research Association Sixth Conference San Diego (pp. 195–198)
   Google Scholar
• Eber , S . (1992) . Tourism and UNCED . Contours Bangkok , 5 : 13 – 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Getz , D . (1992) . Tourism planning and destination life cycle . Annals of Tourism Research , 19 : 752 – 770 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodwin , H . (2000) . Pro-poor Tourism: Opportunities for Sustainable Local Development . D & C Development Cooperation , 5 : 12 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Hall CM (1994) Tourism and Politics: Policy, Power, and Place Chichester UK Wiley
   Google Scholar
• Harrison , D . (1995) . Development of tourism in Swaziland . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 : 135 – 156 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haywood , KM . (1986) . Can the tourist-area life cycle be made operational? . Tourism Management , 7 : 154 – 167 .
   Google Scholar
• Hinch T Butler R (1988) The rejuvenation of a tourism centre Port Stanley Ontario Ontario Geography 32 29 52
   Google Scholar
• Ibajay (1999) Banner year for Aklam's Tourism Aklam News Archives, Ibajay Home Page,, http//:www.geosites.com/Tokyo/Pagoda/3129/latenews.html/, visited June 2003
   Google Scholar
• ILO (2000) At Your Service: Combating Child Labour in the Tourism Industry National Union of Workers in the Hotel Restaurant and Allied Industries International Labour Organization (ILO) http//:www.childprotection. org.ph/monthlyfeatures/je2k2a.rtf, visited June 2003
   Google Scholar
• Ioannides , D . (1995) . Planning for International Tourism in Less Developed Countries: Towards Sustainability? . Journal of Planning Literature , 9 : 235 – 254 .
   Google Scholar
• Jafari J (1983) Understanding the Structure of Tourism In E. C. Nebel (ed) Tourism and Culture: A Comparative Perspective (pp. 65–84) University of New Orleans New Orleans
   Google Scholar
• Johnson P Thomas B Cooper C (1992) The life cycle concept and tourism In P. Johnson & B. Thomas (eds), Choice and demand in tourism (pp. 145–160) London Mansell Publishing
   Google Scholar
• Juelg , F . (1993) . Tourism product life cycles in the central Eastern Alps: a case study of Heiligenblut on the Grossglockner . Tourism Recreation Research , 18 : 20 – 26 .
   Google Scholar
• Keesing RM Strathern AJ (1998) Cultural Anthropology: A Contemporary Perspective Fort Worth Harcourt Brace & Company
   Google Scholar
• Lindblom CE (1965) The Intelligence of Democracy: Decision Making through Mutual Adjustment New York The Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lozano JRB (1998) Boom and Bust in Boracay Fieldnotes, Philippine Association for Intercultural Development Inc. http//:www.humanrights.uchicago.edu/joeylozano/joey09.html, visited June 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Lundberg DE (1980) The Tourist Business Boston Mass Cahners Books
   Google Scholar
• Martin , B and Uysal , M . (1990) . An Examination of the Relationship between Carrying Capacity and the Tourism Life-Cycle: Management and Policy Implications . Journal of Environmental Management , 31 : 327 – 333 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason G (1996) Manufactured Myths: Packaging the Exotic for Visitor Consumption In M. Robinson, N. Evans and P. Callaghan (eds) Tourism and Culture: Towards the 21st Century Conference Proceedings, Vol. Tourism and Culture: Image, Identity and Marketing (pp. 121–135) The Centre for Travel & Tourism in association with Business Education Publishers Ltd Sunderland
   Google Scholar
• McKercher , B . (1993) . Some fundamental truths about tourism: understanding tourism's social and environmental impacts . Journal of Sustainable Tourism , 1 : 6 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Mercer D (1991) A Question of Balance – Natural Resources Conflict Issues in Australia Sydney The Federation Press
   Google Scholar
• Meyer Arendt , KJ . (1985) . The Grand Isle, Louisiana resort cycle . Annals of Tourism Research , 12 : 449 – 465 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mieczkowski Z (1995) Environmental Issues of Tourism and Recreation Lanham MD University Press of America
   Google Scholar
• Militante G (1997) Boracay's safe waters fail to lure tourists TTG Asia October 10–16, http//:www.ttg.com.sg/current/archive/1997/1010-16/br101997100.1htm/, visited June 2003
   Google Scholar
• Moore , S and Carter , B . (1993) . Ecotourism in the 21st century . Tourism Management , 14 : 123 – 130 .
   Google Scholar
• Nelson JG Butler R Wall G (1993) Tourism and Sustainable Development: Monitoring, Planning, Managing Heritage Resource Centre Joint Publication No 1 Canada University of Waterloo
   Google Scholar
• Nicholson T (1997) Tourism Development and Community: four Philippine case studies in Boracay, Samal, Mariduque and Davao Quezon City VSO Philippines
   Google Scholar
• NSCB (2002) Boracay: One of the world's finest beaches, National Statistical Coordination Board Republic of the Philippines http://www.nscb.go v.ph/ru6/boracay.htm, visited June 2003
   Google Scholar
• Oppermann , M . (1996) . The changing market place in Asian outbound tourism: implications for hospitality marketing and management . Tourism Recreation Research , 21 : 53 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• OTI (2003) Boracay tourist arrivals reaches all time high, Office of Tourism Information (OTI) media released 3 June 2003
   Google Scholar
• Picard M (1993) ‘Cultural tourism’ in Bali: National integration and regional differentiation In M. Hitchcock, V. T. King, & M. J. G. Parnwell (eds), Tourism in South-East Asia (pp. 71–98) New York Routledge
   Google Scholar
• Shah K (2000) Tourism, the poor and other stakeholders. Asian Experience London ODI Fair Trade in Tourism
   Google Scholar
• Sharpley R (1994) The tourist-host relationship In R. Sharpley (ed), Tourism, tourists and society Huntingdon UK Elm Publications
   Google Scholar
• Smith VL (1989) Hosts and guests. The anthropology of tourism Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press
   Google Scholar
• Strapp , JD . (1988) . The resort cycle and second homes . Annals of Tourism Research , 15 : 504 – 516 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenenbaum , DJ . (2000) . Trampling Paradise: Dream Vacation – Environmental Nightmare? . Environmental Health Perspectives , 5 : 108
   Google Scholar
• Teo , P . (1994) . Assessing socio-cultural impacts: the case of Singapore . Tourism Management , 15 : 126 – 136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tooman , LA . (1997) . Applications of the life-cycle model in tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 24 : 214 – 234 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trousdale WJ (1997a) Is it Too Late For Boracay? The Tourist's Perspective, Results and Analysis of the May 17 1997 DOT Tourist Survey Report for the Philippines Department of Tourism and The Canadian Urban Institute Toronto
   Google Scholar
• Trousdale WJ (1997b) Zero Waste Management: Towards a Sustainable Future: Assessment and Action Plan Report for the Philippines Department of Tourism and The Canadian Urban Institute Toronto
   Google Scholar
• Trousdale WJ (1997c) Carrying Capacity Considerations: The Need for Managing Change in a Unique Tourism Destination, Boracay Island Report for the Philippines Department of Tourism and The Canadian Urban Institute Toronto
   Google Scholar
• Trousdale , WJ . (1999) . Governance in Context, Boracay Island, Philippines . Annals of Tourism Research , 26 : 840 – 867 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkman , TA . (1990) . Visions and revisions: Toraja culture and the tourist gaze . American Ethnologist , 17 : 91 – 110 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsh , DJ . (1992) . The evolution of the Disneyland environs . Tourism Recreation Research , 17 : 33 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Weaver , DB . (1990) . Grand Cayman island and the resort cycle concept . Journal of Travel Research , 29 : 9 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Wilkinson , PF . (1987) . Tourism in small island nations: a fragile dependence . Leisure Studies , 6 : 127–146.
   Google Scholar
• WTO (1993) Sustainable Tourism Development: Guide for Local Planners Madrid Spain World Tourism Organization (WTO)
   Google Scholar