Effect of calcium ions on the III steps of self-assembly of SA investigated with atomic force microscopy

References

• Smidsrød, O.;. Molecular Basis for Some Physical Properties of Alginates in the Gel State. Faraday Discussions of the Chemical Society 1974, 57, 263–274. DOI: 10.1039/DC9745700263.
   Google Scholar
• Vold, I. M.; Kristiansen, K. A.; Christensen, B. E. A Study of the Chain Stiffness and Extension of Alginates, in Vitro Epimerized Alginates, and Periodate-Oxidized Alginates Using Size-Exclusion Chromatography Combined with Light Scattering and Viscosity Detectors. Biomacromolecules 2006, 7, 2136–2146. DOI: 10.1021/bm060099n.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkins, E. D. T.; Nieduszynski, I. A.; Mackie, W.; Parker, K. D.; Smolko, E. E. Structural Components of Alginic Acid. I. The Crystalline Structure of poly‐β‐D‐mannuronic Acid. Results of X‐Ray Diffraction and Polarized Infrared Studies. Biopolymers 1973, 12, 1879–1887. DOI: 10.1002/bip.1973.360120814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siew, C. K.; Williams, P. A.; Young, N. W. G. New Insights into the Mechanism of Gelation of Alginate and Pectin: Charge Annihilation and Reversal Mechanism. Biomacromolecules 2005, 6, 963–969. DOI: 10.1021/bm049341l.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinbüchel, A.; Rhee, S. K. Polysaccharides and Polyamides in the Food Industry: Properties, Production, and Patents; AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, J. P.; Wang, L.; Wu, S. Characterization of a Ca-Alginate Based Ion-Exchange Resin and Its Application in Lead, Copper, and Zinc Removal. Separation Science & Technology 2001, 36, 3617–3637. DOI: 10.1081/SS-100108352.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braccini, I.; Grasso, R. P.; Perez, S. Conformational and Configurational Features of Acidic Polysaccharides and Their Interactions with Calcium Ions: A Molecular Modeling Investigation. Carbohydrate Research 1999, 317, 119–130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang, Y.; Al-Assaf, S.; Phillips, G. O.; Nishinari, K.; Funami, T.; Williams, P. A.; Li, L. Multiple Steps Andcritical Behaviors of the Binding of Calcium to Alginate. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2007, 111, 2456–2462. DOI: 10.1021/jp0689870.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, G. T.; Morris, E. R.; Rees, D. A.; Smith, P. J. C.; Thom, D. Biological Interactions between Polysaccharides and Divalent Cations: The Egg-Box Model. FEBS Letters 1973, 32, 195–198. DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(73)80770-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, E. R.; Rees, D. A.; Thom, D.; Boyd, J. Chiroptical and Stoichiometric Evidence of a Specific, Primary Dimerisation Process in Alginate Gelation. Carbohydrate Research 1978, 66, 145–154. DOI: 10.1016/S0008-6215(00)83247-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donati, I.; Benegas, J. C.; Cesàro, A.; Paoletti, S. Specific Interactions versus Counterion Condensation. 2. Theoretical Treatment within the Counterion Condensation Theory. Biomacromolecules 2006, 7, 1587–1596. DOI: 10.1021/bm050981d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, L. B.; Fang, Y. P.; Vreeker, R.; Appelqvist, I.; Mendes, E. Reexamining the Egg-Box Model in Calcium-Alginate Gels with X-Ray Diffraction. Biomacromolecules 2007, 8, 464–468. DOI: 10.1021/bm060550a.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sikorski, P.; Mo, F.; Skjak-Braek, G.; Stokke, B. T. Evidence for Egg-Box-Compatible Interactions in Calcium-Alginate Gels from Fiber X-Ray Diffraction. Biomacromolecules 2007, 8(7), 2098–2103. DOI: 10.1021/bm0701503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braccini, I.; Perez, S. Molecular Basis of Ca2+-Induced Gelation in Alginates and Pectins: The Egg-Box Model Revisited. Biomacromolecules 2001, 2, 1089–1096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, J.; Sabharwal, T.; Guo, L. H.; Kalyanasundaram, A.; Wang, G. D. Gloss Phenomena and Image Analysis of Atomic Force Microscopy in Molecular and Cell Biology. Scanning 2009, 31, 49–58. DOI: 10.1002/sca.20133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhong, D.; Huang, X.; Yang, H.; Cheng, R. S. New Insights into Viscosity Abnormality of Sodium Alginate Aqueous Solution. Carbohydrate Polymers 2010, 81, 948–952. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, H. S.; Chen, F. S.; An, H. J.; Lai, S. J. Comparative Studies on Nanostructures of Three Kinds of Pectins in Two Peach Cultivars Using Atomic Force Microscopy. Postharvest Biology & Technology 2009, 51, 391–398. DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.08.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, H. S.; An, H. J.; Li, Y. F. Manipulate and Stretch Single Pectin Molecules with Modified Molecular Combing and Fluid Fixation Techniques. European Food Research & Technology 2006, 223, 78–82. DOI: 10.1007/s00217-005-0138-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borgogna, M.; Skjåk-Bræk, G.; Paoletti, S.; Donati, I. On the Initial Binding of Alginate by Calcium Ions. The Tilted Egg-Box Hypothesis. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2013, 117, 7277–7282. DOI: 10.1021/jp4030766.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donati, I.; Holtan, S.; Morch, Y. A.; Borgogna, M.; Dentini, M.; Skjak-Braek, G. New Hypothesis on the Role of Alternating Sequences in Calcium-Alginate Gels. Biomacromolecules 2005, 6, 1031–1040. DOI: 10.1021/bm049306e.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMaster, T. J.; Miles, M. J.; Kasarda, D. D.; Shewry, P. R.; Tatham, A. S. Atomic Force Microscopy of A-Gliadin Fibrils and in Situ Degradation. Journal of Cereal Science 2000, 31, 281–286. DOI: 10.1006/jcrs.2000.0307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fishman, M. L.; Cooke, P.; Hotchkiss, A.; Damert, W. Progressive Dissociation of Pectin. Carbohydrate Research 1993, 248, 303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikeda, S.; Shishido, Y. Atomic Force Microscopy Studies on Heat-Induced Gelation of Curdlan. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 2005, 53, 786–791. DOI: 10.1021/jf048797r.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fishman, M. L.; Cooke, P.; Levaj, B.; Gillespie, D. T.; Sondey, S. M.; Scorza, R. Pectin Microgels and Their Subunit Structure. Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics 1992, 294, 253–260. DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(92)90165-S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuguchi, Y.; Urakawa, H.; Kajiwara, K.; Draget, K. I.; Stokke, B. T. Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering and Rheological Characterization of Alginate Gels. 2. Time-Resolved Studies on Ionotropic Gels. Journal of Molecular Structure 2000, 554, 21–34. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-2860(00)00556-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar