Restudy of some plectronocerid nautiloids (Cephalopoda) from the late Cambrian of China; discussion on nautiloid evolution and origin of the siphuncle

References

• Checa, A.G., Cartwright, J.H.E., Sanchez-Almazo, I., Andrade, J.P. & Ruiz-Raya, F., 2015: The cuttlefish sepia officinalis (sepiidae, cephalopoda) constructs cuttlebone from a liquid-crystal precursor. Scientific Reports, 1–12. 1–5:11513. doi: 10.1038/srep11513
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, J.-Y. & Qi, D.L., 1979: Late Cambrian cephalopods of north China – plectronocerida, Protactinocerida (Ord. Nov.) and Yanhecerida (Ord. Nov.). Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 18, 1–24.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, J.-Y. & Teichert, C., 1983: Cambrian cephalopoda of China. Palaeontographica 181, 1–102.
   Google Scholar
• Doguzaeva, L.A., Bengtson, S. & Mutvei, H., 2010: Structural and morphological indicators of mode of life in the Aptian lytoceratid ammonoid Eogaudryceras. In K. Tanabe, Y. Shigeta, T. Sasaki, & H. Hirano (eds.): Cephalopods - Present and Past, 123–130. Tokai University Press, Tokyo
   Google Scholar
• Doguzhaeva, L.A., Bengtson, S., Reguero, M.A., Mörs, T. & Vermeij, G.J., 2017: An Eocene orthocone from Antarctica shows convergent evolution of internally shelled cephalopods, PloS One 12, e0172169. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dzik, J., 1981: Origin of cephalopoda. Acta palaeontologica Polonica 26, 161–191.
   Google Scholar
• Fang, X., Kröger, B., Zhang, Y.-D., Zhang, Y.-B. & Chen, T.-E., 2018: Palaeogeographic distribution and diversity of cephalopods during the Cambrian–ordovician transition. Palaeoworld doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2018.08.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flower, R.H., 1964: The nautiloid order Ellesmeroceratida (Cephalopoda). New Mexico Institute of Mining & Technology, Memoire 12, 164.
   Google Scholar
• Kröger, B., 2007: Some lesser known features of the ancient cephalopod order Ellesmerocerida (Nautiloidea, Cephalopoda). Palaeontology 50, 565–572. doi:10.1111/pala.2007.50.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kröger, B., Vinther, J. & Fuchs, D., 2011: Cephalopod origin and evolution: a congruent picture emerging from fossils, development and molecules. BioEssays June 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Landing, E. & Kröger, B., 2012: Cephalopod ancestry and ecology of the hyolith “Allatheca” degeeri s.l. in the Cambrian evolutionary radiation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 353–355, 21–30. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.06.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazurek, D. & Zaton, M., 2011: Is Nectocaris pteryx a cephalopod? Lethaia 44, 2–4. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00253.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., 1964: On the secondary internal calcareous lining of the wall of the siphonal tube in certsain fossil “nautiloid” cephalopods. Arkiv För Zoologi 16, 375–424.
   Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H. & Dunca, E., 2007: Connecting ring ultrastructure in the Jurassic ammonoid Quenstedtoceras with discussion on mode of life of ammonoids. In N.K. Landman & R. Mapes (eds.): Cephalopods present and past. chapter 12, 239–256. Springer, The Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., 2013: Characterization of nautiloid orders ellesmerocerida, oncocerida, tarrphycerida, discocerida and actinocerida: new superorder multiceratoidea. GFF 135, 171–183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., 2015: Characterization of two new superorders nautilosiphonata and calciosiphonata and a new order cyrtocerinida of the subclass nautiloidea; siphuncular structure in the ordovician nautiloid bathmoceras (Cephalopoda). GFF 137, 164–174. doi:10.1080/11035897.2015.1061592.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., 2016: Siphuncular structures in calciosiphonate nautiloid orders actinocerida, orthocerida and barrandeocerida (Cephalopoda). GFF 138, 295–305. doi:10.1080/11035897.2015.1123768.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., 2017: The new order mixosiphonata (Cephalopoda: nautiloidea) and related taxa; estimations of habitat depth based on shell structure. GFF 140, 219–230. doi:10.1080/11035897.2017.1330278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., Dunca, E. & Weitchat, W., 2010: Siphuncular structure in the recent nautilus, compared with that in Mesozoic nautilids and ammonoids from Madagascar. GFF 132, 161–166. doi:10.1080/11035897.2010.510204.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H. & Mapes, R.H., 2018: Carboniferous coleoids with mixed coleoid-orthocerid characteristics: a new light on cephalopod evolution. GFF 140, 11–24. doi:10.1080/11035897.2018.1429490.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H. & Mapes, R.H., 2019: Carboniferous orthocerid-like coleoid Mitorthoceras with unique shell structure (new order Tuborthocerida, Coleoidea, Cephalopoda); comparison with bactritid-like coleoid Shimanskya. GFF 141, 121–132. doi:10.1080/11035897.2019.1572218.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., Mapes, R.H. & Doguzhaeva, L.A., 2012: Shell structures in Carboniferous bactritid-like coleoids (Cephalopoda) from south Central USA. GFF 134, 201–216. doi:10.1080/11035897.2012.696134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., Weitchat, W., Doguzhaeva, L.A. & Dunca, E., 2004: Connecting ring with pore canals in two genera of Mesozoic ammonoids. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg 88, 135–144.
   Google Scholar
• Mutvei, H., Zhang, Y.B. & Dunca, E., 2007: Late Cambrian plectronocerid nautiloids and their role in Cephalopod evolution. Palaeontology 50, 1327–1333. doi:10.1111/pala.2007.50.issue-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runnegar, B., 2011: Once again: is Nectocaris pteryx a stem-group cephalopod? Lethaia 44, 373. doi:10.1111/let.2011.44.issue-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, M.R., 2019: An Ordovician nectocarid hints at an endocochleate origin of cephalopoda. Journal of Paleontology doi:10.1017/jpa.2019.57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, M.R. & Caron, J.B., 2010: Primitive soft bodied cephalopods from the Cambrian. Nature 465, 469–472. doi:10.1038/nature09068.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, M.R. & Caron, J.B., 2011: Nectocaris and early cephalopod evolution: reply to Mazurek & Zatoń. Lethaia 44, 369–372. doi:10.1111/let.2011.44.issue-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wade, M., 1988: Nautiloids and their descendants. New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources. Memoir 44, 15–25.
   Google Scholar
• Wade, M., Stait, B. & Saunders, W.B., 1993: Subclass Nautiloidea. In P.L. Beesley, G.J.P. Ross, & A. Wells (eds.): Mollusca: the southern synthesis. Part A. Fauna of Australia Volume 5, 485–498. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.
   Google Scholar
• Webers, G.F. & Yochelson, E.L., 1989: Late Cambrian molluscan faunas and the origin of the cephalopoda. Geological Society, London. Special Publications 47, 29–42. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.047.01.04.
   Google Scholar
• Yochelon, E.L., Flower, R.H. & Webers, G.F., 1973: The bearing of the new Late Cambrian monoplacophoran genus Knightoconus upon the origin of the Cephalopoda. Lethaia 6, 275–310. doi:10.1111/let.1973.6.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar