492
Views
59
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Old‐growth forests: An ecosystem approach

Lichens and bryophytes as indicators of old‐growth features in Mediterranean forests

, , , , , & show all
Pages 221-233 | Published online: 03 Mar 2010

References

  • Aleffi , M , Tacchi , R and Cortini Pedrotti , C . 2008 . Check‐list of the hornworts, liverworts and mosses of Italy . Bocconea , 22 : 1 – 255 .
  • Amore , FO , Bonari , G , Ciampo , G , de Capoa , P , Perrone , V and Sgrosso , I . 1988 . Relazioni tra “flysch interni” e domini appenninici: reinterpretazione delle formazioni di Pollica, S. Mauro e Albidona e il problema dell’evoluzione inframiocenica delle zone esterne appenniniche . Mem Soc Geol Ital , 41 : 285 – 297 .
  • Anderson , MJ . 2001 . Permutation tests for univariate or multivariate analysis of variance and regression . Can J Fish Aquat Sci , 58 : 626 – 639 .
  • Bacaro , G , Rocchini , D , Bonini , I , Marignani , M , Maccherini , S and Chiarucci , A . 2008 . The role of regional and local scale predictors for plant species richness in Mediterranean forests . Plant Biosyst , 142 (3) : 630 – 642 .
  • Barkman , JJ . 1958 . “ Phytosociology and ecology of cryptogamic epiphytes ” . Assen : Van Gorcum .
  • Belinchón , R , Martínez , I , Escudero , A , Aragón , G and Valladares , F . 2007 . Edge effects on epiphytic communities in a Mediterranean Quercus pyrenaica forest . J Veg Sci , 18 : 81 – 90 .
  • Blasi , C , Marchetti , M , Chiavetta , U , Aleffi , M , Audisio , P Azzella , MM . 2010 . Multi‐taxon and forest structure sampling for identification of indicators and monitoring of old‐growth forest . Plant Biosyst , 144 (1)
  • Boudreault , C , Gauthier , S and Bergeron , Y . 2000 . Epiphytic lichens and bryophytes on Populus tremuloides along a chronosequence in the southwestern boreal forest of Québec, Canada . Bryologist , 103 : 725 – 738 .
  • Braun‐Blanquet , J . 1932 . “ Plant sociology ” . Edited by: Fuller , GD and Conrad , HS . 539 New York : McGraw‐Hill .
  • Burrascano , S , Lombardi , F and Marchetti , M . 2008 . Old‐growth forest structure and deadwood: Are they indicators of plant species composition? A case study from central Italy . Plant Biosyst , 142 (2) : 313 – 323 .
  • Campbell , J and Fredeen , AL . 2004 . Lobaria polmonaria abundance as an indicator of macrolichen diversity in Interior Cedar‐Hemlock forests of east‐central British Columbia . Can J Bot , 82 : 970 – 982 .
  • Chiarucci , A and Bonini , I . 2005 . Quantitative floristics as a tool for the assessment of plant diversity in Tuscan forests . For Ecol Manage , 212 : 160 – 170 .
  • Clarke , KR and Gorley , RN . 2006 . “ PRIMER v6: User manual/tutorial ” . Plymouth : PRIMER‐E .
  • Corbetta , F , Pirone , G , Frattaroli , AR and Ciaschetti , G . 2004 . Lineamenti vegetazionali del Parco Nazionale del Cilento e Vallo di Diano . Braun‐Blanquetia , 36 : 61
  • Corona , P , Blasi , C , Chirici , G , Facioni , L , Fattorini , L and Ferrari , B . 2010 . Monitoring and assessing old‐growth forest stands by plot sampling . Plant Biosyst , 144 (1)
  • Critelli , S and Le Pera , E . 1990 . Litostratigrafia e composizione della Formazione di Pollica (Gruppo del Cilento, Appennino Meridionale) . Boll Soc Geol Ital , 109 : 511 – 536 .
  • Dierβen , K . 2001 . Distribution, ecological amplitude and phytosociological characterization of European bryophytes . Bryophytorum Bibliotheca , 56 : 1 – 289 .
  • Düll , R . 1991 . “ Indicator values of mosses and liverworts ” . In Indicator values of plants in Central Europe , Edited by: Ellenberg , H , Weber , HE , Düll , R , Wirth , V , Werner , W and Paulissen , D . 175 – 214 . Göttingen : Verlag Erich Goltze KG .
  • Elenco ufficiale delle Aree Protette (EUAP) . 2003 . “ Supplemento ordinario n. 144 alla Gazzetta Ufficiale n. 205 ” . UNESCO, World Heritage List . Available: http://whc.unesco.org/sites/842.htm. Accessed Sept 2009
  • Ellenberg , H , Weber , HE , Düll , R , Wirth , V , Werner , W and Paulissen , D , eds. 1991 . “ Zeigerwerte von Pflanzen in Mitteleuropa: Indicator values of plants in Central Europe ” . Göttingen : Verlag Erich Goltze KG .
  • Er , KBH and Innes , JL . 2003 . The presence of oldgrowth characteristics as a criterion for identifying temperate forests of high conservation value . Int For Rev , 5 : 1 – 8 .
  • Fritz , Ö , Gustafsson , L and Larsson , K . 2008 . Does forest continuity matter in conservation? A study of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes in beech forests of southern Sweden . Biol Conserv , 141 : 655 – 668 .
  • Giordani , P , Brunialti , G , Nascimbene , J , Gottardini , E , Cristofolini , F Isocrono , D . 2006 . Aspects of biological diversity in the CONECOFOR plots. III. Epiphytic lichens . Ann Ist Sper Selv , 30 : 43 – 50 .
  • Gustafsson , L , Appelgren , L , Jonsson , F , Nordin , U , Persson , A and Weslien , J‐O . 2004 . High occurrence of red‐listed bryophytes and lichens in mature managed forests in boreal Sweden . Basic Appl Ecol , 5 : 123 – 129 .
  • Gustafsson , L , De Jong , J and Norén , M . 1999 . Evaluation of Swedish woodland key habitats using red‐listed bryophytes and lichens . Biodivers Conserv , 8 : 1101 – 1114 .
  • Hilmo , O and Sastad , SM . 2001 . Colonization of old‐forest lichens in a young and an old boreal Picea abies forest: An experimental approach . Biol Conserv , 102 : 251 – 259 .
  • Humphrey , JW . 2005 . Benefits to biodiversity from developing old‐growth conditions in British upland spruce plantations: A review and recommendations . Forestry , 78 (1) : 33 – 53 .
  • Humphrey , JW , Davey , S , Peace , AJ , Ferris , R and Harding , K . 2002 . Lichen and bryophyte communities of planted and semi‐natural forests in Britain: The influence of site type, stand structure and deadwood . Biol Conserv , 107 : 165 – 180 .
  • Humphrey , JW , Newton , AC , Peace , AJ and Holden , E . 2000 . The importance of conifer plantations in northern Britain as a habitat for native fungi . Biol Conserv , 96 : 241 – 252 .
  • Hyvärinen , M , Halonen , P and Kauppi , M . 1992 . Influence of stand age and structure on the epiphytic lichen vegetation in the middle‐boreal forests of Finland . Lichenologist , 24 (2) : 165 – 180 .
  • Kruskal , JB . 1964 . Nonmetric multidimensional scaling: A numerical method . Psychometrika , 29 : 115 – 129 .
  • L[otilde]hmus , A , L[otilde]hmus , P and Vellak , K . 2007 . Substratum diversity explains landscape‐scale co‐variation in the species‐richness of bryophytes and lichens . Biol Conserv , 135 : 405 – 414 .
  • Martínez , I , Carreño , F , Escudero , A and Rubio , A . 2006 . Are threatened lichen species well‐protected in Spain? Effectiveness of a protected areas network . Biol Conserv , 133 : 500 – 511 .
  • McCune , B and Grace , JB . 2002 . “ Analysis of ecological communities ” . Gleneden Beach, Oregon : MjM Software .
  • McCune , B and Mefford , MJ . 1999 . Multivariate analysis of ecological data , Version 4.25 , Gleneden Beach, Oregon : MjM Software .
  • Motta , R . 2002 . Old‐growth forests and silviculture in the Italian Alps: The case‐study of the strict reserve of Paneveggio (TN) . Plant Biosyst , 136 (2) : 223 – 232 .
  • Nascimbene , J , Caniglia , G , Nicli , M and Dalle Vedove , M . 2006 . Populations of Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. in the Cansiglio Regional Forest (Veneto, Pre‐Alps, north‐east Italy): Distribution, diversity and conservation issues . Plant Biosyst , 140 : 34 – 42 .
  • Nascimbene , J , Marini , L , Caniglia , G , Cester , D and Nimis , PL . 2008 . Lichen diversity on stumps in relation to wood decay in subalpine forests of Northern Italy . Biodivers Conserv , 17 : 2661 – 2670 .
  • Nascimbene , J , Marini , L and Nimis , PL . 2007 . Influence of forest management on epiphytic lichens in a temperate Fagus sylvatica forest of northern Italy . For Ecol Manage , 247 : 43 – 47 .
  • Neitlich , PN and McCune , B . 1997 . Hotspots of epiphytic lichen diversity in two young managed forests . Conserv Biol , 11 : 172 – 182 .
  • Nilsson , SG , Arup , U , Baranowski , R and Ekman , S . 1995 . Tree‐dependent lichens and beetles as indicators in conservation forests . Conserv Biol , 9 (5) : 1208 – 1215 .
  • Nilsson , SG and Ericson , L . 1992 . “ Conservation of plant and animal populations in theory and practice ” . In Ecological principles of nature conservation , Edited by: Hanson , L . 71 – 112 . London : Elsevier Appl Science .
  • Nimis , PL and Martellos , S . 2008 . ITALIC – The information system on Italian lichens , Version 4.0 , University of Trieste, Department of Biology . IN4.0/1. Available: http://dbiodbs.univ.trieste.it/. Accessed Nov 2009 11
  • Nordén , B and Appelqvist , T . 2001 . Conceptual problems of ecological continuity and its bioindicators . Biodivers Conserv , 10 : 779 – 791 .
  • Nordén , B , Paltto , H , Götmark , F and Wallin , K . 2007 . Indicators of biodiversity, what do they indicate? – Lessons for conservation of cryptogams in oak‐rich forest . Biol Conserv , 135 : 369 – 379 .
  • Ohlson , M , Söderström , L , Hörnberg , G , Zackrisson , O and Hermansson , J . 1997 . Habitat qualities versus long‐term continuity as determinants of biodiversity in boreal old‐growth swamp forests . Biol Conserv , 81 : 221 – 231 .
  • Peck , JE , Grabner , J , Ladd , D and Larsen , DR . 2004 . Microhabitat affinities of Missouri Ozarks lichens . Bryologist , 107 (1) : 47 – 61 .
  • Peck , JE and McCune , B . 1997 . Remnant trees and canopy lichen communities in western Oregon: A retrospective approach . Ecol Appl , 7 (4) : 1181 – 1187 .
  • PESBLD . 1995 . “ First Action Plan on biological and landscape diversity 1996–2000 ” . Available: http://www.peblds.org/index.php?ido=23164578. Accessed May 2009 5
  • Peterken , GF . 1996 . Natural woodland , 540 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Pharo , EJ , Beattie , AJ and Pressey , RL . 2000 . Effectiveness of using vascular plants to select reserves for bryophytes and lichens . Biol Conserv , 96 : 371 – 378 .
  • Ravera , S , Massari , G and Genovesi , V . 2006 . Phytoclimatic characterization of lichen habitats in central Italy . Nova Hedwigia , 82 (1/2) : 143 – 165 .
  • Rolstad , J , Gjerde , I , Gundersen , VS and Saetersdal , M . 2002 . Use of indicator species to assess forest continuity: A critique . Conserv Biol , 16 : 253 – 257 .
  • Rosati , L , Di Pietro , R and Blasi , C . 2005 . La vegetazione forestale della Regione Temperata del Flysch del Cilento (Italia meridionale) . Fitosociologia , 42 (2) : 33 – 65 .
  • Rose , F . 1976 . “ Lichenological indicators of age and environmental continuity in woodlands ” . In editors. Lichenology: Progress and problems , Edited by: Brown , DH , Hawksworth , DL and Bailey , RH . 279 – 307 . London : Academic Press .
  • Rose , F . 1992 . “ Temperate forest management: Its effects on bryophyte floras and habitats ” . In Bryophytes and lichens in a changing environment , Edited by: Bates , JW and Farmer , AM . 211 – 233 . Oxford : Clarendon Press .
  • Sokal , RR and Rohlf , FJ . 1995 . Biometry , 3rd ed. , 887 New York : W.H. Freeman .
  • Uliczka , H and Angelstam , P . 2000 . Assessing conservation values of forest stands based on specialised lichens and birds . Biol Conserv , 95 : 343 – 351 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.