2,025
Views
17
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Technical Paper

Process analysis of a regional air pollution episode over Pearl River Delta Region, China, using the MM5-CMAQ model

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 406-418 | Received 14 Jan 2013, Accepted 07 Jun 2013, Published online: 14 Mar 2014

References

  • Byun, D.W., and J.K.S. Ching. 1999. Science algorithms of the EPA Models-3 Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Government Printing Office.
  • Cao, J.J., S.C. Lee, K.F. Ho, X.Y. Zhang, S.C. Zou, K. Fung, J.C. Chow, and J.G. Watson. 2003. Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in Pearl River Delta region, China during 2001 winter period. Atmos. Environ. 37:1451–60. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01002-6
  • Chen, D.S., S.Y. Cheng, L. Liu, T. Chen, and X.R. Guo. 2007. An integrated MM5-CMAQ modelling approach for assessing trans-boundary PM10 contribution to the host city of 2008 Olympic summer games—Beijing, China. Atmos. Environ. 41:1237–50. doi:10.1016/j atmosenv.2006.09.045.
  • Chen, X.L., Y.R. Feng, J.N. Li, W.S. Lin, S.J. Fan, A.Y. Wang, S. Fong, and H. Lin. 2009. Numerical simulations on the effect of sea–land breezes on atmospheric haze over the Pearl River Delta region. Environ. Model Assess. 14(3): 351–63. doi:10.1007/s10666-007-9131-5
  • Duan, J.C., J.H. Tan, D.X. Cheng, X.H. Bi, W.J. Deng, G.Y. Sheng, J.M. Fu, and M.H. Wong. 2007. Sources and characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in two largest cities in Pearl River Delta region, China. Atmos. Environ. 41:2895–903. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2006.12.017
  • Eder, B., and S.C. Yu. 2006. A performance evaluation of the 2004 release of Models-3 CMAQ. Atmos. Environ. 40:4811–24. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.08.045
  • Fan, S.J., B.M. Wang, M. Tesche, R. Engelmann, A. Althausen, J. Liu, W. Zhu, Q. Fan, M.H. Li, N. Ta, L.L. Song, and K.C. Leong. 2008. Meteorological conditions and structures of atmospheric boundary layer in October 2004 over Pearl River Delta area. Atmos. Environ. 42:6174–6186. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2008.01.067
  • Fan, S.J., Q. Fan, W. Yu, X.Y. Luo, B.M. Wang, and L.L. Song. 2011. Atmospheric boundary layer characteristics over the Pearl River Delta, China, during the summer of 2006: Measurement and model results. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11:6297–310. doi:10.5194/acpd-11-4807-2011
  • Fang, M., M. Zheng, F. Wang, K.S. Chim, and S.C. Kot. 1999. The long-range transport of aerosols from northern China to Hong Kong: A multi-technique study. Atmos. Environ. 33:1803–17. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00318-5
  • Feng, Y.R., A.Y. Wang, D. Wu, and X.D. Xu. 2007. The influence of tropical cyclone Melor on PM10 concentrations during an aerosol episode over the Pearl River Delta region of China: Numerical modeling versus observational analysis. Atmos. Environ. 41:4349–65. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2007.01.055
  • Garland, R.M., H. Yang, O. Schmid, D. Rose, A. Nowak, P. Achtert, A. Wiedensohler, N. Takegawa, K. Kita, Y. Miyazaki, Y. Kondo, M. Hu, M. Shao, L. M. Zeng, Y.H. Zhang, and M.O. Andrea. 2008. Aerosol optical properties in a rural environment near the mega-city Guangzhou, China: Implications for regional air pollution, radiative forcing and remote sensing. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8:5161–86. doi:10.5194/acp-8-5161-2008
  • Grell, G.A., J. Dudhia, and D.R. Stauffer. 1994. A description of the fifth-generation Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5). NCAR Tech., Note, NCAR/TN-398+STR, 138. Boulder, CO: National Center for Atmospheric Research.
  • Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Monitoring Centre (GDEMC), and Environmental Protection Department of Hong Kong (HKEPD). 2005–2010. Pearl River Delta Regional Air Quality Monitoring Network report. http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/resources_pub/publications/m_report.html
  • Ho, K.F., J.J. Cao, S.C. Lee, and C.K. Chan. 2006. Source apportionment of PM2.5 in urban areas of Hong Kong, J. Hazard. Mater. B138:73–85. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.05.047
  • Houyoux, M., J. Vukovich, J.E. Brandmeyer, C. Seppanen, and A. Holland. 2004. SMOKE user manual version 2.1. Chapel Hill. NC: Carolina Environmental Program. October.
  • Jeffries, H.E., and S. Tonnesen. 1994. A comparison of two photochemical reaction mechanisms using mass balance and process analysis. Atmos. Environ. 28:2991–3003. doi:10.1016/1352-2310(94)90345-X
  • Khiem, M., R. Ooka, H. Hayami, H. Yoshikado, H. Huang, and Y. Kawamoto. 2010. Process analysis of ozone formation under different weather conditions over the Kanto region of Japan using the MM5/CMAQ modeling system. Atmos. Environ. 44:4463–73. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.07.038
  • Kwok, R.H.F., J. C.H. Fung, A. K.H. Lau, and J.S. Fu. 2010. Numerical study on seasonal variations of gaseous pollutants and particulate matters in Hong Kong and Pearl River Delta Region. J. Geophys. Res. 115. doi:10.1029/2009JD012809
  • Li, X., T. Brauers, M. Shao, R. M. Garland, T. Wagner, T. Deutschmann, and A. Wahner. 2010. MAX-DOAS measurements in southern China: Retrieval of aerosol extinctions and validation using ground-based in-situ data. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10:2079–89. doi:10.5194/acp-10-2079-2010
  • Liu, P., and Y. Zhang. 2011a. Use of a process analysis tool for diagnostic study on fine particulate matter predictions in the U.S. Part I: Model evaluation. Atmos. Pollut. Res. 2:49–60. doi:10.5094/APR.2011.007
  • Liu, P., and Y. Zhang. 2011b. Use of a process analysis tool for diagnostic study on fine particulate matter predictions in the U.S. Part II: Analyses and sensitivity simulations. Atmos. Pollut. Res. 2:61–71. doi:10.5094/APR.2011.008
  • Liu, X.G., Y.F. Cheng, Y.H. Zhang, J.S. Jung, N. Sugimoto, S.Y. Chang, Y.J. Kim, S.J. Fan, and L.M. Zeng. 2008. Influences of relative humidity and particle chemical composition on aerosol scattering properties during the 2006 PRD campaign. Atmos. Environ. 42:1525–36. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2007.10.077
  • Liu, X.H., Y. Zhang, S.H. Cheng, J. Xing, Q. Zhang, D.G. Streets, C. Jang, W.X. Wang, and J.M. Hao. 2010a. Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part I performance evaluation and seasonal variation. Atmos. Environ. 44:2415–26. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2010.03.035
  • Liu, X.H., Y. Zhang, J. Xing, Q. Zhang, K. Wang, D.G. Streets, C. Jang, W.X. Wang, and J.M. Hao. 2010b. Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, Part II. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions. Atmos. Environ. 44:3719–27. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.036
  • Louie, P.K.K., J.G. Watson, J.C. Chow, A. Chen, D.W.M. Sin, and A.K.H. Lau. 2005. Seasonal characteristics and regional transport of PM2.5 in Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ. 39:1695–710. doi: 10.1016/j. atmosenv.2004.11.017
  • O’Neill, S.M., and B.K. Lamb. 2005. Intercomparison of the community multiscale air quality model and CALGRID using process analysis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39:5742–53. doi:10.1021/es048403c
  • Queen, A., and Y. Zhang. 2008a. Examining the sensitivity of MM5-CMAQ predictions to explicit microphysics schemes and horizontal grid resolutions, Part II—PM concentrations and wet deposition predictions. Atmos. Environ. 42:3856–68. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2007.12.066
  • Queen, A., and Y. Zhang. 2008b. Examining the sensitivity of MM5-CMAQ predictions to explicit microphysics schemes and horizontal grid resolutions, Part III—The impact of horizontal grid resolution. Atmos. Environ. 42:3869–81. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2008.02.035
  • Reynolds, S.D., C.L. Blanchard, and S.D. Ziman. 2003. Understanding the effectiveness of precursor reductions in lowering 8-hr ozone concentrations. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 53:195–205. doi:10.1080/10473289.2003.10466143
  • Tonse, S.R., N.J. Brown, R.A. Harley, and L. Jin. 2008. A process-analysis based study of the ozone weekend effect. Atmos. Environ. 42:7728–36. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.05.061
  • Wang, W., L.H. Ren, Y.H. Zhang, J.H. Chen, H.J. Liu, L.F. Bao, S.J. Fan, and D.G. Tang. 2008. Aircraft measurements of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter over Pearl River Delta in China. Atmos. Environ. 42:6187–202. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.06.001
  • Wei, X.L., Y.S. Li, K.S. Lam, A.Y. Wang, and T.J. Wang. 2007. Impact of biogenic VOC emissions on a tropical cyclone-related ozone episode in the Pearl River Delta region, China. Atmos. Environ. 41:7851–64. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.012
  • Xu, J., Y.H. Zhang, J.S. Fu, S.Q. Zheng, and W. Wang, 2008. Process analysis of typical summertime ozone episodes over the Beijing area. Sci. Total Environ. 399:147–57. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.02.013
  • Yu, Y., R.S. Sokhi, N. Kitwiroon, D.R. Middleton, and B. Fisher. 2008. Performance characteristics of MM5–SMOKE–CMAQ for a summer photochemical episode in southeast England, United Kingdom. Atmos. Environ. 28:4870–83. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2008.02.051
  • Zhang Y.H., M. Hu, S.C. Liu, and A. Wiedensohler. 2008. The special issue on PRIDE-PRD2004 Campaign. Atmos. Environ. 42:6155–56. doi:10.1016/j. atmosenv.2008.07.001
  • Zhang, Y., B. Pun, S.Y. Wu, K. Vijayaraghavan, and C. Seigneur. 2004. Application and evaluation of two air quality models for particulate matter for a southeastern U.S. episode. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 54:1478–93. doi:10.1080/10473289. 2004.10471012
  • Zhou, J.F. 2012. Study on the influence of boundary-layer meteorological conditions on air quality over the Eastern Region of the Pearl River Estuary (in Chinese). Sun Yat-Sen University master’s thesis. 85.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.