The role of public-private partnership in constructing the smart transportation city: a case of the bike sharing platform

References

• Agatz, N., Erera, A. L., Savelsbergh, M. W., & Wang, X. (2011). Dynamic ride-sharing: A simulation study in metro Atlanta. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 17, 532–550. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.530
   Google Scholar
• Babatunde, S. O., Opawole, A., & Akinsiku, E. O. (2012). Critical success factors in public-private partnership (PPP) on infrastructure delivery in nigeria. Journal of Facilities Management, 10(3), 212–225. doi: 10.1108/14725961211246018
   Google Scholar
• Bernard, Z. (2018, April 12). The bike-sharing economy is shaking up the transportation market. Business Insider. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com
   Google Scholar
• Bernardi, L., Sarma, S., & Traub, K. (2017). The inversion factor: How to thrive in the IoT economy. London: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, A. A., Cherry, C. R., Ryerson, M. S., & Yang, X. (2016). Factors influencing the choice of shared bicycles and shared electric bikes in Beijing. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 67, 399–414. doi: 10.1016/j.trc.2016.03.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capdevila, I., & Zarlenga, M. I. (2015). Smart city or smart citizens? The Barcelona case. Journal of Strategy and Management, 8(3), 266–282. doi: 10.1108/JSMA-03-2015-0030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, M., Wang, D., Sun, Y., Waygood, E. O. D., & Yang, W. (2018). A comparison of users’ characteristics between station-based bikesharing system and free-floating bikesharing system: Case study in Hangzhou, China. Transportation, 1–16. doi:10.1007/s11116-018-9910-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chong, Z. (2018, April 3). This bike sharing company just got bought for $2.7 billion. CNET. Retrieved from https://www.cnet.com
   Google Scholar
• DeMaio, P. (2003). Smart bikes: Public transportation for the 21st century. Transportation Quarterly, 57(1), 9–11.
   Google Scholar
• De Sá, I. L. (2017, May 16). How do you build effective public-private partnerships? Yale Insights. Retrieved from https://insights.som.yale.edu
   Google Scholar
• Dou, S. (2018, February 23). Mobike updates rider-scoring system after feedback from Beijing court. Yicai Global. Retrieved from https://www.yicaiglobal.com
   Google Scholar
• Gajski, I., Topolšek, D., Cvahte Ojsteršek, T., & Sternad, M. (2017). Implementing transport strategies based on sustainable mobility in the County of Varaždin. Tehnički Glasnik, 11(4), 221–229.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GPPP. (2016). 5G empowering vertical industries white paper (Research Report No. 05.1). Retrieved from https://5g-ppp.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/BROCHURE_5PPP_BAT2_PL.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Gretzel, U., Ham, J., & Koo, C. (2018). Creating the city destination of the future: The case of smart Seoul. In Y. Wang, A. Shakeela, & C. Khoo-Lattimore (Eds.), Managing Asian destinations: Perspectives on Asian tourism (pp. 199–214). Singapore: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Grimsey, D., & Lewis, M. K. (2002). Evaluating the risks of public private partnerships for infrastructure projects. International Journal of Project Management, 20(2), 107–118. doi: 10.1016/S0263-7863(00)00040-5
   Google Scholar
• Guo, Y., Zhou, J., Wu, Y., & Li, Z. (2017). Identifying the factors affecting bike-sharing usage and degree of satisfaction in Ningbo, China. PLoS ONE, 12(9), 1–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hass, B. (2017, June 12). ‘Uber for bikes’: Chinese firm eyes global dominion with launch in Manchester. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com
   Google Scholar
• Hersey, F. (2018, February 26). Mobike updates credit score system, will charge RMB 100 per 30 minutes for low scorers. Technode. Retrieved from https://technode.com
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann, M. L., & Lugo, A. (2014). Who is ‘world class’? Transportation justice and bicycle policy. Urbanities, 4(1), 45–61.
   Google Scholar
• Home, S. (1991). The assault on culture: Utopian currents from Lettrisme to class war. Edinburgh: AK Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ipsos. (2017). 2017 mobile payment usage in China report (Research Report No. 03.9). Retrieved from https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/publication/documents/2017-08/Mobile_payments_in_China-2017.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Jayawardana, V. (2018, April 4). Towards seamless urban mobility: Integrating ride sharing and public transit. Medium. Retrieved from https://medium.com
   Google Scholar
• Ke, Y., Wang, S., & Chan, A. P. (2010). Risk allocation in public-private partnership infrastructure projects: Comparative study. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 16(4), 343–351. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. H., Bae, Z. T., & Kang, S. H. (2008). The role of online brand community in new product development: Case studies on digital product manufacturers in Korea. International Journal of Innovation Management, 12(03), 357–376. doi: 10.1142/S1363919608002011
   Google Scholar
• Krykewycz, G. R., Puchalsky, C. M., Rocks, J., Bonnette, B., & Jaskiewicz, F. (2010). Defining a primary market and estimating demand for major bicycle-sharing program in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2143(1), 117–124. doi: 10.3141/2143-15
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwantes, C. T., Karam, C. M., Kuo, B. C., & Towson, S. (2008). Culture’s influence on the perception of OCB as in-role or extra-role. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 32(3), 229–243. doi: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2008.01.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lancia, P., & Sinnott, J. (2017, September 11). Mobike, AT&T and Qualcomm collaborate on mobile IoT smart bike share technology. Qualcomm. Retrieved from https://www.qualcomm.com
   Google Scholar
• Lesh, M. C. (2013). Innovative concepts in first-last mile connections to public transportation. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Urban Public Transportation Systems, 2013, 63–74. doi: 10.1061/9780784413210.007
   Google Scholar
• Lipper, L., Thornton, P., Campbell, B. M., Baedeker, T., Braimoh, A., Bwalya, M., … Torquebiau, E. F. (2014). Climate-smart agriculture for food security. Nature Climate Change, 4(12), 1068–1072. doi: 10.1038/nclimate2437
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipton, J. (2017, July 18). Bike-sharing boom in China pedals to new heights. CNBC. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com
   Google Scholar
• Liu, X., Huang, D., & Li, Z. (2018). Examining relationships among perceived benefit, tourist experience and satisfaction: The context of intelligent sharing bicycle. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23(5), 437–449. doi: 10.1080/10941665.2018.1466814
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, A. (2017, June 16). Mobike fills its baskets with $600 million in latest fundraising push. Caixin. Retrieved from https://www.caixinglobal.com
   Google Scholar
• Marr, B. (2016, October 21). The sharing economy: What it is, examples, and how big data, platforms and algorithms fuel it. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com
   Google Scholar
• Matthaei, E. (2010). The nature of executive work. Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler.
   Google Scholar
• Meng, B., & Han, H. (2016). Effect of environmental perceptions on bicycle travelers’ decision-making process: Developing an extended model of goal-directed behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 21(11), 1184–1197. doi: 10.1080/10941665.2015.1129979
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millar, C., Lockett, M., & Ladd, T. (2018). Disruption: Technology, innovation and society. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 129, 254–260. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.10.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, H. J. (2013). Beyond sharing: Cultivating cooperative transportation systems through geographic information science. Journal of Transport Geography, 31, 296–308. doi: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.04.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mobike. (2017). Bike-sharing and the city, 2017 white paper (Research Report No. 07.1). Retrieved from https://mobike.com/global/public/Mobike20-20White20Paper202017_EN.pdf
   Google Scholar
• National Council for Public-Private Partnerships, USA. (2009, September 18). How PPPs work: Public private partnerships defined. Public-Private Partnerships. Retrieved from http://www.ncppp.org
   Google Scholar
• Ng, A., & Loosemore, M. (2007). Risk allocation in the private provision of public infrastructure. International Journal of Project Management, 25(1), 66–76. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2006.06.005
   Google Scholar
• Ouyang, S. (2018, March 9). China continues its growing ascendancy in global bike-sharing market. China Daily. Retrieved from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn
   Google Scholar
• Park, S. (2018, August 10). Lift the regulation for the sharing economy. The Korean Economics. Retrieved from http://news.hankyung.com
   Google Scholar
• Patton, M. Q. (1987). How to use qualitative methods in evaluation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Pell, R. (2017, Sepetember 13). IoT smart bike sharing enabled by AT&T. Smart 2zero. Retrieved from http://www.smart2zero.com
   Google Scholar
• Raviv, T., Tzur, M., & Forma, I. A. (2013). Static repositioning in a bike-sharing system: Models and solution approaches. EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics, 2(3), 187–229. doi: 10.1007/s13676-012-0017-6
   Google Scholar
• Redmond, D., & Russell, P. (2008). Social housing regeneration and the creation of sustainable communities in Dublin. Local Economy, 23(3), 168–179. doi: 10.1080/02690940802197283
   Google Scholar
• Schroeder, P. (2014). Assessing effectiveness of governance approaches for sustainable consumption and production in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 63, 64–73. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuijbroek, J., Hampshire, R. C., & Van Hoeve, W. J. (2017). Inventory rebalancing and vehicle routing in bike sharing systems. European Journal of Operational Research, 257(3), 992–1004. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2016.08.029
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaheen, S., & Chan, N. (2016). Mobility and the sharing economy: Potential to facilitate the first- and last-mile public transit connections. Built Environment, 42(4), 573–588. doi: 10.2148/benv.42.4.573
   Google Scholar
• Shaheen, S., Guzman, S., & Zhang, H. (2010). Bikesharing in Europe, the Americas, and Asia: Past, present, and future. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2143, 159–167. doi: 10.3141/2143-20
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundararajan, A. (2016). The sharing economy: The end of employment and the rise of crowd-based capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• The Straits Times. (2018, August 9). Bike-sharing firm Ofo planning to exit South Korea. The Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.straitstimes.com
   Google Scholar
• Totev, M. (2017, October 14). Seoul bike: How I redesigned Seoul city’s public bicycle system. Free Code Camp. Retrieved from https://medium.freecodecamp.org
   Google Scholar
• Travel Wire Asia. (2017, March 1). South Korea wants to be a leader in the sharing economy, but is it doing enough? Travel Wire Asia. Retrieved from https://travelwireasia.com
   Google Scholar
• Voss, C., Tsikriktsis, N., & Frohlich, M. (2002). Case research in operations management. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 22(2), 195–219. doi: 10.1108/01443570210414329
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsham, G. (1995). Interpretive case studies in IS research: Nature and method. European Journal of Information Systems, 4(2), 74–81. doi: 10.1057/ejis.1995.9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiig, A., & Wyly, E. (2016). Introduction: Thinking through the politics of the smart city. Urban Geography, 37(4), 485–493. doi: 10.1080/02723638.2016.1178479
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wikipedia. (2018). Mobike. Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org
   Google Scholar
• Wyns, A. (2018, January 18). Life behind a mask: China’s cities still choking on smog. Deutsche Welle. Retrieved from https://www.dw.com
   Google Scholar
• Yin, R. K. (2013). Case study research: Design and methods. Washington, DC: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Yuniar, R. W. (2017, October 2). Are China’s bike sharing services oversharing? The South China Moring Post. Retrieved from https://www.scmp.com
   Google Scholar
• Zervas, G., Proserpio, D., & Byers, J. W. (2017). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of airbnb on the hotel industry. Journal of Marketing Research, 54(5), 687–705. doi: 10.1509/jmr.15.0204
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L., Zhang, J., Duan, Z. Y., & Bryde, D. (2015). Sustainable bike-sharing systems: Characteristics and commonalities across cases in urban China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 97, 124–133. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.04.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, Y., Mascolo, C., & Silva, C. T. (2017). Guest editorial: Urban computing. IEEE Transactions on Big Data, 3(2), 124–125. doi: 10.1109/TBDATA.2017.2699838
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar