1,099
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Relative Hardness of Fat Crystal Networks Using Force Displacement Curves

, &
Pages 129-144 | Received 21 May 2007, Accepted 23 May 2008, Published online: 08 Jul 2010

REFERENCES

  • Narine , S.S. and Marangoni , A.G. 2001 . Elastic modulus as an indicator of macroscopic hardness of fat crystal networks . Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft Und-Technologie-Food Science and Technology , 34 ( 1 ) : 33 – 40 .
  • Narine , S.S. and Marangoni , A.G. 1999 . Microscopic and rheological studies of fat crystal networks . Journal of Crystal Growth , 199 : 1315 – 1319 .
  • Sengul , M. , Ertugay , M.F. , Sengul , M. and Yuksel , Y. 2007 . Rheological properties of carob pekmez . International Journal of Food Properties , 10 ( 1 ) : 39 – 46 .
  • Ahmed , J. , Ayad , A. , Ramaswamy , H.S. , Alli , I. and Shao , Y. 2007 . Dynamic viscoelastic behavior of high pressure treated soybean protein isolate dispersions . International Journal of Food Properties , 10 ( 2 ) : 397 – 411 .
  • Narine , S.S. and Marangoni , A.G. 1999 . Fractal nature of fat crystal networks . Physical Review E. , 59 ( 2 ) : 1908 – 1920 .
  • Narine , S.S. and Humphrey , K.L. 2004 . A comparison of lipid shortening functionality as a function of molecular ensemble and shear: microstructure, polymorphism, solid fat content and texture . Food Research International , 37 ( 1 ) : 28 – 38 .
  • Braipson-Danthine , S. and Deroanne , C. 2004 . Influence of SFC, microstructure and polymorphism on texture (hardness) of binary blends of fats involved in the preparation of industrial shortenings . Food Research International , 37 ( 10 ) : 941 – 948 .
  • Hayakawa , M. and Deman , J.M. 1982 . Interpretation of cone penetrometer consistency measurements of fats . Journal of Texture Studies , 13 ( 2 ) : 201 – 210 .
  • Haighton , A. 1965 . Worksoftening of Margarine and Shortening . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. , 42 : 27 – 30 .
  • Dixon , B.D. and Parekh , J.V. 1980 . Use of the Cone Penetrometer for Testing the Firmness of Butter . Journal of Texture Studies , 10 ( 4 ) : 421 – 434 .
  • Haighton , A. 1959 . The Measurement of the Hardness of Margarine and Fats with Cone Penetrometers . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. , 36 : 345 – 348 .
  • Rebinder , P.A. and Semenenko , N.A. 1949 . Use of the penetrating-cone method for the characterization of structure-mechanical properties of viscoplastic bodies . Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR , 64 : 835 – 838 .
  • American Oil Chemists' Society . 1989 . “ American Oil Chemists' Society Official Method ” . In Consistency , 2 Champain , IL : AOAC .
  • American Society of Testing and Materials . 1965 . “ Standard Method of Test for Needle Penetration of Petroleum Waxes ” . In ASTM Standard Methods , 302 – 305 . Philadelphia , PA : ASTM .
  • de Man , L. , Postmus , E. and de Man , J. 1990 . Textural and Physical Properties of North American Stick Margarines . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. , 67 ( 5 ) : 323 – 328 .
  • Omar , Z. , Let , C.C. , Seng , C.C. and Rashid , N.A. 2005 . Crystallisation and rheological properties of hydrogenated palm oil and palm oil blends in relation to crystal networking . European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology , 107 ( 9 ) : 634 – 640 .
  • Shi , Y. , Liang , B. and Hartel , R. 2005 . Crystal morphology, microstructure, and textural properties of model lipid systems . Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society , 82 ( 6 ) : 399 – 408 .
  • Danthine , S. and Deroanne , C. 2003 . Physical and textural characteristics of hydrogenated low-erucic acid rapeseed oil and low-erucic acid rapeseed oil blends . Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society , 80 ( 2 ) : 109 – 114 .
  • Kruisheer , C.I. , den Herder , P.C. , Krol , B.M. and Mulders , E.M.J. 1938 . The consistency of butter . Chemisch Weekblad , 35 : 719 – 733 .
  • Tanaka , M. , Man , J.M. and Voisey , P.W. 1971 . Measurement of textural properties of foods with constant speed cone penetrometer . Journal of Texture Studies , 2 ( 3 ) : 306 – 315 .
  • Tabil , L.G. , Sokhansanj , S. , Crerar , W.J. , Patil , R.T. , Khoshtaghaza , M.H. and Opoku , A. 2002 . Physical Characterization of alfalfa cubes: 1. Hardness . Canadian Biosystems Engineering , 44 ( 3 ) : 55 – 63 .
  • Jansen , K.M.B. , Gonda , V. , Ernst , L.J. , Bressers , H.J.L. and Zhang , G.Q. 2005 . State-of-the-art of thermo-mechanical characterization of thin polymer films . Journal of Electronic Packaging , 127 ( 4 ) : 530 – 536 .
  • Fischer-Cripps , A.C. 2006 . Critical review of analysis and interpretation of nanoindentation test data . Surface and Coatings Technology , 200 ( 14–15 ) : 4153 – 4165 .
  • Wright , A.J. , Scanlon , M.G. , Hartel , R.W. and Marangoni , A.G. 2001 . Rheological properties of milkfat and butter . Journal of Food Science , 66 ( 8 ) : 1056 – 1071 .
  • Keppel , G. 2007 . Design and analysis: A researcher's handbook , 624 Engelwood Cliffs , NJ : Prentice Hall .
  • Brownlee , K.A. 1965 . Statistical Theory and Methodology in Science and Engineering , 570 New York : Wiley Publications .
  • Cheng , Y.T. and Cheng , C.M. 2004 . Scaling, dimensional analysis, and indentation measurements . Materials Science & Engineering R-Reports , 44 ( 4–5 ) : 91 – 149 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.